Objective: Data on syncopal donation-related vasovagal reaction (DRVR) collected from 74 blood centers between 2020 and 2023 was statistically analyzed to provide a reference for developing preventive strategies against syncopal DRVR. Methods: Data on blood donation adverse reactions and basic information of donors from 2020 to 2023 were collected through the information management system at monitoring sentinel sites. Statistical analysis was performed on the following aspects of syncopal DRVR: characteristics of donors who experienced syncope, reported incidence, triggers, duration, presence and occurrence time of syncope-related trauma, clinical management including outpatient and inpatient treatment, and severity grading. Results: From 2020 to 2023, 45 966 donation-related adverse reactions were recorded. Of these, 1 665 (3.72%) cases were syncopal DRVR. The incidence of syncopal DRVR decreased with age, being the highest in the 18-22 age group. Incidence was significantly higher in female donors than male donors, in first-time donors than repeat donors, and in university and individual donors than group donors (all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference among different blood donation locations (P>0.05). The top three triggers were tension, fatigue, and needle phobia or fear of blood. Among syncopal DRVR cases, 60.36% occurred during blood collection, 87.63% lasted for less than 60 seconds, and 5.05% were accompanied by trauma. Notably, 57.14% of these traumas occurred after donor had left the blood collection site. Syncope severity was graded based on required treatment: grade 1 (fully recovered without treatment, 95.50%); grade 2 (recovered after outpatient treatment, 4.02%); and grade 3 (recovered after inpatient treatment, 0.48%). Conclusion: By analyzing the data of syncopal DRVR cases, it is possible to provide a reference for formulating blood donor safety policies.

Cardiac fibrosis(CF) is a cardiac pathological process characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix(ECM). When the heart is damaged by adverse stimuli, cardiac fibroblasts are activated and secrete a large amount of ECM, leading to changes in cardiac fibrosis, myocardial stiffness, and cardiac function declines and accelerating the development of heart failure. There is a close relationship between heart yin deficiency and cardiac fibrosis, which have similar pathogenic mechanisms. Heart Yin deficiency, characterized by insufficient Yin fluids, causes the heart to lose its nourishing function, which acts as the initiating factor for myocardial dystrophy. The deficiency of body fluids leads to stagnation of blood flow, resulting in blood stasis and water retention. Blood stasis and water retention accumulate in the heart, which aligns with the pathological manifestation of excessive deposition of ECM, as a tangible pathogenic factor. This is an inevitable stage of the disease process. The lingering of blood stasis combined with water retention eventually leads to the generation of heat and toxins, triggering inflammatory responses similar to heat toxins, which continuously stimulate the heart and cause the ultimate outcome of CF. Considering the syndrome of heart Yin deficiency, traditional Chinese medicine capable of nourishing Yin, activating blood, and promoting urination can reduce myocardial cell apoptosis, inhibit fibroblast activation, and lower the inflammation level, showing significant advantages in combating CF.
Humans ; Fibrosis/drug therapy* ; Animals ; Yin Deficiency/metabolism* ; Myocardium/metabolism* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use*

Medical institutions, with their clinical practice foundation and abundant human use experience data, have become important carriers for the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and the "cradles" of the preparation of new TCM. To effectively promote the transformation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions and establish an effective evaluation index system for the transformation of new TCM conforming to the characteristics of TCM, consensus experts adopted the literature research, questionnaire survey, Delphi method, etc. By focusing on the policy and technical evaluation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions, a comprehensive evaluation from the dimensions of drug safety, efficacy, feasibility, and characteristic advantages was conducted, thus forming a comprehensive evaluation system with four primary indicators and 37 secondary indicators. The expert consensus reached aims to encourage medical institutions at all levels to continuously improve the high-quality research and development and transformation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions and targeted at clinical needs, so as to provide a decision-making basis for the preparation, selection, cultivation, and transformation of new TCM for medical institutions, improve the development efficiency of new TCM, and precisely respond to the public medication needs.
Medicine, Chinese Traditional/standards* ; Humans ; Consensus ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) combined with lower cervical fracture is often categorized into unstable fracture, with a high incidence of neurological injury and a high rate of disability and morbidity. As factors such as shoulder occlusion may affect the accuracy of X-ray imaging diagnosis, it is often easily misdiagnosed at the primary diagnosis. Non-operative treatment has complications such as bone nonunion and the possibility of secondary neurological damage, while the timing, access and choice of surgical treatment are still controversial. Currently, there are no clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of AS combined with lower cervical fracture with or without dislocation. To this end, the Spinal Trauma Group of Orthopedics Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts to formulate Clinical guidelines for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis combined with lower cervical fracture in adults ( version 2024) in accordance with the principles of evidence-based medicine, scientificity and practicality, in which 11 recommendations were put forward in terms of the diagnosis, imaging evaluation, typing and treatment, etc, to provide guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of AS combined with lower cervical fracture.

Objective To investigated the effect of tripterygium glycosides(TG)on dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced colonic mucosal damage in ulcerative colitis(UC)mice and its regulatory mechanism.Methods Forty C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a normal group,a model group,and a tretinoin low,medium,and high dose group(administered at concentrations of 9.00mg/kg,27.03mg/kg,and 81.09mg/kg,respectively).The mice in the normal group were free to drink distilled water,and the rest of the mice drank 5％DSS to induce UC modeling.After modeling,mice in the model group were given 0.4ml of saline by gavage daily,and the rest of the mice in the treatment group were given the corresponding dose of TG for gavage intervention.The mass and disease activity index of the mice in each group were compared,and the pathological and histological damage of the colon was observed.Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),malondialdehyde(MDA),and superoxide dismutase(SOD)levels were measured using the corresponding kits.Western blot Detection of Nur77,tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2(Traf2),nucleoporin 62(P62),autophagy protein-microtubule associated protein1 light chain 3(LC3)molecular expression.Results Compared with the blank group,the body weight,colon length,SOD,Nur77,Traf2,and LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ levels of mice in the model group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the DAI level,colon pathology score,TNF-α,MDA level,and P62 of the mice were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with mice in the UC model group,mice in the low,medium and high dose groups of tretinoin polyphenols showed significant increases in body weight,colon length,SOD,Nur77,Traf2,LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰlevels(P<0.05),and mice with DAI scores,TNF-α,MDA levels in the colon,and P62 levels were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Mice in the medium and high dose groups of tretinoin polyphenols pathological scores were significantly reduced(P<0.05).Conclusion TG is able to treat ulcerative colitis through Nur77-Traf2-P62 signaling pathway.

Objective:To explore the mechanism of Honghua Xiaoyao Tablets in the treatment of premature ovarian failure (POF) using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology; To conduct further experimental verification.Methods:The active components and related targets of Honghua Xiaoyao Tablets were obtained using TCMSP and PubChem databases, and the related targets of POF were obtained by using GeneCards database. The Venn online tool was used to screen the intersection genes, and the STRING database was used to construct the PPI network. Then, GO function enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed on the intersecting genes through the Metescape database, and Cytoscape 3.7.1 software was used to construct the "active component-target" network and "Chinese materia medica-active component-target-key pathway-disease" network. Finally, molecular docking verification was carried out. Mice were divided into blank group, model group, and Honghua Xiaoyao Tablets group using a random number table method, with 8 mice in each group. Except for the blank group, mice in each group were treated with zona pellucida polypeptide 3 (ZP3) and Freund's Complete Adjuvant (FCA) to establish a mouse model of immune POF. Mice in the Honghua Xiaoyao Tablets group received Honghua Xiaoyao Tablets solution 0.56 g/kg for gavage, and the blank control group and the model group received saline for gavage for consecutive 4 weeks. The histopathological changes of the mouse ovary were observed by HE staining. Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression of ESR1, and Western blot was used to detect the expressions of Akt and p-Akt.Results:A total of 80 intersection targets between Honghua Xiaoyao Tablets and POF were obtained, and the PPI network contained 44 core targets. The top 5 compounds in the topological analysis were formononetin, quercetin, Betulinic acid, Hydroxysafflor Yellow A and Baicalin, and the top 5 targets were PPARG, ESR1, AR, AKT1 and IL6. The molecular function of core genes was mainly receptor ligand activity, and its biological process mainly involved the positive regulation of cell migration. The cellular components mainly included membrane rafts, which were involved in signaling pathways such as cancer signaling pathway, proteoglycans in cancer, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and HIF-1 signaling pathway. "Chinese materia medica-component-target-pathway-disease" network showed that 8 kinds of Chinese materia medica in the Honghua Xiaoyao Tablets had important core components, among which Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Carthami Flos involved the most important core components. Molecular docking results showed that the active components had a good affinity with the core target. The experimental verification confirmed that Honghua Xiaoyao Tablets promoted follicular development, increased the expression of ESR1 in ovarian tissues and up-regulated the expression level of the key factor of Akt phosphorylation in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.Conclusions:The various active components of Honghua Xiaoyao Tablets may act on PPARG, ESR1 and other targets through multiple signaling pathways such as PI3K-Akt and HIF-1 to treat POF. The potential active components are mainly formononetin, quercetin, etc.

Aim To investigate the enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicity of GanoExtra in combination with cyclophosphamide(CTX)on inhibiting lung metastasis and immune function in mice.Methods The CCK-8 method was used to verify the cytotoxic effects of Gano-Extra on MCF-7 and 4T1 tumor cells.In vivo experi-ment,a mouse model of lung metastasis of breast canc-er was established by injecting 4T1 tumor cells into the tail vein,which was divided into four groups including 4T1 model group,CTX group,GanoExtra group and GanoExtra+CTX group.The control group was set.After 21 days,the mice were euthanized under anes-thesia,and the body weight of the mice was recorded.Average lung index and spleen index were calculated.The mouse spleen lymphocyte transformation experi-ment was used to determine the activity of spleen cells.The NK cell activity assay was used to determine the activity of NK cells.Blood cells were determined in mouse blood samples.Flow cytometry was used to de-termine the levels of CD4+and CD8+T cells in blood samples.ELISA was used to measure the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in serum.HE staining was used to ob-serve the pathological morphological changes in tumors and various tissues;and CFSE staining was used to de-termine the proliferative effect of GanoExtra on CD8+cells.Results In vitro GanoExtra at 50 mg·L-1 sig-nificantly inhibited the activity of MCF-7 and 4T1 tumor cells.In the breast cancer pulmonary metastasis model,compared with the model group,the spleen in-dex and blood WBCs content were significantly re-duced,while the activity of NK cells,spleen cells,and the proportion of RBCs,CD 3+and CD 8+T cells in the blood were significantly increased.At the end of the treatment,compared with the CTX group,the number of lung metastases and lung index of the Gano-Extra+CTX group were significantly reduced,and the levels of HGB,CD8+cells,IL-6,and TNF-α in the blood of mice were significantly increased.GanoExtra at 10 mg·L-1 significantly promoted the proliferation of CD8+T cells in vitro.Conclusions GanoExtra can enhance the inhibitory effect of CTX on tumor metasta-sis,alleviate adverse reactions such as splenomegaly and pulmonary enlargement caused by CTX,and have a health-promoting function of promoting the prolifera-tion of CD8+T cells to enhance the immune efficacy of the body.

Objective: This cross-sectional investigation aimed to determine the incidence, clinical characteristics, prognosis, and related risk factors of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain in mainland China. Methods: Data of patients with SARS-CoV-2 from December 28, 2022, to February 21, 2023, were collected through online and offline questionnaires from 45 tertiary hospitals and one center for disease control and prevention in mainland China. The questionnaire included demographic information, previous health history, smoking and alcohol drinking, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, olfactory and gustatory function before and after infection, other symptoms after infection, as well as the duration and improvement of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction. The self-reported olfactory and gustatory functions of patients were evaluated using the Olfactory VAS scale and Gustatory VAS scale. Results: A total of 35 566 valid questionnaires were obtained, revealing a high incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain (67.75%). Females(χ2=367.013, P<0.001) and young people(χ2=120.210, P<0.001) were more likely to develop these dysfunctions. Gender(OR=1.564, 95%CI: 1.487-1.645), SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status (OR=1.334, 95%CI: 1.164-1.530), oral health status (OR=0.881, 95%CI: 0.839-0.926), smoking history (OR=1.152, 95%CI=1.080-1.229), and drinking history (OR=0.854, 95%CI: 0.785-0.928) were correlated with the occurrence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to SARS-CoV-2(above P<0.001). 44.62% (4 391/9 840) of the patients who had not recovered their sense of smell and taste also suffered from nasal congestion, runny nose, and 32.62% (3 210/9 840) suffered from dry mouth and sore throat. The improvement of olfactory and taste functions was correlated with the persistence of accompanying symptoms(χ2=10.873, P=0.001). The average score of olfactory and taste VAS scale was 8.41 and 8.51 respectively before SARS-CoV-2 infection, but decreased to3.69 and 4.29 respectively after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and recovered to 5.83and 6.55 respectively at the time of the survey. The median duration of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions was 15 days and 12 days, respectively, with 0.5% (121/24 096) of patients experiencing these dysfunctions for more than 28 days. The overall self-reported improvement rate of smell and taste dysfunctions was 59.16% (14 256/24 096). Gender(OR=0.893, 95%CI: 0.839-0.951), SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status (OR=1.334, 95%CI: 1.164-1.530), history of head and facial trauma(OR=1.180, 95%CI: 1.036-1.344, P=0.013), nose (OR=1.104, 95%CI: 1.042-1.171, P=0.001) and oral (OR=1.162, 95%CI: 1.096-1.233) health status, smoking history(OR=0.765, 95%CI: 0.709-0.825), and the persistence of accompanying symptoms (OR=0.359, 95%CI: 0.332-0.388) were correlated with the recovery of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to SARS-CoV-2 (above P<0.001 except for the indicated values). Conclusion: The incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain is high in mainland China, with females and young people more likely to develop these dysfunctions. Active and effective intervention measures may be required for cases that persist for a long time. The recovery of olfactory and taste functions is influenced by several factors, including gender, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status, history of head and facial trauma, nasal and oral health status, smoking history, and persistence of accompanying symptoms.
Female ; Humans ; Adolescent ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Smell ; COVID-19/complications* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Incidence ; Olfaction Disorders/etiology* ; Taste Disorders/etiology* ; Prognosis

Objective:To fulfill the automatic radiolabeling of the norepinephrine transporter (NET) trancer 18F-meta-fluorobenzylguanidine (mFBG), and explore the 18F-mFBG PET/CT imaging effect of pheochromocytoma. Methods:On the basis of the chemical structure of mFBG, a spirocyclic iodonium ylide was used as the precursor to undergo a 3-step reaction sequence (radiofluorination, deprotection and neutralization) on AllinOne synthesis module. Purification by high performance liquid chromatography and formulation were conducted to generate 18F-mFBG. The corresponding quality control tests of 18F-mFBG product was performed. Afterwards, a postoperative patient with pheochromocytoma underwent 18F-mFBG PET/CT imaging. Results:The radiosynthesis was accomplished within 70 min, and 18F-mFBG was obtained in (17.8±2.4)% non-decay-corrected radiochemical yield ( n=5), with radiochemical purity >97% and molar activity >59.2 GBq/μmol. Sterility test, bacterial endotoxins test, abnormal toxicity test and the acetonitrile residue all met the requirements of Pharmacopoeia of the People′ s Republic of China (2020 Volume Ⅳ). The 18F-mFBG PET/CT imaging disclosed high uptake in pheochromocytoma and clear localization of lesions. Conclusions:The automatic radiolabeling of the NET targeted tracer 18F-mFBG is successfully realized by commercially available synthesis module, and the production quality meets all requirements for clinical translation. 18F-mFBG has a potential to image neuroendocrine lesions in clinical setting.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the causes of graft loss in kidney transplant recipients. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 135 recipients with graft loss after renal transplantation in the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 1, 2002 to January 1, 2022. RESULTS: A total of 135 kidney transplant recipients experienced graft failure. The causes of graft loss included graft rejection (70 cases, 51.8%), death of the recipients with functional graft (37 cases, 27.4%), surgical complications (12 cases, 8.9%), drug toxicity (4 cases, 3.0%), carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infection (4 cases, 3.0%), polyoma BK virus-related nephropathy (3 cases, 2.2%), primary nonfunctioning kidney (2 cases, 1.5%), recurrence of primary disease (2 cases, 1.5%), and prerenal acute renal failure (1 case, 0.7%). CONCLUSION The main cause of graft loss after renal transplantation is graft rejection, and the secondary cause is death of the recipient with functional graft, and other reasons can be rare.
Humans ; Graft Rejection ; Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects* ; Retrospective Studies