Prescription optimization is a crucial aspect in the study of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） compounds. In recent years， the introduction of mathematical methods， data mining techniques， and artificial neural networks has provided new tools for elucidating the compatibility rules of TCM compounds. The study of TCM compounds involves numerous variables， including the proportions of different herbs， the specific extraction parts of each ingredient， and the interactions among multiple components. These factors together create a complex nonlinear dose-effect relationship. In this context， it is essential to identify methods that suit the characteristics of TCM compounds and can leverage their advantages for effective application in new drug development. This paper provided a comprehensive review of the cutting-edge optimization experimental design methods applied in recent studies of TCM compound compatibilities. The key technical issues， such as the optimization of source material selection， dosage optimization of compatible herbs， and multi-objective optimization indicators， were discussed. Furthermore， the evaluation methods for component effects were summarized during the optimization process， so as to provide scientific and practical foundations for innovative research in TCM and the development of new drugs based on TCM compounds.

Objective To investigate the reproductive and developmental effects of Clothianidin in rats. Methods Clothianidin was administrated by diet to both parental and first filial (F 1) generations of rats at the dosages of 0, 30.51, 110.84 and 304.26 mg/(kg·d) in females, and 0, 26.45, 92.69 and 279.42 mg/(kg·d) in males. Clothianidin was administered through diet to male and female rats for 8 weeks before mating. Clothianidin was administered to female rats in the parental and F1 generations during mating, gestation and lactation periods. During the test, toxicity performance was observed, reproduction index was calculated, and pathological examination was carried out. Results The body weights of rats in the parent and F1 generations in the high-dose group were lower than those in the control group during pre-mating exposure and at various time points during pregnancy and lactation (P<0.05). The pregnancy rates of parental and F1 generations in the high-dose group were lower than those of the control group (48.57% vs 71.43%, 45.71% vs 80.00%, P＜0. 05). Sperm concentration and sperm motility of the parental generation were lower than those of the control group [(42.55±12.87) vs (53.84±7.65) ×106/ml, (58.94±10.59) vs (65.59±6.03), （P＜0.05）]. Sperm concentration and sperm motility of the F1 generation were lower than those of the control group [(41.64±12.42) vs (53.09±9.48), (55.13±9.19) vs (64.53±6.31), (P＜0.05). Conclusion Exposure to clothianidin has reproductive toxicity to Wistar rats, and the no-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) in the two-generation reproductive toxicity test is 92.69 mg/kg·BW for males and 110.84 mg/kg·BW for females in Wistar rats.

Abstract Prevention and control of myopia requires comprehensive measures. Based on the system established earlier, the system is revised and upgraded. The original system emphasizes comprehensive measures and proposes to focus on both the symptoms and root causes. These measures are summarized into six aspects, three address the root cause measures including health education, glasses optics and visual environment, and three address symptoms measures including eye exercises, physical therapy and drugs. The paper is comprehensively supplemented and analyzes the primary and the secondary, and promotes physical therapy from treating the symptoms to treat both the symptoms and the root causes. These improvement measures will help promote the prevention and control of myopia in children and adolescents.

Objective: To investigate the association between physical activity frequency and anxiety/depression symptoms among college students in Jiangxi Province, so as to provide a basis for the physical and mental health development of adolescents. Methods: From July to October 2023, 5 761 college students from 11 colleges and universities in Jiangxi Province were selected by convenience sampling to conduct an online questionnaire survey regarding physical activity and mental health. Anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms were assessed by General Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 and Patient Health Questionnaires-9, respectively. Contingency table was used to analyze the distribution of different anxiety and depression symptoms by physical activity frequency, and ordered Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between physical activity frequency with anxiety and depressive symptoms, and stratified analysis was performed based on gender. Results: The detection rate of anxiety symptoms of college students was 43.6% ( n =2 513), and the detection rate of depression symptoms was 63.9% ( n =3 682). There were significant differences in the detection rate of anxiety and depression symptoms among different gender and physical activity frequency groups ( χ 2=15.98, 106.32; 30.65, 150.88, P <0.05). The detection rates of severe anxiety and depression symptoms of male and female who never exercise were higher (severe anxiety: 6.1% for male and 5.2% for female, severe depression: 8.7% for male and 7.4% for female).The results of ordered Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with college students who never exercised, male college students who were physically active almost every day were negatively correlated with mild anxiety and moderate depression symptoms ( OR=0.53，0.33，P <0.05). In addition, male college students who do physical activity 3-4 times a week were negatively correlated with moderate depressive symptoms ( OR =0.43), while male college students who do physical activity 1-2 times a week were negatively correlated with severe depressive symptoms ( OR =0.21) ( P <0.05). Physical activity was negatively correlated with different degress of anxiety and depression symptoms in female college students (anxiety: OR =0.27-0.74, depression: OR =0.18-0.75, P < 0.05). Conclusions The frequency of physical activity in college students (especially female college students) is negatively correlated with anxiety and depressive symptoms. It is suggested to improve the frequency of physical activity to promote physical and mental health.

Objective To summarize the experience of multi-disciplinary team(MDT)in the pediatric department of Qujing Maternal and Child Health Hospital,and to evaluate the effectiveness of MDT on neonatal brain injury.Methods The clinical data of children with brain injury and treated in the pediatrics department of Qujing Maternal and Child Health Hospital from November 2019 to April 2023 were collected.The children with brain injury and treated from October 2019 to June 2020 were regarded as the non-MDT group,and the children with brain injury and treated from July 2020 to April 2023 were regarded as the MDT group for comparative analysis.Chi-square test/t-test was used to compare and analyze the clinical data of the two groups.Results Among the 890 cases of pediatric brain injury,there were 519 males and 371 females.The median and quartiles of the age distribution for the two groups were as follows:MDT group 2.00(0.82,5.00)years and non-MDT group 1.00(1.00,4.00)years.Craniocerebral injury was the main type of brain injury in both groups,in addition,among children with craniocerebral injury and intracranial hemorrhage,the cure rate of MDT group was higher than that of non-MDT group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Among the 405 children in MDT group,154(38.0%)underwent the surgery,while among the 485 children in non-MDT group,121(24.9%)underwent the surgery.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).23.2% of children in MDT group were in critical condition during the hospitalization,which was significantly lower than that in non-MDT group(30.5%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The unhealed rate of MDT group(2.0%)was also significantly lower than that of non-MDT group(5.6%),the cure rate of MDT group(40.5%)was significantly higher than that of non-MDT group(34.4%),and there was a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The expense of treatment,medicine and sanitary materials in MDT group were lower than those in non-MDT group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The multivariate Logistic regression model analysis of the cure rate of children with brain injury showed that the MDT model could effectively improve the cure rate of children with brain injury(RR = 1.513,95% CI = 1.134-2.020).The results of multiple linear regression model analysis showed that there was no statistical difference in the effect of MDT on the actual hospitalization days of children(P>0.05).Conclusion Using MDT model to diagnose and treat children with brain injury is helpful to improve the cure rate,reduce the risk of children's disease aggravation,and achieve the significant therapeutic effects in children with brain injury.MDT model is worth popularizing and applying in children with brain injury.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the inhibitory effect and mechanism of 5,6-dimethylxanthe-none-4-acetic acid(DMXAA)on metastasis of Lewis lung cancer(LLC)in mice.METHODS The inhibi-tory effect of DMXAA on tumor metastasis was analyzed via an LLC xenograft tumor model and LLC metastatic tumor model.The mice of LLC xenograft tumor model were randomly divided into three groups:model group(physiological saline containing 1%DMSO,ip,once every two days),model+suni-tinib group(30 mg·kg-1,ip,once every two days),and model+DMXAA group(25 mg·kg-1,ip,once).Tumor volume and body mass were measured once every two days after administration.Two and five days after administration,tumor mass was measured by sacrificing the mice,followed by immunofluores-cence staining of tumor tissues.Platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1(CD31)and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)were used to analyze the vascular structure of tumor tissues.The tumor hypoxia level was detected using the hypoxia probe pimonidazole staining.The mice of LLC metastatic tumor model were randomly divided into three groups:model group(physiological saline containing 1%DMSO,ip,twice a week),model+sunitinib group(60 mg·kg-1,ip,twice a week),and model+DMXAA group(25 mg·kg-1,ip,once).At the Two and five weeks after administration,the in vivo tumor growth and metastasis were observed and quantified using a small animal live imaging system.RESULTS Compared with the model group,the tumor volume and mass of the model+sunitinib group and model+ DMXAA group were significantly reduced(P<0.05,P<0.01),and DMXAA took effect faster and more significantly than sunitinib.At the same time,compared with the model group,the body mass in the model+sunitinib group decreased significantly(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in body mass the model+DMXAA group.Compared with the model group,model+sunitinib had no effect on tumor metastasis,but model+DMXAA significantly reduced tumor metastasis two weeks after administration(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the coverage rate of α-SMA/CD31 in the model+sunitinib group and model+DMXAA group increased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,there was no significant change in the tumor hypoxia area in the model+sunitinib group,but this in the model+DMXAA group decreased significantly(P<0.01).CONCLUSION DMXAA significantly inhibits the growth and metastasis of LLC in mice,and its mechanism may be related to its improvement of tumor vascular normalization and hyposic microenvironments.

With the progress of society,the global development of scientific and technical research activities,and the increasing number of medical Institutional Review Board(IRB)review projects,the construction and management of electronic informatization have become extremely important.In the process of electronic information construction in institutional ethics review,it is necessary to take into account the new policy of ethical governance of science and technology,consider the system and standard operating procedures of IRB,and develop reasonable processes based on practical work,simplify manual operation,improve the accuracy of project management,achieve refined management,and facilitate communication among researchers,ethics committee secretaries,and members.

Osteoporotic proximal humeral fracture (OPHF) is one of the common osteoporotic fractures in the aged, with an incidence only lower than vertebral compression fracture, hip fracture, and distal radius fracture. OPHF, secondary to osteoporosis and characterized by poor bone quality, comminuted fracture pattern, slow healing, and severely impaired shoulder joint function, poses a big challenge to the current clinical diagnosis and treatment. In the field of diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of OPHF, traditional Chinese and Western medicine have accumulated rich experience and evidence from evidence-based medicine and achieved favorable outcomes. However, there is still a lack of guidance from a relevant consensus as to how to integrate the advantages of the two medical systems and achieve the integrated diagnosis and treatment. To promote the diagnosis and treatment of OPHF with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, relevant experts from Orthopedic Expert Committee of Geriatric Branch of Chinese Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Youth Osteoporosis Group of Orthopedic Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Osteoporosis Group of Orthopedic Surgeon Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and Osteoporosis Committee of Shanghai Association of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine have been organized to formulate Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporotic proximal humeral fracture with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine ( version 2024) by searching related literatures and based on the evidences from evidence-based medicine. This consensus consists of 13 recommendations about the diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of OPHF with integrated traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, aimed at standardizing, systematizing, and personalizing the diagnosis and treatment of OPHF with integrated traditional Chinse and Western medicine to improve the patients ′ function.

Objective To investigate the effect of CXXC finger protein 4 (CXXC4) on the proliferation and apoptosis of pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells.Methods The expression level of CXXC4 in pancreatic canc-er tissues and its relationship with prognosis and clinicopathological stage of the patients were analyzed in on-line databases.The qRT-PCR technique was used to detect the mRNA expression level of CXXC4 in human normal pancreatic ductal epithelial cell line (HPNE) and pancreatic cancer cell PANC-1,AsPC-1 and BxPC-3. si-NC,si-CXXC4,pcDNA3.1 and pCDNA3.1-CXXC4 were respectively transfected into PANC-1 cells.West-ern blot was conducted to detect the effectiveness of CXXC4 knockdown and overexpression.CCK-8,colony formation,EdU and immunofluorescence assays were conducted to analyze the effect of CXXC4 knockdown or overexpression on the proliferation and apoptosis of PANC-1 cells.The bioinformatic websites was used to predict the upstream microRNA (miRNA) of CXXC4.The Starbase database was adopted to analyze the cor-relation between miR-450b-5p and CXXC4 expression in pancreatic cancer tissues.Results The TCGA data-base results showed that the expression of CXXC4 in pancreatic cancer tissues was lowly expressed compared with in paracancerous pancreatic tissues (P<0.001),moreover which was associated with the overall survival and poor prognosis in the patients with pancreatic cancer (P<0.05).The GEPIA database analysis results showed that compared with stage Ⅰ pancreatic cancer,the CXXC4 expression in stage Ⅱ pancreatic cancer was decreased (P<0.05).Compared with HPNE cells,the CXXC4 expression in 3 kinds of pancreatic cancer cells was decreased (P<0.05).Compared with the si-NC group,the proliferation and colony formation ability of PANC-1 cells in the si-CXXC4 group were enhanced,the expressions of proliferation markers Ki67 and PC-NA were increased,and the expressions of apoptosis markers Bax,caspase-3 and caspase-9 were decreased;compared with the pcDNA3.1 group,the PANC-1 cells in the pcDNA3.1-CXXC4 group obtained the opposite results (all P<0.05).The bioinformatic websites predicted that miR-450b-5p was the upstream miRNA of CXXC4,CXXC4 in pancreatic cancer tissues was negatively correlated with the miR-450b-5p expression (r=-0.227) and miR-450b-5p in various mammalian species was highly conserved.Conclusion CXXC4 inhibits the proliferation of PANC-1 cells in pancreatic cancer and promotes theirs apoptosis.

Long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)is a class of endogenous non-coding RNA with a length of more than 200 nt.Due to lack of open reading frame(ORF),they lack the ability to directly encode proteins,but they play a crucial role in gene regulation.They are widely involved in epigenetics,transcription,translation,modification and degradation,thereby affecting the life activities of the body,and their expression imbalance is closely related to the occurrence and development of diseases.Therefore,analyzing the inherent characteristics of lncRNA and revealing its intrinsic role can not only deepen our understanding of human physiological and pathological processes,but also provide new ideas and potential solutions for the diagnosis,prevention and treatment of diseases.So as to provide references for the related research of lncRNAs.