AIM: To detect the distribution and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in radiation retinopathy(RR)through fluorescence targeted imaging.METHODS:Covalent binding of fluorescein FITC with VEGF antibody ranibizumab to prepare targeted fluorescent imaging probe ranibizumab-FITC. SD rats were randomly divided into three groups based on the principle of weight balance: a normal control group(Con group), a low-dose radiation group(10 Gy group), and a high-dose radiation group(30 Gy group). Medical linear accelerators and lead blocks were used to locally irradiate the rat eyeballs for modeling. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to detect the expression levels of VEGF-A in each group and to screen for appropriate modeling dose. The inverted fluorescence microscope and the confocal microscope were used to observe the distribution of VEGF and imaging probes in the retinas of control and RR model group rats, and to verify the effectiveness of targeted probes.RESULTS:The expression level of VEGF-A in the retina of rats in the high-dose radiation group(30 Gy group)was higher than that in the normal control group(Con group). In early RR, VEGF expression was observed to be associated with microaneurysms and abnormal microvessels in the retina. VEGF accumulation was observed at the site of capillary wall damage. When retinal capillary endothelial damage occurred, targeted probes gathered on the outer surface of the vessel wall.CONCLUSION:The expression level of VEGF in the retina of RR model rats is elevated, and fluorescent targeted molecular imaging probes can detect the spatial distribution of VEGF at the microvascular lesions in the retina of RR rats.

Hepatic fibrosis is a reversible pathological process in various chronic liver diseases and is closely associated with the development and progression of severe liver diseases such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma， and it has emerged as a significant global health challenge. In recent years， studies have shown that histone lactylation， a newly discovered epigenetic modification， actively participates in regulating the progression of hepatic fibrosis. This article systematically reviews the core regulatory effect of histone lactylation modification in the interaction between inflammatory microenvironment and hepatic fibrosis， in order to clarify the cascade regulatory mechanism of “inflammation-hepatic fibrosis” and provide new insights for early diagnosis， targeted intervention， and prevention of malignant transformation in hepatic fibrosis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of isoacteoside on the replication process of respiratory syncytial virus （RSV） and its underlying mechanism. MethodsRSV-infected HEp-2 cells （control group） were treated with isoacteoside （isoacteoside-treated group）. Real-time quantitative PCR （qPCR） was used to analyze the mRNA expression levels of the RSV fusion protein （F） gene and matrix protein （M） gene in both groups. Viral titers were determined by plaque assay to assess the inhibitory effect of isoacteoside on viral replication. The number of RSV inclusion bodies formed was determined using cell transfection and laser confocal imaging to evaluate the role of isoacteoside in the formation of inclusion bodies required for RSV replication. 18 seven-week-old female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into three groups： uninfected control group （n=6）， RSV-infected group （n=6）， and RSV-infected group treated with isoacteoside （n=6）. 5 days after infection， the mice were euthanized and lung tissues were collected for pathological analysis to assess the therapeutic effects of isoacteoside on RSV-induced lung tissue injury. ResultsCompared to the control group， the isoacteoside-treated group exhibited the reduced mRNA levels of the RSV F gene （t=17.13， P<0.001） and M gene （t=18.22， P<0.001）， as well as a decrease in viral titer （t=15.32， P<0.001）. The number of inclusion bodies was also significantly reduced （t=16.12， P<0.001）. In the RSV-infected mouse experiment， compared to the RSV-infected group， the isoacteoside-treated group showed a decrease in the levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-4 （t=14.76， P<0.01） and IL-6 （t=21.13， P<0.001） in lung tissues， as well as decreased mRNA levels of the viral load-associated genes F （t=19.52， P<0.001） and M （t=18.76， P<0.001） in lung tissues. Pathological damage to lung tissue caused by RSV infection was alleviated. ConclusionIsoacteoside inhibits RSV replication by interfering with the formation of RSV inclusion bodies and alleviates lung tissue injury induced by RSV infection in mice.

Liver fibrosis is a critical pathological process in the progression of chronic liver diseases and is mainly driven by the activation of hepatic stellate cells， and it is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix. Programmed cell death is widely observed in liver fibrosis and plays diverse roles in different types of cells. It is not only a mechanism for maintaining cellular homeostasis through metabolism， but it can also regulate the development and progression of diseases. Ferroptosis has recently emerged as a research focus due to its close association with lipid metabolism. This article systematically reviews the related concepts of lipid metabolism， ferroptosis， and liver fibrosis， analyzes the bridging role and dual regulatory function of ferroptosis in lipid metabolism and liver fibrosis， and further highlights the clinical application value of targeting ferroptosis in hepatic stellate cells for the treatment of liver fibrosis， in order to provide new perspectives for the mechanistic studies on liver fibrosis and the optimization of related clinical intervention strategies.

Objective To construct large medical model named by "Huaxi HongYi"and explore its application effectiveness in assisting medical record generation. Methods By the way of a full-chain medical large model construction paradigm of "data annotation - model training - scenario incubation", through strategies such as multimodal data fusion, domain adaptation training, and localization of hardware adaptation, "Huaxi HongYi" with 72 billion parameters was constructed. Combined with technologies such as speech recognition, knowledge graphs, and reinforcement learning, an application system for assisting in the generation of medical records was developed. Results Taking the assisted generation of discharge records as an example, in the pilot department, after using the application system, the average completion times of writing a medical records shortened (21 min vs. 5 min) with efficiency increased by 3.2 time, the accuracy rate of the model output reached 92.4%. Conclusion It is feasible for medical institutions to build independently controllable medical large models and incubate various applications based on these models, providing a reference pathway for artificial intelligence development in similar institutions.

Objective:To investigate the early clinical outcomes of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) in the treatment of two-segment cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) using a cervical soft endoscopic minimally invasive system.Methods:A retrospective follow-up study was conducted on the medical records of 23 patients with two-segment cervical myelopathy who underwent ACDF using a soft endoscopic cervical spine minimally invasive system at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University between October 2022 and December 2023. The cohort included 15 males and 8 females, aged 37-79 years (58.52±11.77 years). The affected cervical segments included: C 3, 4 and C 4, 5 in 2 cases; C 3, 4 and C 5, 6 in 3 cases; C 4, 5 and C 5, 6 in 10 cases; C 5, 6 and C 6, 7 in 7 cases; and C 4, 5 and C 6, 7 in 1 case. Clinical outcomes were evaluated based on the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores and visual analog scale (VAS) for neck and shoulder pain, assessed preoperatively and at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively. Additional data recorded included incision length, intraoperative blood loss, operative time, postoperative complications, and the presence of prevertebral soft tissue edema. The improvement rate of JOA scores at the final follow-up was also calculated. Results:All patients successfully underwent surgery and completed follow-up, with follow-up durations ranging from 3 to 6 months (4.01±0.98 months). The mean operative time was 80.09±22.66 min (range: 53-127 min), and the mean incision length was 3.25±0.32 cm (range: 3-4 cm). Estimated blood loss ranged from 10 to 100 ml, with a mean of 34.78±24.1 ml. Postoperative drainage ranged from 0 to 80 ml (mean: 23.13±26.1 ml), and postoperative hospitalization durations ranged from 4 to 12 days (6.83±2.59 days). JOA scores improved significantly from a preoperative median of 9.00(8.00, 10.00) to 12.00(11.00, 14.00) at 1 week, 13.00(12.00, 14.00) at 1 month, and 15.00(15.00, 16.00) at 3 months postoperatively (χ 2=220.492, P<0.001). VAS scores for neck and shoulder pain also improved significantly from a preoperative median of 5.00(4.00, 6.00) to 3.00(2.00, 3.00) at 1 week, 2.00(2.00, 3.00) at 1 month, and 2.00(1.00, 2.00) at 3 months postoperatively (χ 2=170.869, P<0.001). No postoperative complications such as dysphagia, hoarseness, nerve injury, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, or intraspinal hematoma were observed. Imaging revealed no significant prevertebral soft tissue edema. At the final follow-up, the improvement rate of JOA scores resulted in 14 cases rated as excellent and 9 as good. Conclusions:ACDF using a cervical soft endoscopic minimally invasive system demonstrates satisfactory clinical outcomes for the treatment of two-segment CSM. This technique reduces the incidence of common complications associated with both open and traditional endoscopic surgeries.

Objective This study aimed to explore the feasibility of using a long short-term memory(LSTM)model based on empirical mode decomposition(EMD)and singular spectrum analysis(SSA)to predict the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Shanxi Province.The goal was to provide a reliable prediction method to support the prevention and control of tuberculosis epidemics in the region.Methods Collecting and collating monthly data on the reported incidence of tuberculosis nationwide from January 2007 to December 2018.The LSTM、EMD-LSTM、SSA-LSTM models were established using the reported monthly incidence of tuberculosis reported in Shanxi Province from January 2007 to December 2017 as the training set and using the reported monthly incidence of tuberculosis from January to December 2018 as the test set.Mean squared error(MSE),mean absolute error(MAE),root mean squared error(RMSE),and mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)were used to evaluate the prediction effect of the models to determine the best model.Results The MSE,MAE,RMSE and MAPE of the EMD-LSTM model in predicting the incidence trend of pulmonary tuberculosis in the next year were 0.036,0.140,0.189 and 0.045,respectively.Compared with the LSTM model,the prediction performance increased by 66.36%,38.33%,42.38%and 41.56%,respectively.Compared with the SSA-LSTM model,it improved by 28.00%,9.68%,15.25%and 16.67%,respectively.Conclusion Compared with the single LSTM model,the fitting and prediction performance of EMD-LSTM and SSA-LSTM models are improved effectively.However,the prediction effect of EMD-LSTM model is better than that of SSA-LSTM model.Therefore,the EMD-LSTM model is more suitable for predicting the incidence trend of pulmonary tuberculosis in Shanxi Province,and can provide a theoretical basis for tuberculosis prevention and control policies.

An ideal dermal filler should integrate filling, repair, and anti-aging effects, with immediate tissue augmentation, slow degradation, and progressive stimulation of collagen regeneration. However, commonly used hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels, while effective for rapid filling, suffer from limited duration of support, weak cell adhesion, and an inability to promote collagen regeneration. Silk fibroin (SF), a natural protein from silkworm cocoons, is known for its excellent cell adhesion and collagen-stimulating abilities. However, its limited gelation capability restricts its potential application as a standalone injectable hydrogel. Based on a complementary strategy, this study combines the rapid gelling properties of HA with the collagen regenerative properties of SF to create a co-crosslinked HA-SF hydrogel. The composite hydrogel merges HA's rapid filling effect with SF's strong tissue adhesion and collagen-stimulating abilities. The formulation, physicochemical properties, degradation, biocompatibility, and filling effects of the HA-SF hydrogel were systematically investigated. HA-SF hydrogel exhibits excellent mechanical properties and ensures long-term support while maintaining injectability. Interestingly, after intradermal injection in the UVB-induced photoaging model, HA-SF hydrogel not only enhances hydrogel-cell interaction but also continues to stimulate collagen regeneration, especially type III collagen. This dual action achieves the biological effects of repair and anti-aging while maintaining the filling effect. Proteomic analysis confirms that repair and anti-aging effects are enhanced by the regulation of skin fibroblasts and modulation of amino acid and lipid metabolism. This composite hydrogel holds strong promise for clinical applications, offering a safer, long-lasting, and more natural injectable filler that combines filling, repair, and anti-aging into one system.

Objective This study aimed to explore the feasibility of using a long short-term memory(LSTM)model based on empirical mode decomposition(EMD)and singular spectrum analysis(SSA)to predict the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Shanxi Province.The goal was to provide a reliable prediction method to support the prevention and control of tuberculosis epidemics in the region.Methods Collecting and collating monthly data on the reported incidence of tuberculosis nationwide from January 2007 to December 2018.The LSTM、EMD-LSTM、SSA-LSTM models were established using the reported monthly incidence of tuberculosis reported in Shanxi Province from January 2007 to December 2017 as the training set and using the reported monthly incidence of tuberculosis from January to December 2018 as the test set.Mean squared error(MSE),mean absolute error(MAE),root mean squared error(RMSE),and mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)were used to evaluate the prediction effect of the models to determine the best model.Results The MSE,MAE,RMSE and MAPE of the EMD-LSTM model in predicting the incidence trend of pulmonary tuberculosis in the next year were 0.036,0.140,0.189 and 0.045,respectively.Compared with the LSTM model,the prediction performance increased by 66.36%,38.33%,42.38%and 41.56%,respectively.Compared with the SSA-LSTM model,it improved by 28.00%,9.68%,15.25%and 16.67%,respectively.Conclusion Compared with the single LSTM model,the fitting and prediction performance of EMD-LSTM and SSA-LSTM models are improved effectively.However,the prediction effect of EMD-LSTM model is better than that of SSA-LSTM model.Therefore,the EMD-LSTM model is more suitable for predicting the incidence trend of pulmonary tuberculosis in Shanxi Province,and can provide a theoretical basis for tuberculosis prevention and control policies.

Objective To explore the prognostic value and immune effects of insulin-like growth factor family 2(IGFL2)in bladder cancer based on data from TCGA,TIMER2.0 and HPA.Methods Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to analyze the expression of IGFL2 in bladder cancer and its relationship with survival and prognosis of bladder cancer patients.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve and prognostic nomogram were plotted to analyze the diagnostic value of IGFL2 for bladder cancer and its ability to predict the 5-year overall survival rate of patients.IGFL2-related signaling pathways were analyzed with GSEA enrichment.The correlation between IGFL2 expression and immune cells was analyzed based on data from the TIMER database.Results IGFL2 was highly expressed in bladder cancer(P＜0.001).The high expression of IGFL2 was positively correlated with patients'age,pathological stage,histological grade and T stage(all P＜0.05).Patients'with high IGFL2 expression had shorter overall survival and disease-specific survival than those with low IGFL2 expression(all P＜0.05).IGFL2 could be used as an independent prognostic factor for bladder cancer with good diagnostic and predictive value.GSEA enrichment analysis showed that IGFL2 was involved in signaling pathways related to immunity,inflammation and tumor.High IGFL2 expression was positively correlated with the infiltration of most immune cells.Conclusion IGFL2 is highly expressed in bladder cancer and can be a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of this disease.It may become a potential target for immunotherapy.