OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors （ICIs） combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of early triple-negative breast cancer （TNBC）. METHODS Randomized controlled trials （RCTs） comparing ICIs combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy （experimental group） versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone （control group） were retrieved from PubMed， Cochrane Library， Embase， Web of Science， CNKI， Wanfang Data， and VIP databases， as well as relevant studies published at oncology academic conferences. The search period was from database inception to June 30， 2025. After literature screening， data extraction， and quality assessment， a meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.4 software. RESULTS A total of 6 RCTs involving 3 786 patients were finally included. The meta-analysis results showed that the experimental group had superior event-free survival [HR＝0.73， 95%CI （0.62， 0.85）， P＜0.000 1]， overall survival [HR＝0.69， 95%CI （0.57， 0.84）， P＝0.000 3]， and pathological complete response （pCR） [OR＝1.57， 95%CI （1.37， 1.80）， P＜0.000 01] compared to the control group. The incidence of ≥grade 3 adverse event （AE）， severe AE （SAE）， and ≥ grade 3 immune-related adverse event （irAE） in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of any AE or any irAE （P＞0.05）. Subgroup analysis revealed that， regardless of programmed cell death ligand 1 expression status （negative or positive），the pCR in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group （P＜0.05）. Additionally， the pCR of the patients with positive lymph nodes in the experimental group was significantly higher to that in the ontrol group （P＜0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in pCR between the two groups with negative lymph nodes （P＝0.09）. CONCLUSIONS ICIs combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy can significantly improve event-free survival and overall survival in patients with TNBC， providing patients with long-term survival benefits. However， the risk of ≥ grade 3 AE， SAE and ≥ grade 3 irAE has increased.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of autologous osteochondral tissue and periosteum transplantation on tendon-bone healing of rotator cuff in rabbits. METHODS: Twenty-four male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into autologous osteochondral tissue and periosteum transplantation group (experimental group, n=12) and simple suture group (control group, n=12). Both groups were subjected to acute supraspinatus tendon injury and repaired with corresponding techniques. At 4, 8, and 12 weeks after operation, 4 specimens from each group were taken from the right shoulder joint for histological examination (HE staining, Masson staining, and Safranin O-fast green staining), and the left shoulder was subjected to biomechanical tests (maximum tensile load and stiffness). RESULTS: Both groups of animals survived until the completion of the experiment after operation. At 4 weeks after operation, both groups showed less collagen fibers and disorder at the tendon-bone junction. At 8 weeks, both groups showed reduced inflammation at the tendon-bone junction, with more organized and denser collagen fibers and chondrocytes. The experimental group showed better results than the control group. At 12 weeks, the experimental group showed typical tendon-bone transition structure, with increased generation of collagen fibers and chondrocytes, and the larger cartilage staining area. Both groups showed an increase in maximum tensile load and stiffness over time ( P<0.05). The stiffness at 4 weeks and the maximum tensile load at 4, 8, and 12 weeks in the experimental group were superior to control group, and the differences were significant ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in stiffness at 8, 12 weeks between the two groups ( P>0.05). CONCLUSION Autologous osteochondral tissue and periosteum transplantation can effectively promote the fiber and cartilage regeneration at the tendon-bone junction of rotator cuff and improve the biomechanical effect of shoulder joint in rabbits.
Animals ; Rabbits ; Male ; Wound Healing ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Periosteum/transplantation* ; Rotator Cuff Injuries ; Rotator Cuff/surgery* ; Tendons/surgery* ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Chondrocytes/transplantation* ; Tendon Injuries/surgery* ; Tensile Strength

Personalized drug response prediction from molecular data is an important challenge in precision medicine for treating cancer. Computational methods have been widely explored and have become increasingly accurate in recent years. However, the clinical application of prediction methods is still in its infancy due to large discrepancies between preclinial models and patients. We present a novel disentangled synthesis transfer network (DiSyn) for drug response prediction specifically designed for transfer learning from preclinical models to clinical patients. DiSyn uses a domain separation network (DSN) to disentangle drug response related features, employs data synthesis technology to increase the sample size and iteratively trains for better feature disentanglement. DiSyn is pretrained on large-scale unlabeled cancer samples and validated by three datasets, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Investigation of Serial Studies to Predict Your Therapeutic Response With Imaging And moLecular Analysis 2 (I-SPY2) and Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research Patient-Derived Xenograft Encyclopedia (NIBR PDXE), achieving competitive performance with the state-of-the-art methods on cancer patients and mice. Furthermore, the application of DiSyn to thousands of breast cancer patients show the heterogeneity in drug responses and demonstrate its potential value in biomarker discovery and drug combination prediction.

Objective:To investigate the role and possible mechanism of edaravone dexborneol in the prevention and control of patho-logical injury of brain tissue around hematoma after intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH).Methods:A total of 176 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group,ICH group,edaravone group,and edaravone dexborneol group,with 44 rats in each group.All rats except those in the sham-operation group were used to establish a rat model of acute ICH,and each group was further di-vided into 1-day,3-day,7-day,and 14-day subgroups according to the time of evaluation,with 11 rats in each subgroup.At 2 hours after modeling,drugs were administered via intraperitoneal injection,i.e.,6 ml/kg normal saline for the sham-operation group and the ICH group,6 mg/kg edaravone for the edaravone group,and 7.5 mg/kg edaravone dexborneol for the edaravone dexborneol group,fol-lowed by subsequent administration every 12 hours until day 14.The modified Neurological Severity Score(mNSS)was used to assess neurological function;the wet-dry weight method was used to measure the water content of brain tissue;the biochemical methods were used to measure nitric oxide(NO)and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in brain tissue around the hematoma;immunohistochemistry was used to measure the content of CD16 and CD206 in brain tissue around the hematoma.Results:The mNSS score on day 3(peak of the disease)was 0.6±0.5 for the sham-operation group,14.0±1.6 for the ICH group,9.8±0.8 for the edaravone group,and 10.4±1.1 for the edaravone dexborneol group,with a water content of 63.2±2.14,85.61±1.43,81.48±1.9,and 76.77±1.44,respectively,and the content of NO was 2.45±0.46,9.98±0.54,8.77±0.36,and 7.92±0.43,respectively;the content of T-AOC was 0.67±0.02,0.74±0.03,0.78±0.02,and 0.84±0.03,respectively;the content of CD16 was 143.8±15.82,3 673.81±166.33,2 970.74±132.75,and 2 521.69±140.74,respectively;the content of CD206 was 548.46±93.68,726±97.81,915.28±100.33,and 1 119.51±160.52,respectively.There were significant differences in these indica-tors between the edaravone dexborneol group and the other three groups(all P<0.05).Conclusion:Edaravone dexborneol can alleviate neurological deficit caused by ICH and exert a neuroprotective effect by reducing brain tissue edema around the hematoma,alleviating oxidative stress,and regulating the polarization of microglial cells.

Objective We aimed to explore the clinical efficacy of precise electro-acupuncture stimulation in the pterygopalatine fossa for the treatment of chronic sinusitis.Methods In total,40 patients with chronic sinusitis who visited the Xiyuan Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences between January 2022 and January 2023 were selected.The subjects were randomly divided into two groups:the treatment group(receiving precise electro-acupuncture in the pterygopalatine fossa)and the control group(receiving standard western medical treatment),with 20 cases in each groups.The treatments were administered twice a week for a period of 12 weeks.The effectiveness of the treatments was evaluated through computed tomography(CT)of the sinus changes and the Lund-Mackay scoring system.Results In cases of total opacity and partial opacity,there were significant differences between the two patient groups before and after treatment(P<0.05).Intra-group comparison revealed statistically significant improvements in both groups before and after treatment(P<0.05).The treatment group exhibited significant improvement in various sinus conditions(P<0.05),while in the control group,a significant improvement was only observed in the left maxillary sinus(P<0.05).Inter-group comparison also demonstrated that the treatment group's improvements were superior to those of the control group across multiple indicators(P<0.05).Conclusion The precise electro-acupuncture stimulation technique in the pterygopalatine fossa demonstrated significant therapeutic effects in the treatment of chronic sinusitis,with superior outcomes with respect to radiological changes compared to standard western medicine treatment.

Objective:To validate the morphological changes of the parieto-occipital sulcus on the transcalvarial axial plane between 20 and 32 weeks of gestation, simplify grade for assessing fetal parieto-occipital sulcus development, and confirm its clinical feasibility.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study analysis that included 550 cases of normal singleton fetuses between 20 and 32 weeks of gestation, who underwent routine ultrasound examinations at Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital from September 2019 to June 2022. The morphological changes of the bilateral parieto-occipital sulci on the transcalvarial axial plane were observed. The development of the parieto-occipital sulcus was classified into 6 grades based on the developmental features of angulation, progressive closure, and curvilinear growth: straight or shallow arcuate (Grade 0), shallow and wide V-shaped (Grade 1), deep and narrow V-shaped (Grade 2), Y-shaped (Grade 3), I-shaped (Grade 4), and curvilinear (Grade 5). The gestational age at examination and pregnancy outcomes were recorded. The distribution of gestational weeks for fetuses with different grades of parieto-occipital sulci on the left and right sides was analyzed. The symmetry between bilateral parieto-occipital sulcus gradings within individuals, as well as the inter-observer and intra-observer reliability were assessed using the Weighted Kappa coefficient. The gender differences in asymmetry of parieto-occipital sulci grades between the left and right sides was analyzed. Moreover, a model for predicting the grade of the parieto-occipital sulcus based on gestational week was established.Results:Grade for the left parieto-occipital sulcus was obtained for 549 fetuses, while grade for the right was obtained for 550 fetuses. From 20 to 32 weeks of gestation, the morphology of the fetal parieto-occipital sulcus was divided into Grade 0-5, progressing from low to high with gestational development. Grade 0 showed that the sulcus was not visible or only had a slight arcuate indentation, occurring at 20-22 weeks; Grade 1 presented as a shallow and wide "V" shape with an obtuse angle at the top, appearing from 20 to 27 weeks; Grade 2 was a deep and narrow "V" shape with an acute angle at the top, appearing from 24 to 29 weeks; Grade 3 appeared as a "Y" shape with the top part partially closed and the bottom still open, occurring between 26 to 30 weeks; Grade 4 was a fully closed "I" shape, appearing at 29-32 weeks; Grade 5 presented as a curved shape, indicating the parieto-occipital sulcus was approaching maturity, appearing from 31 to 32 weeks. There was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of gestational weeks for bilateral parieto-occipital sulcus developmental grade ( P>0.05). Bilateral parieto-occipital sulcus grade could be assessed in 549 fetuses, of which 43 cases (7.83%) exhibited grade asymmetry with a one-grade difference between sides; such asymmetry showed no significant difference between male and female genders ( P=0.647). The weighted kappa coefficient analysis results indicated a strong consistency in the development of the parieto-occipital sulci on both sides within individuals, generally demonstrating symmetrical development ( P<0.001). The intra-observer and inter-observer weighted kappa coefficients were 0.92 and 0.75, respectively, with good consistency. Conclusions:Prenatal ultrasound via the transcalvarial axial plane enables a preliminary and rapid assessment of the development of bilateral parieto-occipital sulci, facilitating early evaluation of fetal cortical maturation.

Objective To establish diagnostic criteria for dampness syndrome through scientific and normative research methods.Methods The basis for syndrome differentiation of dampness syndrome was comprehensively integrated through literature research and structured tools,and in-depth investigation was carried out on the connotation and extension of dampness syndrome,judgment basis and criteria construction through questionnaire surveys and consensus conference method.Results Thirty-six items for syndrome differentiation of dampness syndrome were obtained through literature research.Through the questionnaire surveys,some experts suggested that the diagnosis mode of dampness syndrome should be in line with the clinical practice requirements.Accordingly,we were deep in thought about the key issue of"how to establish accurate diagnostic criteria".After in-depth investigation,we found that the dampness syndrome had specific and sensitive indicators.And 11 specific and 19 sensitive indicators were determined.Furthermore,according to the experts'suggestions,the specific indicators were classified into three categories based on dampness characteristics.Meanwhile,we investigated the diagnosis attributes of Chinese medicine syndromes and summarized them into four corresponding modes.Based on this,specificity mode and similarity/consistency mode should be adopted for diagnostic criteria for dampness syndrome.In addition,the judgment form in accord with the diagnostic attributes of dampness syndrome was determined.Conclusion This diagnostic criteria can provide a basis for the clinical diagnosis of dampness syndrome.Besides,this study explored the diagnostic attributes of Chinese medicine syndromes,which could provide reference for the development of other Chinese medicine syndrome criteria.

Objective To form the in vitro diagnostic reagents(IVD)selection and optimization management plan and management database,and optimize the IVD management work.Methods Through the analysis of the policy background and the current management status of the IVD clinical laboratory in Beijing Hospital,the selection and optimization management plan for existing and newly applied laboratory IVD was formulated based on clinical needs.The IVD of the whole hospital was selected and optimized by combing projects,open bidding,innovative quotation methods,on-site review and other steps.The IVD management database and qualification database of Beijing Hospital was formed,and the effect from the aspects of compliance,work efficiency and cost control was evaluated.Results The selection and optimization of 1 737 IVDs in the whole hospital were completed according to the formulated IVD selection and optimization management plan.The implementation of management plan improved the work efficiency.The content of review in an average meeting was increased by more than 10 times,and the frequency of new applications for IVD access was accelerated,while the IVD cost was reduced,and the average purchase amount of the whole hospital was reduced by about 15％.The prices of key IVD products were lower after selection than before selection,and the difference was significant(t=2.493,P=0.034).Conclusion The management scheme of IVD selection and optimization was feasible,and it could achieve the goal of ensuring compliance,improving efficiency and reducing costs.

Objective To establish in vitro diagnostic(IVD)reagents closed-loop management scheme for the whole process and implement,and optimize the IVD management.Methods Based on the status quo of IVD management in Beijing Hospital,the closed-loop management scheme of the whole IVD process was designed,such as IVD application,IVD selection,IVD subscription,IVD purchase,IVD receipt,IVD inbound and outbound,and IVD use.Key indicators were selected to establish an evaluation framework.Management data,procurement data and testing data before(2020)and after(2023)implementation of the program were collected and counted by means of interviews and consulting relevant information systems,and then process management,quality management and cost management were evaluated.Results The management process was optimized,the IVD purchase time was shortened by about 60％on average,the IVD purchase did not need manual processing,the order was split in real time and sent to the corresponding supplier,and the IVD collection time was shortened by about 75％on average.IVD and test quality management were satisfactory,supplier qualification perfection reached 100％,full marks were obtained in the inter-room quality assessment,and no IVD-related adverse events were observed.The cost management was effective,and the IVD procurement cost was reduced by about 15％.IVD cost fine management models were established for four items,namely,human immunodeficiency virus antibody assay,hepatitis C antibody assay,treponemal antibody assay and hepatitis B surface antigen quantitative assay.The average value of IVD loss was 0.07％～1.21％,and the standard deviation was 0.07％～0.66％.Conclusion The IVD whole process closed-loop management scheme is feasible,which can improve the efficiency of IVD management,ensure the quality of IVD and detection,reduce the cost of IVD,and refine the cost management work.

Atherosclerosis(AS) is an important pathological feature of cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction,stroke and other highly fatal diseases. Phlegm and dampness are considered to be an important pathogenesis of AS,which is difficult to heal and can cause complications. The establishment of an animal model with AS and phlegm-dampness syndrome,which could reflect the features of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),and objective evaluation system are an important element of modern integrated TCM and western medicine research on cardiovascular diseases. It is of great significance for TCM to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases. This article summarizes the scientific connotations of traditional Chinese and western medicine for AS and phlegm-dampness syndrome,comprehensively summarizes the current status of construction and evaluation in experimental animal model,analyzes the problems of current model,and discusses the factors of model construction and evaluation. Our aim is to establish normalized and standardized animal model with AS of phlegm-dampness syndrome.