Background Maternal exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) during pregnancy is closely related to adverse growth and development conditions such as preterm birth and low birth weight, but the relevant mechanisms are still unclear. UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) can regulate the excretion of BPA conjugating with glucuronic acid through urine, which is one of the important pathways for BPA elimination. Objective To explore the changes in the expression of UGTs in placenta and fetal liver of rats before birth induced by maternal exposure to BPA during pregnancy. Methods Thirty SPF-grade healthy SD pregnant rats were randomly divided into five groups: control group, 0.05, 0.5, 5, and 50 mg·kg⁻¹ BPA groups. The pregnant rats were exposed to BPA dissolved in corn oil via oral gavage daily from gestational day (GD) 5 to GD 19. After anesthesia, the pregnant rats were sacrificed on GD 20 and the placentas were collected. Body length, tail length, and weight of the fetal rats were measured. Fetal liver tissues were then separated, and organ weights were measured. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot (WB) were used to determine the mRNA and protein levels of UGT1A1, UGT1A6, UGT1A9, and UGT2B1 in the placenta and fetal liver tissues in each group. Results There were no differences in body length and tail length of the pups after maternal exposure to BPA during pregnancy. The fetal body weight and placenta weight in the 5 and 50 mg·kg⁻¹ BPA groups and the liver weight in the 5 mg·kg⁻¹ BPA group reduced compared with the control group (P<0.05). The results of UGTs expressions in placenta showed that compared with the control group, the UGT1A1 mRNA levels in placenta of the BPA groups (exposure dose≥0.5 mg·kg⁻¹) and the UGT1A1 protein level in placenta of the 50 mg·kg⁻¹ BPA group increased (P<0.05); the UGT1A6 mRNA and protein levels in placenta of each BPA group did not change (P>0.05); the UGT1A9 mRNA level in placenta of the 50 mg·kg⁻¹ BPA group and the UGT1A9 protein levels in placenta of the BPA groups (exposure dose≥0.5 mg·kg⁻¹) reduced (P<0.05); while the levels of UGT2B1 mRNA in placenta of the BPA groups (exposure dose≥0.5 mg·kg⁻¹) reduced (P<0.05). The results of UGTs expressions in fetal liver showed that compared with the control group, the UGT1A1, UGT1A6, UGT1A9, and UGT2B1 mRNA levels of each BPA group increased (P<0.05); no obvious alternation was observed in UGT1A6 protein levels in each BPA group (P>0.05); the relative protein levels of UGT1A9 in fetal liver in the 50 mg·kg⁻¹ BPA group increased (P<0.05); conversely, the relative protein levels of UGT2B1 in fetal liver in the BPA groups (exposure dose≥0.5 mg·kg⁻¹) reduced (P<0.05). Conclusion Maternal exposure to BPA during pregnancy can elevate the UGT1A1 gene and protein expressions, inhibit the UGT1A9 gene and protein expressions and UGT2B1 gene expressions in placenta. Besides, maternal exposure to BPA during pregnancy can raise the gene expressions of UGT1A1, UGT1A6, UGT1A9, and UGT2B1 in fetal liver, as well as the protein expression of UGT1A9, but inhibit the protein expression of UGT2B1. These changes may contribute to fetal developmental abnormalities after maternal exposure to BPA during pregnancy.

Objective To explore the mechanism by which soybean isoflavone(SI)reduces calcium overload induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(I/R).Methods Forty-eight SD rats were randomized into 4 groups to receive sham operation,cerebral middle artery occlusion for 2 h followed by 24 h of reperfusion(I/R model group),or injection of adeno-associated virus carrying Frizzled-2 siRNA or empty viral vector into the lateral cerebral ventricle after modeling.Western blotting was used to examine Frizzled-2 knockdown efficiency and changes in protein expressions in the Wnt/Ca2+signaling pathway.Calcium levels and pathological changes in the ischemic penumbra(IP)were measured using calcium chromogenic assay and HE staining,respectively.Another 72 SD randomly allocated for sham operation,I/R modeling,or soy isoflavones pretreatment before modeling were examined for regional cerebral blood flow using a Doppler flowmeter,and the cerebral infarct volume was assessed using TTC staining.Pathologies in the IP area were evaluated using HE and Nissl staining,and ROS level,Ca2+level,cell apoptosis,and intracellular calcium concentration were analyzed using immunofluorescence assay or flow cytometry;the protein expressions of Wnt5a,Frizzled-2,and P-CaMK II in the IP were detected with Western blotting and immunohistochemistry.Results In rats with cerebral I/R,Frizzled-2 knockdown significantly lowered calcium concentration(P<0.001)and the expression levels of Wnt5a,Frizzled-2,and P-CaMK II in the IP area.In soy isoflavones-pretreated rats,calcium concentration,ROS and MDA levels,cell apoptosis rate,cerebral infarct volume,and expression levels of Wnt/Ca2+signaling pathway-related proteins were all significantly lower while SOD level was higher than those in rats in I/R model group.Conclusion Soy isoflavones can mitigate calcium overload in rats with cerebral I/R by inhibiting the Wnt/Ca2+signaling pathway.

Unicorn lotus is a plant tuber in the araceae family, which has therapeutic effects such as dispelling cold and dampness, dispelling wind and phlegm, and treating stroke. However, acute poisoning of fresh Unicorn lotus has been rarely reported domestically and internationally. This article reports a case of poisoning caused by chewing unicorn lotus. The patient experienced numbness in the lips, swelling and rupture of the oral cavity, continuous salivation, difficulty swallowing and obvious burning sensation in the throat, accompanied by shortness of breath and mild hypoxemia. After receiving comprehensive treatments such as oxygen therapy, electrocardiographic monitoring, cleaning of necrotic oral mucosa, anti infection, inhibition of oral salivary secretion, and nutritional support, the patient finally recovered and was discharged.

Unicorn lotus is a plant tuber in the araceae family, which has therapeutic effects such as dispelling cold and dampness, dispelling wind and phlegm, and treating stroke. However, acute poisoning of fresh Unicorn lotus has been rarely reported domestically and internationally. This article reports a case of poisoning caused by chewing unicorn lotus. The patient experienced numbness in the lips, swelling and rupture of the oral cavity, continuous salivation, difficulty swallowing and obvious burning sensation in the throat, accompanied by shortness of breath and mild hypoxemia. After receiving comprehensive treatments such as oxygen therapy, electrocardiographic monitoring, cleaning of necrotic oral mucosa, anti infection, inhibition of oral salivary secretion, and nutritional support, the patient finally recovered and was discharged.

Objective Summarize the key difficult problems faced by national regional medical centers,create a checklist of crucial issues,and propose strategic recommendations to support future development.Methods It employed a combination of literature review,field research,and in-depth interviews to develop an initial draft of the checklist for key issues in national regional medical centers.Additionally,two rounds of Delphi method consultation were conducted with experts from local government,exporting and supporting hospitals.The data gathered from the questionnaires in both rounds were analyzed,and essential questions were identified.Results The questionnaires achieved response rates of 99%and 100%in the two rounds,and the expert authority coefficients were 0.83 and 0.90.The final checklist for key issues in national regional medical centers encompassed a total of 6 problems.These included 3 challenges related to establishing sound management systems and mechanisms,1 challenge concerning human resource management improvement,1 challenge focusing on elevating medical service levels,and 1 challenge pertaining to other aspects of progress.Conclusion Currently,the development of national regional medical centers encounters crucial challenges,including the enhancement of management mechanisms,overall human resource management,and medical capabilities.The government should reinforce leadership assurance,coordination,and supervisory responsibilities.Exporting hospitals should enhance management systems and operational mechanisms.Supporting hospitals should focus on effective party building guidance and cooperation while consistently promoting the uniform development of national regional medical centers.

Objective Summarize the key difficult problems faced by national regional medical centers,create a checklist of crucial issues,and propose strategic recommendations to support future development.Methods It employed a combination of literature review,field research,and in-depth interviews to develop an initial draft of the checklist for key issues in national regional medical centers.Additionally,two rounds of Delphi method consultation were conducted with experts from local government,exporting and supporting hospitals.The data gathered from the questionnaires in both rounds were analyzed,and essential questions were identified.Results The questionnaires achieved response rates of 99%and 100%in the two rounds,and the expert authority coefficients were 0.83 and 0.90.The final checklist for key issues in national regional medical centers encompassed a total of 6 problems.These included 3 challenges related to establishing sound management systems and mechanisms,1 challenge concerning human resource management improvement,1 challenge focusing on elevating medical service levels,and 1 challenge pertaining to other aspects of progress.Conclusion Currently,the development of national regional medical centers encounters crucial challenges,including the enhancement of management mechanisms,overall human resource management,and medical capabilities.The government should reinforce leadership assurance,coordination,and supervisory responsibilities.Exporting hospitals should enhance management systems and operational mechanisms.Supporting hospitals should focus on effective party building guidance and cooperation while consistently promoting the uniform development of national regional medical centers.

Objective Summarize the key difficult problems faced by national regional medical centers,create a checklist of crucial issues,and propose strategic recommendations to support future development.Methods It employed a combination of literature review,field research,and in-depth interviews to develop an initial draft of the checklist for key issues in national regional medical centers.Additionally,two rounds of Delphi method consultation were conducted with experts from local government,exporting and supporting hospitals.The data gathered from the questionnaires in both rounds were analyzed,and essential questions were identified.Results The questionnaires achieved response rates of 99%and 100%in the two rounds,and the expert authority coefficients were 0.83 and 0.90.The final checklist for key issues in national regional medical centers encompassed a total of 6 problems.These included 3 challenges related to establishing sound management systems and mechanisms,1 challenge concerning human resource management improvement,1 challenge focusing on elevating medical service levels,and 1 challenge pertaining to other aspects of progress.Conclusion Currently,the development of national regional medical centers encounters crucial challenges,including the enhancement of management mechanisms,overall human resource management,and medical capabilities.The government should reinforce leadership assurance,coordination,and supervisory responsibilities.Exporting hospitals should enhance management systems and operational mechanisms.Supporting hospitals should focus on effective party building guidance and cooperation while consistently promoting the uniform development of national regional medical centers.

Objective Summarize the key difficult problems faced by national regional medical centers,create a checklist of crucial issues,and propose strategic recommendations to support future development.Methods It employed a combination of literature review,field research,and in-depth interviews to develop an initial draft of the checklist for key issues in national regional medical centers.Additionally,two rounds of Delphi method consultation were conducted with experts from local government,exporting and supporting hospitals.The data gathered from the questionnaires in both rounds were analyzed,and essential questions were identified.Results The questionnaires achieved response rates of 99%and 100%in the two rounds,and the expert authority coefficients were 0.83 and 0.90.The final checklist for key issues in national regional medical centers encompassed a total of 6 problems.These included 3 challenges related to establishing sound management systems and mechanisms,1 challenge concerning human resource management improvement,1 challenge focusing on elevating medical service levels,and 1 challenge pertaining to other aspects of progress.Conclusion Currently,the development of national regional medical centers encounters crucial challenges,including the enhancement of management mechanisms,overall human resource management,and medical capabilities.The government should reinforce leadership assurance,coordination,and supervisory responsibilities.Exporting hospitals should enhance management systems and operational mechanisms.Supporting hospitals should focus on effective party building guidance and cooperation while consistently promoting the uniform development of national regional medical centers.

Objective Summarize the key difficult problems faced by national regional medical centers,create a checklist of crucial issues,and propose strategic recommendations to support future development.Methods It employed a combination of literature review,field research,and in-depth interviews to develop an initial draft of the checklist for key issues in national regional medical centers.Additionally,two rounds of Delphi method consultation were conducted with experts from local government,exporting and supporting hospitals.The data gathered from the questionnaires in both rounds were analyzed,and essential questions were identified.Results The questionnaires achieved response rates of 99%and 100%in the two rounds,and the expert authority coefficients were 0.83 and 0.90.The final checklist for key issues in national regional medical centers encompassed a total of 6 problems.These included 3 challenges related to establishing sound management systems and mechanisms,1 challenge concerning human resource management improvement,1 challenge focusing on elevating medical service levels,and 1 challenge pertaining to other aspects of progress.Conclusion Currently,the development of national regional medical centers encounters crucial challenges,including the enhancement of management mechanisms,overall human resource management,and medical capabilities.The government should reinforce leadership assurance,coordination,and supervisory responsibilities.Exporting hospitals should enhance management systems and operational mechanisms.Supporting hospitals should focus on effective party building guidance and cooperation while consistently promoting the uniform development of national regional medical centers.

Objective Summarize the key difficult problems faced by national regional medical centers,create a checklist of crucial issues,and propose strategic recommendations to support future development.Methods It employed a combination of literature review,field research,and in-depth interviews to develop an initial draft of the checklist for key issues in national regional medical centers.Additionally,two rounds of Delphi method consultation were conducted with experts from local government,exporting and supporting hospitals.The data gathered from the questionnaires in both rounds were analyzed,and essential questions were identified.Results The questionnaires achieved response rates of 99%and 100%in the two rounds,and the expert authority coefficients were 0.83 and 0.90.The final checklist for key issues in national regional medical centers encompassed a total of 6 problems.These included 3 challenges related to establishing sound management systems and mechanisms,1 challenge concerning human resource management improvement,1 challenge focusing on elevating medical service levels,and 1 challenge pertaining to other aspects of progress.Conclusion Currently,the development of national regional medical centers encounters crucial challenges,including the enhancement of management mechanisms,overall human resource management,and medical capabilities.The government should reinforce leadership assurance,coordination,and supervisory responsibilities.Exporting hospitals should enhance management systems and operational mechanisms.Supporting hospitals should focus on effective party building guidance and cooperation while consistently promoting the uniform development of national regional medical centers.