Lung cancer represents as one of the most prevalent malignant tumors globally,necessitating the urgent identification of additional biomarkers to facilitate precise stratified treatment and elevate its survival rates.Previous studies have focused on the correlation between the histopathological characteristics,driver gene mutations,and progno-sis of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),with the aim of predicting the potential molecular background,treatment efficacy,and possible clinical outcomes of patients from the morphological perspective.This article aims to briefly sum-marize the advancements in emerging histopathological indicators of NSCLC,and discuss their implications for guiding the prognosis of this disease.

According the Good Clinical Practice(GCP)and programmatic requirements,we analyze the management characteristics and the costs of drugs for clinical trials in different specialties from the drug management;The characteristics of the management of drugs for different specialties was summarize and the differential factors that may affect the management cost was explored,so as to provide theoretical support for the research institutions to utilize the resources in a rational and efficient way.This article provides a guarantee for the drug management with the aim of enhancing the quality and efficiency of clinical trials.

According the Good Clinical Practice(GCP)and programmatic requirements,we analyze the management characteristics and the costs of drugs for clinical trials in different specialties from the drug management;The characteristics of the management of drugs for different specialties was summarize and the differential factors that may affect the management cost was explored,so as to provide theoretical support for the research institutions to utilize the resources in a rational and efficient way.This article provides a guarantee for the drug management with the aim of enhancing the quality and efficiency of clinical trials.

Lung cancer represents as one of the most prevalent malignant tumors globally,necessitating the urgent identification of additional biomarkers to facilitate precise stratified treatment and elevate its survival rates.Previous studies have focused on the correlation between the histopathological characteristics,driver gene mutations,and progno-sis of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),with the aim of predicting the potential molecular background,treatment efficacy,and possible clinical outcomes of patients from the morphological perspective.This article aims to briefly sum-marize the advancements in emerging histopathological indicators of NSCLC,and discuss their implications for guiding the prognosis of this disease.

Objective This study aims to discuss and summarize the management system for drugs used in clinical trials,with the objective of elevating the management standards.Methods Considering the situation of diverse departmental needs and the multi-campus structure,the study analyzed and explored the management of drugs for clinical trials to build a corresponding management system,including pharmacy construction,equipment,personnel qualifications,data management,drug reception,storage,distribution,and recycling protocols.The effecttivness of the system was evaluated through comparative analysis of data from 2022 to 2023 at our hospital.Result Improvements in the management of drugs for clinical trials were observed in 2023 across varous aspects.Conclusion Refining the management system of drugs for clinical trials can enhance Good Clinical Practice(GCP)supervision and service,providing an important reference for the management system.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) has high morbidity and mortality, but effective clinical drugs and management are lacking. Previous studies have suggested that macrophages play a crucial role in the inflammatory response to AKI and may serve as potential therapeutic targets. Emerging evidence has highlighted the importance of forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) in mediating macrophage activation and polarization in various diseases, but the specific mechanisms by which FoxO1 regulates macrophages during AKI remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the role of FoxO1 in macrophages in the pathogenesis of AKI. We observed a significant upregulation of FoxO1 in kidney macrophages following ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Additionally, our findings demonstrated that the administration of FoxO1 inhibitor AS1842856-encapsulated liposome (AS-Lipo), mainly acting on macrophages, effectively mitigated renal injury induced by I/R injury in mice. By generating myeloid-specific FoxO1-knockout mice, we further observed that the deficiency of FoxO1 in myeloid cells protected against I/R injury-induced AKI. Furthermore, our study provided evidence of FoxO1's pivotal role in macrophage chemotaxis, inflammation, and migration. Moreover, the impact of FoxO1 on the regulation of macrophage migration was mediated through RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 (ARHGEF1), indicating that ARHGEF1 may serve as a potential intermediary between FoxO1 and the activity of the RhoA pathway. Consequently, our findings propose that FoxO1 plays a crucial role as a mediator and biomarker in the context of AKI. Targeting macrophage FoxO1 pharmacologically could potentially offer a promising therapeutic approach for AKI.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the quality of Lygodium japonicum (Thunb.) Sw. (L. japonicum, Hai Jin Sha) by comparing its components without stewed (W) and stewed (S) using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) and chemometric analysis. Additionally, network pharmacology was employed to investigate the possible mechanisms of action of L. japonicum in the urinary calculi (UC) treatment.MethodsA fingerprinting method was established to identify components through UHPLC-tandem mass spectrometry. Chemometric techniques were used to compare the L. japonicum extraction methods. Furthermore, various network pharmacological approaches were used to identify and analyze the potential targets of the identified components in relation to UC.ResultsThe W and S extracts were distributed into two distinct clusters. Significant differences in the levels of protocatechuic aldehyde, caffeic acid, and p-coumaric acid were observed between S and W. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that the primary targets of L. japonicum in the UC treatment were serum albumin and epidermal growth factor receptors, with potential active components including protocatechuic acid and caffeic acid.ConclusionThis study comprehensively examined the therapeutic components of L. japonicum before and after boiling, shedding light on its potential mechanisms of action in UC treatment. These findings offer valuable insights into the development and utilization of L. japonicum resources.

Objective This study aims to discuss and summarize the management system for drugs used in clinical trials,with the objective of elevating the management standards.Methods Considering the situation of diverse departmental needs and the multi-campus structure,the study analyzed and explored the management of drugs for clinical trials to build a corresponding management system,including pharmacy construction,equipment,personnel qualifications,data management,drug reception,storage,distribution,and recycling protocols.The effecttivness of the system was evaluated through comparative analysis of data from 2022 to 2023 at our hospital.Result Improvements in the management of drugs for clinical trials were observed in 2023 across varous aspects.Conclusion Refining the management system of drugs for clinical trials can enhance Good Clinical Practice(GCP)supervision and service,providing an important reference for the management system.

Objective To construct an accurate clinical model of lower limb varicose veins in rats through surgery that provides theoretical support for evaluating drug therapy.Methods 30 SD rats,15 males and 15 females,were randomly divided into a control group and surgical group.In the surgical group,the rats lower limb veins(including the small saphenous vein and femoral vein)were ligated via improved lower limb vein ligation,i.e.,the small saphenous vein was completely ligated with the femoral vein,and the thrombosis result ed in a lasting increase in the internal pressure of the deep veins of the lower limb,causing varicose symptoms.On the 6th week after surgery,the varicose veins of the rats in the surgical group were scored to select those that were successfully modeled.Then,the successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into a model group and Maizhiling group.Maizhiling 62.5 mg/kg was orally administered to the treatment group once a day,while the control and model group received an equal volume of physiological saline orally every day for 20 consecutive days.On the day before administration and 7 d,14 d and 20 d after administration,macro photography and scoring were performed on the lower limbs of the rats.After completion,an approximately 1 cm long saphenous vein above the ankle joint of the lower limb on the surgical side was removed from the model group and Maizhiling group rats,while from the control group,the corresponding saphenous vein of the lower limb on the same side was removed.Pathological tissue observation was performed using HE staining,Masson staining,and immunohistochemical examination for interleukin-2(IL-2)and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases(TIMP-1).Results Of the 22 rats in the surgical group,20 were successfully modeled,with a success rate of 91％.According to the manifestations of venous dilation,varicose veins,and redness in the lower limbs of rats,the varicose vein score of the model group increased significantly compared with that of the control group(P＜0.01).After the therapeutic dose of Maizhiling was administered,the varicose vein score in the Maizhiling group decreased significantly compared with that of the model group(P＜0.01).Pathological examination showed significant varicose-vein-like changes and mild inflammation in the model group.The Maizhiling group showed reduced varicose veins and inflammation.Conclusions A rat model of lower limb varicose veins was successfully established,providing a new research method for the study of drugs and treatment method related to lower limb varicose diseases.

Objective To establish an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography(UPLC)fingerprint and multi-index content determination method of Siraitiae fructus standard decoction.Methods 15 batches of Siraitiae fructus from different producing areas were collected,Siraitiae fructus standard decoction was prepared according to Technical Requirements for Quality Control and Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granules,and the extract rate was calculated.UPLC was used to establish the fingerprint of 15 batches of Siraitiae fructus standard decoction and determine the contents of 11-O-mogroside V,kaempferitrin and mogroside V,which were the main effective components.The chemometrics analysis was used to evaluate the quality of Siraitiae fructus standard decoction and find possible quality markers.Results The extraction rate of 15 batches Siraitiae fructus standard decoction ranged from 24.79％to 34.95％.There were 16 common peaks in the fingerprint,and 4 components were identified.The Siraitiae fructus standard decoction was divided into 2 categories by chemometrics analysis,among which samples from Liuzhou,Guangxi were in one category and samples from Guilin,Guangxi were in another category.Seven differential markers were screened out under the condition of variable importance projection value,and the order was as follows:peak 8＞peak 7＞peak 5＞peak 12(kaempferitrin)＞peak 1＞peak 13＞peak 4.The contents of kaempferitrin,11-O-mogroside V and mogroside V in samples from Guilin,Guangxi were slightly higher than those in samples from Liuzhou,Guangxi.Conclusion The UPLC fingerprint and content determination method established in this study are feasible,which can provide a basis for the quality evaluation of Siraitiae fructus.The results of principal component analysis show that kaempferol is likely to become a quality marker of Siraitiae fructus.