Objective: To investigate the status and associated factors of sports supplement usage among grade 9 students, so as to provide a scientific basis for targeted supervision and health education regarding sports supplement usage among junior high school students. Methods: From June to September 2025, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 2 261 grade 9 students from 10 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) in China. A questionnaire survey was conducted on their sports supplement usage and related factors. The Chi square test was used to compare the usage rates of sports supplements among different groups of students, and binary Logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the related factors of sports supplement usage among grade 9 students. Results: Totally 59.7% of the grade 9 students used sports supplements. The usage rate (62.5%) was higher among boys than girls (56.3%), higher among students from rural areas and towns/counties (66.5%, 66.2%) than those from urban districts (52.9%), higher among boarding students (65.2%) than non resident students (54.3%), higher among students whose parents occupations were businessmen and workers (fathers: 65.0%, 63.7%; mothers: 63.6%, 61.1%) than those whose parents were farmers and civil servants (fathers: 57.5%, 54.1%; mothers: 58.8%, 55.7%), higher among students with a monthly family income of 5 000- 10 000 yuan (66.3%) than those in other income groups, and higher among students in the high score zone for the entrance physical examination to senior high school (67.7%) than those in the medium and low score zones ( 56.3% , 56.5%) ( χ 2=8.99, 42.21, 27.98, 20.55, 8.20, 22.74, 24.70, respectively, all P <0.05). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that boys ( OR =1.26), those from rural areas ( OR =1.59), boarding students ( OR =1.36), those with a monthly family income of 5 000- 10 000 yuan ( OR =1.41), and those in the high score zone for entrance physical examination to senior high school ( OR =1.34) were more likely to use sports supplements during the entrance physical examination to senior high school; the probability of sports supplement usage was lower among students whose fathers were civil servants ( OR =0.74) (all P <0.05). Conclusions The usage of sports supplements is relatively common among grade 9 students. Intervention measures should be targeted at specific populations to reduce the risk of misuse.

Objective:To compare the effects of various exercise intervention programs on executive function in children.Methods:Experimental studies on the impact of exercise intervention on children's executive function were searched from CNKI,Wanfang,Pubmed,Web of Science,Embase and Cochrane repositories until December 2022,and the quality of included literatures was assessed with Cochrane bias risk assessment tool.The inclusion and exclusion criteria were developed according to the PICOS principle,and standardized mean difference(SMD)was used as the effect indicator.Results:A total of 43 literatures(n=5 333)were included.The results of meta-analysis showed that the ball game with single exercise time≥51 min,twice a week,intervention cycle ≥ 17 weeks was the first choice for promoting children's inhibition control(SUCRA=86.8);the ball game with a single exercise time of 10-30 min,twice a week,intervention period of 5-8 weeks was the first choice for promoting children's work-ing memory(SUCRA=75.6).The ball game with a single exercise time of 31-50 minutes,twice a week,inter-vention period of 5-8 weeks was the first choice for promoting children's cognitive flexibility(SUCRA=89.4).Conclusion:Different exercise intervention programs have different effects on executive function in children.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of active screening in improving the detection rate of carbape-nem-resistant Enterobacterales(CRE)in the intensive care units(ICUs).Methods From July 2023 to June 2024,active screening of rectal swab CRE was conducted on ICU patients in 10 hospitals.ICU patients who underwent ac-tive screening from July 2023 to June 2024 were selected as the study group,while those who did not undergo active screening from July 2022 to June 2023 were selected as the control group.Difference in CRE detection rates between the two groups of patients was compared.Results A total of 7 803 ICU patients were included in the study group,744 CRE strains were detected,with a detection rate of 9.53％,out of which 304 CRE strains were detected through routine detection(detection rate 3.90％),3 707 patients underwent active screen,440 CRE strains were detected(detection rate 11.87％).7 561 ICU patients were included in the control group,out of which 250 CRE strains were detected through routine detection,with a detection rate of 3.31％.There was a statistically significant difference in the overall detection rate of CRE between two groups of patients(x2=246.18,P＜0.001).In the study group,CRE detection rate of active screening(11.87％)was higher than that of routine detection(3.90％),with statistically significant difference(x2=264.26,P＜0.001).A total of 17 CRE strains were detected from the study group.The proportions of Klebsiella pneumoniae(80.92％vs 73.41％)and Serratia marcescens(2.30％vs0.23％)in the routine detection group were both higher than in the active screening group,while the proportion of Escherichia coli in the routine detection group was lower(8.22％vs 19.55％),all with statistically significant differences(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of CRE in ICUs is relatively high,with a wide range of bac-terial species.Active screening can improve the detection rate of CRE.

Objective:To compare the effects of various exercise intervention programs on executive function in children.Methods:Experimental studies on the impact of exercise intervention on children's executive function were searched from CNKI,Wanfang,Pubmed,Web of Science,Embase and Cochrane repositories until December 2022,and the quality of included literatures was assessed with Cochrane bias risk assessment tool.The inclusion and exclusion criteria were developed according to the PICOS principle,and standardized mean difference(SMD)was used as the effect indicator.Results:A total of 43 literatures(n=5 333)were included.The results of meta-analysis showed that the ball game with single exercise time≥51 min,twice a week,intervention cycle ≥ 17 weeks was the first choice for promoting children's inhibition control(SUCRA=86.8);the ball game with a single exercise time of 10-30 min,twice a week,intervention period of 5-8 weeks was the first choice for promoting children's work-ing memory(SUCRA=75.6).The ball game with a single exercise time of 31-50 minutes,twice a week,inter-vention period of 5-8 weeks was the first choice for promoting children's cognitive flexibility(SUCRA=89.4).Conclusion:Different exercise intervention programs have different effects on executive function in children.

Objective: To understand the growth and development levels of four physical measurements in children aged 3-6 years in China, so as to provide a reference for child nutrition improvement and health promotion. Methods: A stratified random sampling method was used to collect physical measurement data from 120 kindergartens 25 842 children aged 3-6 years across 24 provinces and cities in seven natural geographical regions of North China, Northeast China, East China, Central China, South China, Southwest China and Northwest China from 2020 to 2023. The development levels of head circumference, chest circumference, waist circumference, and hip circumference were evaluated using a grading method. The analysis of gender and age differences was conducted using Mann-Whitney U- test and Kruskal-Wallis test, and the comparison of abnormal detection rates for different genders was conducted using Chi square test. Results: The distribution range of children aged 3-6 was 51.74(50.08, 53.33) cm in terms of head circumference, 55.73(52.09, 59.04) cm in terms of chest circumference, 53.04(48.92, 56.40) cm in terms of waist circumference, and 59.36(56.30, 62.32) cm in terms of hip circumference. The detection rate of abnormal head circumference in boys and girls aged 3-6 years old was relatively high (19.71%-42.02%), and the detection rate of abnormal physical circumference development levels in boys was higher than that in girls of all ages ( χ 2=5.63-83.35, P <0.05). The detection rate of abnormal hip circumference (4.89%-6.53%) and chest circumference (4.51%-6.38%) in boys and girls aged 3-6 was relatively low, and there was no statistically significant difference in the abnormal rate between different ages and genders ( χ 2=0.00-1.61, 0.00-3.71, P >0.05). The detection rate of abnormal waist circumference in boys and girls aged 3-6 was relatively high (13.70%-42.45%), and the detection rate of abnormal waist circumference in girls was higher than that in boys aged 4-6 groups ( χ 2=10.49-58.18, P < 0.05). Conclusions The overall physical development of children aged 3-6 years in China is improving, but the abnormal detection rates for head circumference and waist circumference are relatively high. Child healthcare should focus on preventing and treating abdominal obesity, with differentiated health intervention strategies based on different age groups and genders.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of active screening in improving the detection rate of carbape-nem-resistant Enterobacterales(CRE)in the intensive care units(ICUs).Methods From July 2023 to June 2024,active screening of rectal swab CRE was conducted on ICU patients in 10 hospitals.ICU patients who underwent ac-tive screening from July 2023 to June 2024 were selected as the study group,while those who did not undergo active screening from July 2022 to June 2023 were selected as the control group.Difference in CRE detection rates between the two groups of patients was compared.Results A total of 7 803 ICU patients were included in the study group,744 CRE strains were detected,with a detection rate of 9.53％,out of which 304 CRE strains were detected through routine detection(detection rate 3.90％),3 707 patients underwent active screen,440 CRE strains were detected(detection rate 11.87％).7 561 ICU patients were included in the control group,out of which 250 CRE strains were detected through routine detection,with a detection rate of 3.31％.There was a statistically significant difference in the overall detection rate of CRE between two groups of patients(x2=246.18,P＜0.001).In the study group,CRE detection rate of active screening(11.87％)was higher than that of routine detection(3.90％),with statistically significant difference(x2=264.26,P＜0.001).A total of 17 CRE strains were detected from the study group.The proportions of Klebsiella pneumoniae(80.92％vs 73.41％)and Serratia marcescens(2.30％vs0.23％)in the routine detection group were both higher than in the active screening group,while the proportion of Escherichia coli in the routine detection group was lower(8.22％vs 19.55％),all with statistically significant differences(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of CRE in ICUs is relatively high,with a wide range of bac-terial species.Active screening can improve the detection rate of CRE.

Objective: To compare the relative effectiveness of different exercise modalities on inhibitory control in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), so as to provide an evidence based basis for the development of effective exercise prescriptions. Methods: The databases of China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI), Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane were searched to screen the literature of randomized controlled trials of exercise interventions for inhibitory control in children with ADHD up to December 31, 2022. The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was used for methodological quality assessment, and Stata 17.0 software was used for network Meta analysis, standardized mean difference ( SMD ) and 95% CI were used as the effect indicators to compare the difference in effect between interventions and rank the effect. Results: Twenty two papers with a total of 1 134 participants aged 6-14.5 years were finally included. Network Meta analysis showed that the impact effects of physical and mental exercises [ SMD (95% CI )=1.08(0.50-1.66)], cognition+exercise [ SMD (95% CI ) =0.81(0.13-1.48)], and ball games [ SMD (95% CI )= 1.54(0.99-2.09)] were significantly superior to that of control group, and the ball games had a significantly better effect than single aerobic exercise [ SMD (95% CI )=1.02(0.20-1.84)], and combined exercises [ SMD (95% CI )=1.08( 0.28 -1.88)]( P < 0.05 ). The results of surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) showed that ball games might be the best means to improve inhibitory control in children with ADHD(SUCRA=95.3). Conclusion It is recommended to appropriately increase ball sports in sports activities to more effectively improve the inhibitory control of children with ADHD.

To investigate the renal venous and spermatic venous sampling in assisting the diagnosis of reninoma. The case of reninoma was retrospectively reviewed together with the literature review of reninoma diagnosed with renal venous and spermatic venous sampling. A young patient with hypertension and headache was admitted to our hospital. Laboratory test showed high plasma renin concentration (>500 mIU/L), and enhanced computed tomography(CT) in the upper abdomen showed a mass in left inferior renal pole. The concentration of renin in the left spermatic vein was significantly higher than that in renal veins and branches, and peripheral vein, which was considered the left reninoma possibility. The left renal mass was resected surgically and pathologic exam revealed reninoma. The renin level and the blood pressure recoveried normal after operation.The literature reported that the positive rate of renal vein segmental blood collection for locating renin tumor was only 8.3%-64%. The possible reason was that reninoma usually located in the renal cortex, and the tumor blood might be collected by renal capsule vein instead of renal vein. In fact, the renal capsule vein intersects with the lateral division of the spermatic vein, but there have been no reports about the localization of reninoma by spermatic vein sampling. Since renin secreted by reninoma may go into the spermatic vein through renal capsule vein, it should be noted that spermatic venous blood should be collected simultaneously in renal vein sampling when locating reninoma.

Objective:Aimed to investigate the value of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation in adrenal venous blood sampling (AVS).Methods:Patients who diagnosed as primary aldosteronism (PA) and completed successful bilateral cannulation judged by selection index (SI) for routine and(or) ACTH stimulation AVS were enrolled. The lateralization index(LI) was calculated to compare the effect of ACTH stimulation on AVS cannulation success rate and lateralization judgment.Results:A total of 73 patients with PA were enrolled in the study, of whom 28 were confirmed as aldosterone producing adenoma (APA) after unilateral adrenalectomy. Cortisol and aldosterone in peripheral and adrenal veins were significantly increased after ACTH stimulation. The left SI was increased from 6.5(3.0-13.6) to 26.8 (16.9-40.3) ( P<0.01) and the right SI from 20.8(4.8-34.8) to 57.6(35.7-80.9) ( P<0.01) after ACTH stimulation. There was no significant difference on LI before and after ACTH stimulation [7.7(2.3-19.6) vs 5.6(1.9-14.6), P=0.14]. The success rates of left and right adrenal cannulation were increased by 15% and 10% respectively after ACTH stimulation. For 57 patients who were determined in successful cannulation by both routine and ACTH stimulation AVS, 27 patients were determined to have lateralization by both AVS methods, 21 patients were determined to have bilateralization, and the consistency of lateralization by both AVS methods was 84%(48/57). Among the 28 patients who were confirmed to be APA after unilateral adrenalectomy, the correct rate of lateralization by both AVS methods was 89% (25/28). Conclusion:ACTH stimulation is able to improve the success rate of bilateral adrenal vein cannulation, and is helpful to judge AVS results. For patients with successful cannulation, there is no significant difference in lateralization judgment for routine and ACTH stimulation AVS.

Objective To investigate the molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of human bocavirus in children with acute respiratory tract infection in Shanghai,China.Methods Between January 2012 and December 2012,271 nasopharyngeal aspiration (NPA) samples were collected from children who had been hospitalized for acute respiratory tract infection at Shanghai,China.HBoV NS1 gene was detected by the nested polymerase chain reaction.In the further,other common respiratory viruses (HRV,RSV,ADV et al) was screened in HBoV positive samples,All PCR positive products were sequenced and phylogenetic analysis.Results The overall frequency of HBoV,infection was 11.4％.21of 31 HBoV positive sample tested were mix-infection.HBoV was detected from all over year.Children with HBoV varied in age from 4 months to 4-years (median age,17 months).The clinical diagnoses of HBoV positive patients included acute upper respiratory tract infection and lower respiratory tract infection.The clinical presentations of HBoV positive children included fever,cough,sputum production,diarrhea,vomiting;pharynx engorgement,crackles,wheezing.There being a statistically significant difference in the detection rates of HBoV between the outpatients and inpatients.The HBoV NS1 gene sequences phylogenetic analysis revealed that 29 HBoV1 NS1 sequences shared 99％-100％ nucleotide identity with the human bocavirus strain,whereas the amino acid identity was 96％-100％.The two HBoV2 NS1 sequences shared 99％ nucleotide sequence identity with HBoV2 strain FJ170282 respectively.Conclusions Human bocavirus was distributed in Shanghai region,HBoV1 was dominant and HBoV2 was detected at the first time.The symptom and clinical diagnoses has no specificity with patients with other common respiratory viruses.