Objective To explore the effectiveness of the cumulative sum (CUSUM) and the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) for early warning of influenza epidemic using two datasets of reported influenza cases and influenza-like illness (ILI) cases. Methods Using the reported cases of influenza and ILI in Daxing District, Beijing, from week 23 of 2018 to week 22 of 2024 as data sets, the CUSUM and EWMA models were established, respectively. The positive rate of influenza etiology was used as the ^“gold standard^”, and the Youden index was used as the evaluation index to compare the early warning effect of the two models under different data sets and different parameters. Results In CUSUM, the optimal Youden indices of the reported influenza cases set and the ILI cases set were 0.751 and 0.635, respectively. In EWMA, the optimal Youden indices of the reported influenza cases set and the ILI cases set were 0.544 and 0.464, respectively. The optimal EWMA and CUSUM models could both issue early warning signals in advance of the ^“gold standard^”. Conclusion In the influenza epidemic early warning in Daxing District, Beijing, the CUSUM model established with the reported cases of influenza can achieve good early warning effects, but the model parameters need to be dynamically adjusted according to the local epidemic characteristics.

Objective: To analyze the serological characteristics of anti-Mur antibodies and investigate the distribution frequency of the Mur antigen among voluntary blood donors in Shiyan, thereby providing a basis for guiding clinical transfusion and establishing a Mur blood type database. Methods: ABO blood grouping of donors and patients was performed using an automated blood typing analyzer and the gel card method, respectively. Unexpected antibody screening and identification were performed using the saline, tube anti-human globulin, and polybrene methods. The specificity of anti-Mur antibodies was confirmed using Fisher's exact probability test. Plasma treated with 2-mercaptoethanol was used to distinguish IgM and IgG antibodies. IgM and IgG anti-Mur titers were determined by the saline tube method and the anti-human globulin tube method, respectively, at 4℃, room temperature, and 37℃. A total of 1 659 donor red blood cell samples were initially screened for the Mur antigen phenotype using three samples of human-derived anti-Mur plasma by the micro-tube method. Donors who tested positive for Mur antigen were further tested by the direct antiglobulin test (DAT); those with negative results were confirmed for Mur antigen by the gel card and polybrene methods. Results: Three blood samples were identified to contain mixed IgG and IgM anti-Mur antibodies. The titers of both IgM and IgG anti-Mur antibodies were highest at 4℃, intermediate at room temperature, and lowest at 37℃. The positive frequency of the Mur antigen among voluntary blood donors in Shiyan was 1.99% (33/1 659). Conclusion: anti-Mur antibodies were detected in both blood donors and patients in our region. The Mur antigen shows a certain distribution frequency among voluntary blood donors in Shiyan. Screening for the Mur blood type and establishing a corresponding database could enhance transfusion safety.

Objective To present a pharmaceutical care case of a pediatric patient with nephrotic syndrome developing tacrolimus-inducedposterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome(PRES)during tacrolimus treatment,and to accumulate experience for the treatment and pharmaceutical services of related diseases.Methods Clinical pharmacists conduct an analysis and evaluation of the correlation of drug-induced PRES caused by tacrolimus in a pediatric patient.Simultaneously,regarding the latest evidence-based information,they propose optimized drug therapy recommendations and provide personalized pharmaceutical services.Results After treatment with antispasmodics,blood pressure control,intracranial pressure reduction,and tapering of tacrolimus,the clinical symptoms of the child improved.Follow-up cranial MRI demonstrated partial absorption of abnormal signals in the brain,and the lesions were significantly smaller than before.Conclusion For tacrolimus-related PRES,clinical pharmacists can enhance the long-term safety and effectiveness of patient medication through aspects such as choosing antihypertensive drugs,adjusting treatment plans based on drug concentration monitoring,and implementing targeted pharmaceutical monitoring and educatio.

An improved U-Net model(channel attention module U-Net,CAMU-Net)is proposed to achieve precise segmentation of retinal vessels.CAMU-Net model enhances its understanding of regional features by employing residual enhancement convolution to extract important information from the regions,improves the global feature acquisition capability by introducing feature refinement module to promote feature extraction,realizes precise segmentation by adding channel attention module to capture image features accurately,and enhances its capability to perceive target boundaries and details through a multi-scale feature fusion structure.The ablation study on the DRIVE dataset validates the role of each module in retinal vessel segmentation.The comparison with other mainstream network models on DRIVE and STARE datasets verify that CAMU-Net model is superior to other models.

Objective:To analyze the ultrasonographic measurements of inferior vena cava (IVC) and abdominal aorta in healthy full-term neonates throughout the early postnatal period.Methods:Prospective observational study was conducted. A total of 132 healthy full-term neonates, who were born at the Kunshan First People′s Hospital between May 1 st and August 30 th, 2023, were enrolled as the study subjects. Two-dimensional and M-mode ultrasonography were used to measure the maximum and minimum diameters of the IVC and abdominal aorta in the early postnatal period. The IVC collapsibility index, the ratio of maximum IVC diameter to abdominal aorta diameter, and the ratio of minimum IVC diameter to abdominal aorta diameter were calculated. These neonates were stratified by gender, birth mode, gestational age and birth weight (<3 000 or ≥3 000 g), and independent sample t-test or Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare the ultrasonography measurements by different groups. Results:Among the 132 neonates, 81 were males, with a gestational age of (39.2±1.0) weeks, and a birth weight of (3 326±409) g. There were no significant statistical differences in the the maximum and minimum diameters of the IVC and abdominal aorta assessed by both two-dimensional and M-modes between the first and second days (all P>0.05). Additionally, no statistical differences were observed in the ultrasonographic measurements among neonates of different sexes, birth modes, and gestational ages (all P>0.05); but there were statistically differences between the group with birth weight of <3 000 g and the group with birth weight of ≥3 000 g (all P<0.05). There were no statistically differences in IVC collapsibility index, the ratio of the maximum diameter of IVC to the diameter of abdominal aorta, and the ratio of the minimum diameter of IVC to the diameter of abdominal aorta between the group with birth weight of <3 000 g and the group with birth weight of≥3 000 g (all P>0.05). Conclusions:The diameters of the IVC and abdominal aorta in healthy full-term neonates during the early postnatal period are correlated with birth weight. The IVC collapsibility index and the ratio of IVC diameter to abdominal aorta diameter are unrelated to birth weight and can be used to assess newborn blood volume or right cardiac preload.

Objective:To explore the value of ultrasound-based radiomics combined with clinical parameters in predicting lymph node metastasis of endometrial cancer.Methods:The clinical data and preoperative ultrasound images of 255 patients with endometrial cancer diagnosed after operation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2017 to February 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The boundary of the tumor, that is, the region of interest(ROI), was determined manually by ITK-SNAP software, and the features were extracted from it. Through random sampling, the data were divided into training group used to build the model and verification group used to evaluate the reliability of the model at the proportion of 7∶3.In the training group, the spearman correlation coefficient was used as the threshold of 0.95 to remove the features with high correlation. The importance of the features were ranked by the decision tree model, the features of the top 6% importance were selected to establish a logical regression model, and then calculated the Radiomics score of each patient. On the basis of logical regression analysis, a comprehensive prediction model was established, the line diagram was drawn, and the prediction effect was evaluated by the analysis of the area under the subject working curve (AUC), calibration curve and the decision curve.Results:After dimensionality reduction and logical regression analysis, 20 features and 2 clinical parameters (CA125, CA153) were obtained to build the model. The AUC of training group and verification group in radiomics model and comprehensive prediction model were 0.81, 0.78 and 0.89, 0.85, respectively. The decision curve analysis showed that both of them had good clinical utility.Conclusions:The ultrasound-based radiomics model and the comprehensive model combined with relevant clinical parameters are effective in predicting lymph node metastasis of endometrial cancer.

BACKGROUND: Decreased heart rate variability (HRV) is a predictor of autonomic system dysfunction, and is considered as a potential mechanism of increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) induced by exposure to particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM METHODS: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of panel studies till November 1, 2019 was conducted to evaluate the acute effect of exposure to ambient PM RESULTS: A total of 33 panel studies were included in our meta-analysis, with 16 studies conducted in North America, 12 studies in Asia, and 5 studies in Europe. The pooled results showed a 10 μg/m CONCLUSION Short-term exposure to PM
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Air Pollutants/analysis* ; Air Pollution/analysis* ; Female ; Heart Rate/drug effects* ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Particulate Matter/analysis* ; Young Adult

Objective:To explore effects of clinical learning environment on occupational values of nursing students in higher vocational colleges under the background of industry-education integration so as to provide the basis for improving the clinical learning environment and improving the quality of nursing personnel training.Methods:From May to June 2019, 3 colleges were selected from the higher vocational colleges in Jiangsu Province that carried out medical and educational cooperative nursing personnel training and 200 nursing students in the second grade (2017 grade) of nursing majors from each of 3 colleges were selected as research objects by the convenient sampling method.Results:The total score of the nursing occupational value scale for 85 nursing students was (90.70±10.88) , and the total score of the clinical learning environment assessment scale was (152.72±14.84) . The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that interpersonal relationship, working atmosphere and team spirit, task positioning in the clinical learning environment assessment scale were the influencing factors of occupational values of nursing students ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Under the medical and educational cooperation talent training model, occupational values of nursing students are at a medium level, and clinical learning environment has positive effects on occupational values. It is necessary for schools and teaching hospitals to further improve the clinical learning environment so as to improve occupational values of nursing students.

Objective To investigate the mastery of nursing knowledge for diabetic patients with disease deterioration between Chinese and Australian nursing students and possible influencing factors,and to provide a reference for improving nursing teaching method in China.Methods From May to June,2016,a self-designed online knowledge questionnaire was used to investigate the mastery of clinical emergency knowledge among the third-grade nursing students in Chongqing Medical University in China and Hinders University in South Australia.A total of 303 questionnaires were collected,among which 243 valid questionnaires (164 from Chinese students and 79 from Australian students) were included in statistical analysis,with an effective collection rate of 80.20％.SPSS 19.0 software was used for statistical analysis,and the paired t-test or the chi-square test was used for data comparison.Results Australian nursing students had a significantly higher score of clinical emergency knowledge than their Chinese counterparts (t=4.115,P=0.000).Compared with the low-score group (score ＜12),the high-score group (score ≥ 12) had a significantly higher proportion of students with a family/medical history of diabetes,clinical experience in diabetes care,or self-learning as the main method (P＜0.05).As for learning method,Australian nursing students tended to use online self-learning (60 students,75.95％) and do assignments (56 students,70.89％) and participate in class discussion (51 students,64.56％),while Chinese students tended to receive theoretical teaching (138 students,84.15％),consult clinical teachers (138 students,84.15％),and receive simulation/experimental teaching (123 students,75.00％).Conclusion Chinese nursing students have lower degrees of willingness for self-learning and mastery of knowledge for disease deterioration than Australian nursing students.Focus on specialized practice,development of online teaching,and cultivation of the awareness and ability for self-learning may help to improve the mastery of clinical emergency knowledge among nursing students.

Objective: To evaluate the post-marketing safety profiles of the inactivated enterovirus type 71 (EV-A71) vaccine (Vero cell) after routine inoculation. Methods: Eleven cities of Zhejiang Province, Fengtai district of Beijing, Qinnan district, two counties as Pingle and Pingguo of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and Dongtai city of Jiangsu Province were selected as the field sites. A total of 45 239 subjects were enrolled in this study from children who seeked the vaccination of EV-A71 vaccine during the period from July, 2016 to June, 2018. Different sampling method were adopted in different sites. All vaccinated children were invited to participate in the study in Fengtai and Dongtai, however, systematic sampling method were adopted in other sites. Active surveillance was conducted and information about adverse reactions (ARs) occurred in 30 min, 3 d and 30 d following each dose of EV-A71 immunization was collected by field observation, phone-call or face-to-face interview. The incidence of ARs in different types, symptoms and grades were described. Results: In total, there were 45 239 children who received 71 243 doses EV-A71 vaccine. The overall incidence of ARs was 1.079% (769 doses), with the highest incidence of 1.182% (177/14 973) in 5-11 month group and the lowest incidence of 0.849% (18/2 119) in ≥ 36 month group among different age groups. There was a higher incidence in solicited ARs, which was 1.047% (746 doses). The incidences of grade 1 and grade 2 ARs were also higher, which were 0.404% (288 doses) and 0.554% (395 doses), respectively. No grade 4 ARs occurred. The doses of the first and the second vaccination was 40 736 and 30 507, respectively, and the incidences of ARs were 1.281% (522 doses) and 0.810% (247 doses). Also, the incidences of ARs were 0.091% (37 doses) and 0.043% (13 doses) in local, and 1.168% (476 doses) and 0.760% (232 doses) in system. The symptoms of ARs after the two doses of vaccination were basically the same. Redness at the injection site was the most common local ARs after each dose vaccination, with doses of 24 and 11, while fever was the most common systemic ARs, with doses of 362 and 190. Moreover, ARs mainly occurred in 30 min to 3 d after each dose vaccination, with incidence of 1.016% (414 doses) and 0.698% (213 doses) in the first and second dose, respectively. Conclusion The ARs had a low incidence after vaccination in children and most were mild or moderate. EV-A71 vaccine with good safety is suitable for inoculation in a large scale.