Objective:By analyzing the genetic risk of triglyceride-glucose index(Tyg)and insulin resistance(IR)for cardiovascular disease(CVD), to elucidate the extent to which the contribution of Tyg to the risk of CVD development is influenced by IR genetic risk.Methods:In this study, we selected data from a cohort of elderly people in the Kunshan community, screened 7, 385 individuals with both clinical and genomic data, and calculated the polygenic risk score of insulin resistance(IRPRS)for each participant based on publicly available IR genome-wide association data, and assessed the effect of genetic risk and Tyg level on the risk of developing CVD using a multivariate Cox proportional risk model.Calculating interactions to assess the effects of genetic risk and Tyg levels on the risk of developing CVD, the effects of Tyg tertile grouping and IRPRS on the risk of developing CVD were assessed using a multivariate Cox proportional risk model, and subgroup analyses were performed for gender to assess the effects of Tyg tertile grouping and IRPRS on the risk of developing CVD by gender.Results:In the univariate Cox model, Q3 and IRPRS with the highest TYG levels were significantly associated with the risk of CVD, respectively( HR=1.59, 95% CI: 1.33-1.89; P<0.001; HR=1.61, 95% CI: 1.18-2.20; P=0.003).After adjusting for multiple confounders, the Q3 Group with the highest TYG level was still significantly associated with the risk of CVD( HR=1.28, 95% CI: 1.05-1.57; P=0.014), the Association of TYG with the risk of CVD did not change significantly( HR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.05-1.57; P=0.014).We conducted a subgroup analysis by sex and found that among older men, 13, the highest levels of TYG and IRPRS were significantly associated with CVD risk, respectively( HR=1.70, 95% CI: 1.31.2.20; P<0.001; HR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.24-3.15; P=0.004).After adding IRPRS to the model, the Association of TYG with the risk of CVD remained unchanged( HR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.31-2.19; P<0.001).After adjusting for various confounders, Tyg remained significantly associated with the risk of CVD( HR=1.39, 95% CI: 1.04-1.88; P=0.028), the results showed that TYG remained significantly associated with the risk of CVD( HR=1.41, 95% CI: 1.05-1.90; P=0.023), and the association did not decrease.No Association of IRPRS with CVD risk was found in older women. Conclusions:IRPRS and TYG are the risk factors of CVD, and diet, exercise, drugs and other external factors on TYG are the main risk factors of CVD.For individuals with high genetic factors, the risk of CVD can still be reduced by lifestyle adjustments such as diet, exercise and drug intervention.

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of child injuries（CI）and provide a scientific basis for developing CI prevention and treatment strategies.Methods:Clinical data of CI cases admitted to Kunshan Woman and Children’s Healthcare Hospital from January 1st，2020 to December 31st，2022 were collected. The cases were classified into three age groups：infants and toddlers（0-3 years），preschoolers（4-6 years），and school-age children（7-14 years）. Post hoc testing was used for pairwise comparisons between groups，and differences were determined based on adjusted standardized residuals（AR）. The epidemiological characteristics that were analyzed included the type，location，and nature of injuries across these age groups.Results:A total of 12 449 CI cases were collected with a male-to-female ratio of 1.72∶1. School-age boys were more prone to injuries（72.2%， AR=16.3）compared to the other two age groups. The major CI types were falls（50.4%），blunt injuries（15.9%），and strains（9.9%）. The infant and toddler group showed higher rates of strains（21.9%， AR=34.9）and poisonings（7.9%， AR=19.6）compared to the other two groups，while preschoolers group had higher rates of falls（55.6%， AR=6.5）and motor vehicle accidents（4.8%， AR=3.6）compared to other age groups. The most frequently injured body regions were upper limbs（43.9%），head/face/neck（27.0%），and lower limbs（16.7%）. The infant and toddler group had higher rates of head/face/neck（34.8%， AR=15.4），upper limb（46%， AR=3.6），and whole body（8.9%， AR=18.7）injuries. The nature of CI mainly includes contusion/bruise/crush injury（34.3%），fractures（20.0%）and sharp/open wounds（19.5%）. School-age children exhibited higher rates of fractures（30.1%， AR=22.1），strains/sprains（10.1%， AR=13.0），contusion/bruise/crush injury（36.6%， AR=4.2），and multi-site injuries（0.7%， AR=4.4）compared to the other two groups. Injuries were mostly mild（90.8%），with infants and toddlers showing higher mild injury rates（95.0%， AR=12.7），whereas school-aged children had more moderate injuries（11.7%， AR=11.0）. Conclusion:The epidemiological characteristics of CI in infants and toddlers，preschoolers and school-age children are different，and different intervention strategies are needed for different age groups.

Objective:By analyzing the genetic risk of triglyceride-glucose index(Tyg)and insulin resistance(IR)for cardiovascular disease(CVD), to elucidate the extent to which the contribution of Tyg to the risk of CVD development is influenced by IR genetic risk.Methods:In this study, we selected data from a cohort of elderly people in the Kunshan community, screened 7, 385 individuals with both clinical and genomic data, and calculated the polygenic risk score of insulin resistance(IRPRS)for each participant based on publicly available IR genome-wide association data, and assessed the effect of genetic risk and Tyg level on the risk of developing CVD using a multivariate Cox proportional risk model.Calculating interactions to assess the effects of genetic risk and Tyg levels on the risk of developing CVD, the effects of Tyg tertile grouping and IRPRS on the risk of developing CVD were assessed using a multivariate Cox proportional risk model, and subgroup analyses were performed for gender to assess the effects of Tyg tertile grouping and IRPRS on the risk of developing CVD by gender.Results:In the univariate Cox model, Q3 and IRPRS with the highest TYG levels were significantly associated with the risk of CVD, respectively( HR=1.59, 95% CI: 1.33-1.89; P<0.001; HR=1.61, 95% CI: 1.18-2.20; P=0.003).After adjusting for multiple confounders, the Q3 Group with the highest TYG level was still significantly associated with the risk of CVD( HR=1.28, 95% CI: 1.05-1.57; P=0.014), the Association of TYG with the risk of CVD did not change significantly( HR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.05-1.57; P=0.014).We conducted a subgroup analysis by sex and found that among older men, 13, the highest levels of TYG and IRPRS were significantly associated with CVD risk, respectively( HR=1.70, 95% CI: 1.31.2.20; P<0.001; HR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.24-3.15; P=0.004).After adding IRPRS to the model, the Association of TYG with the risk of CVD remained unchanged( HR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.31-2.19; P<0.001).After adjusting for various confounders, Tyg remained significantly associated with the risk of CVD( HR=1.39, 95% CI: 1.04-1.88; P=0.028), the results showed that TYG remained significantly associated with the risk of CVD( HR=1.41, 95% CI: 1.05-1.90; P=0.023), and the association did not decrease.No Association of IRPRS with CVD risk was found in older women. Conclusions:IRPRS and TYG are the risk factors of CVD, and diet, exercise, drugs and other external factors on TYG are the main risk factors of CVD.For individuals with high genetic factors, the risk of CVD can still be reduced by lifestyle adjustments such as diet, exercise and drug intervention.

Objective:To investigate the species and distribution of mosquito-borne arboviruses in the southeastern part of Gansu province.Methods:In 2023, mosquitoes were collected using ultraviolet lights in Longnan and Tianshui regions of Gansu province. After classification by morphology, about 50 are only 1 batch. RT-qPCR was used to detect the RNA of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), Banna virus (BAV), Getah virus (GETV), Culex flavivirus (CxFV) and Tahyna virus (TAHV). The genomes of the positive samples were sequenced and the genetic evolution of the virus genomes were analyzed by bioinformatics software.Results:In total, there were 8 176 mosquitoes from 4 genera and 9 species collected from Longnan and Tianshui from June to August 2023. Culex tritaeniorhynchus was the most common species with 55.80% (4 562/8 176) of the total mosquitoes collected, followed by 16.43% (1 343/8 176) of Culex pipiens pallens. A total of 263 batches of samples were obtained, and the nucleic acid test showed that 1 batch was positive for JEV, 2 batches were positive for BAV, 3 batches were positive for GETV and 25 batches were positive for CxFV. Conclusions:Culex tritaeniorhynchus was the dominant mosquito species in the southeastern part of Gansu province, and local mosquitoes carried a variety of arboviruses.

Objective:To investigate the species and distribution of mosquito-borne arboviruses in the southeastern part of Gansu province.Methods:In 2023, mosquitoes were collected using ultraviolet lights in Longnan and Tianshui regions of Gansu province. After classification by morphology, about 50 are only 1 batch. RT-qPCR was used to detect the RNA of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), Banna virus (BAV), Getah virus (GETV), Culex flavivirus (CxFV) and Tahyna virus (TAHV). The genomes of the positive samples were sequenced and the genetic evolution of the virus genomes were analyzed by bioinformatics software.Results:In total, there were 8 176 mosquitoes from 4 genera and 9 species collected from Longnan and Tianshui from June to August 2023. Culex tritaeniorhynchus was the most common species with 55.80% (4 562/8 176) of the total mosquitoes collected, followed by 16.43% (1 343/8 176) of Culex pipiens pallens. A total of 263 batches of samples were obtained, and the nucleic acid test showed that 1 batch was positive for JEV, 2 batches were positive for BAV, 3 batches were positive for GETV and 25 batches were positive for CxFV. Conclusions:Culex tritaeniorhynchus was the dominant mosquito species in the southeastern part of Gansu province, and local mosquitoes carried a variety of arboviruses.

Objective: : Nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyl transferase 2 (NMNAT2) is a crucial factor for the survival of neuron. The role of NMNAT2 in damage following traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains unknown. This study was designed to investigate the role of NMNAT2 in TBI-induced neuronal degeneration and neurological deficits in rats. Methods: : The TBI model was established in Sprague-Dawley rats by a weight-dropping method. Real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot, immunofluorescence, Fluoro-Jade C staining, and neurological score analyses were carried out. Results: : NMNAT2 mRNA and protein levels were increased in the injured-side cortex at 6 hours and peaked 12 hours after TBI. Knocking down NMNAT2 with an injection of small interfering RNA in lateral ventricle significantly exacerbated neuronal degeneration and neurological deficits after TBI, which were accompanied by increased expression of BCL-2-associated X protein (Bax). Conclusion : NMNAT2 expression is increased and NMNAT2 exhibits neuroprotective activity in the early stages after TBI, and Bax signaling pathway may be involved in the process. Thus, NMNAT2 is likely to be an important target to prevent secondary damage following TBI.

Objective : To discuss the treatment of pneumoparotid and to provide a reference for clinical practice. Methods: A case of refractory pneumoparotid was reported, and the diagnosis and treatment of parotid emphysema were reviewed and analyzed in combination with the literature. Results : This child had parotid gland enlargement without any obvious cause for more than 1 month. Conservative treatment, such as anti-inflammatory agents, psychological interventions and physical compression were ineffective. The patient had a history of cerebral palsy with epilepsy and involuntary cheek bulging behavior. Therefore, we considered it a refractory case. It was cured after parotid duct ligation and partial parotidectomy of the superficial lobe. A literature review showed that a pneumoparotid is a rare parotid enlargement. Most of the clinical cases were considered to be caused by the return of air into the parotid gland through the parotid duct due to an increase in oral pressure. The diagnosis of pneumoparotid mainly depends on intermittent parotid gland swelling and other clinical manifestations and imaging examination methods, such as ultrasound, CT, MRI and angiography. Its treatment mainly includes conservative anti-inflammatory treatment, physical therapy and psychological intervention. Surgical treatment is indicated for refractory parotid emphysema. Conclusion Pneumoparotid cases may further develop into parotid inflammation, which is generally treated conservatively. For some severe, recurrent and poor compliance cases, surgical treatment is sometimes needed.

Objective : To investigate the feasibility of epidural catheters in parotid gland duct anastomosis and the function of the affected side gland after parotid gland duct anastomosis. Methods: Thirteen patients who were treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Xuzhou Central Hospital using an epidural catheter as the scaffold for parotid gland catheter anastomosis were enrolled from Jan. 2019 to June 2021. The swelling, salivary fistula and catheter patency in the parotid gland area were evaluated two weeks after the operation. 99mTcO4- single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was used for quantitative detection of salivary gland secretion function Results: Thirteen patients had no swelling or salivary fistula in the parotid gland area of the affected side two weeks after the operation, and the catheter secretion was unobstructed. There was no significant difference in the uptake rate between the parotid gland on the affected side and the parotid gland on the healthy side (t = -0.859, P = 0.399), and there was no significant difference in the excretion rate between the parotid gland on the affected side and the parotid gland on the healthy side (t = 0.693, P = 0.495). The parotid gland excretion function of the affected side was excellent three months after the operation. Conclusion Parotid duct anastomosis with an epidural catheter as the stent has good feasibility, and parotid gland secretion function recovers well after the operation, which is worthy of clinical application.

A novel structural dynamics test method and device were designed to test the biomechanical effects of dynamic axial loading on knee cartilage and meniscus. Firstly, the maximum acceleration signal-to-noise ratio of the experimental device was calculated by applying axial dynamic load to the experimental device under unloaded condition with different force hammers. Then the experimental samples were divided into non-specimen group (no specimen loaded), sham specimen group (loaded with polypropylene samples) and bovine knee joint specimen group (loaded with bovine knee joint samples) for testing. The test results show that the experimental device and method can provide stable axial dynamic load, and the experimental results have good repeatability. The final results confirm that the dynamic characteristics of experimental samples can be distinguished effectively by this device. The experimental method proposed in this study provides a new way to further study the biomechanical mechanism of knee joint structural response under axial dynamic load.
Animals ; Cattle ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Knee Joint/physiology* ; Meniscus ; Mechanical Phenomena ; Weight-Bearing

Objective:To provide genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis for a fetus with mosaic trisomy 20.Methods:Chromosomal karyotyping, chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were carried out for a pregnant woman with advanced maternal age. Results:The karyotype of amniotic fluid sample was 47, XN, + 20, whilst the result of CMA was normal. To verify this discrepancy, CMA was performed again with the cultured amniotic fluid, which yielded a result of 47, XN, + 20. FISH assay of the amniotic fluid sample was nuc ish(D20Z1)×3[11]/(D20Z1)×2[89], which indicated that about 11% of fetal cells were trisomy 20. After the fetus was born, the karyotype of peripheral blood sample was normal.Conclusion:The amniotic fluid sample might be mosaic trisomy 20, and a dominant growth of 47, XN, + 20 cells had occurred during the culture process, resulting in alteration of amniotic fluid cell composition. Mosaic trisomy 20 indicated by FISH may be attributed to confined placental mosaicism or somatic mosaicism of trisomy 20.