Flow diverter (FD) devices have gradually become the mainstream approach for interventional treatment of intracranial aneurysms. In-stent stenosis (ISS) is a common complication after FD implantation, which can lead to ischemic events and affect the prognosis of patients. Current studies have shown that ISS occurrence is closely related to hemodynamic changes. From the perspective of hemodynamics, this article reviews the research progress of mechanisms, evaluation methods and treatments of ISS after FD implantation, in order to provide reference for clinical practice.

Distal transradial access(dTRA)was first applied in coronary heart disease intervention by Kiemeneij in 2017,dTRA has become an important technological advancement of coronary interventional therapy.This approach,performed by puncturing the distal radial artery within the anatomical snuffbox or Hegu point,significantly reduces the incidence of radial artery occlusion compared with conventional transradial access and shortens compression time to 2-3 hours after procedure.Clinical evidence confirms the efficacy of dTRA in facilitating complex percutaneous coronary interventions,including stenting of left main coronary artery bifurcation lesions and recanalization of chronic total occlusions.Its application has progressively expanded to neurointerventional procedures(cerebral angiography),tumor embolization(transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma),and peripheral vascular interventions.Despite increasing clinical adoption,dTRA still faces challenges,including a long learning curve and relatively lower initial puncture success rates.Combined with the current paucity of robust evidence-based data,the viability of dTRA as a routine interventional access route remains a subject of debate.This article systematically reviews the anatomical landmarks,clinical advantages,limitations,and multidisciplinary applications of dTRA.This article aims to provide practical guidance for interventionalists and promote the standardization of this technique in daily clinical practice.

Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of brain radiotherapy combined with pyrotinib and capecitabine in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer with brain metastases.Methods:Clinical data of 30 HER2-positive breast cancer patients with brain metastases treated at the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University between January 2018 and January 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the timing of drug administration, patients were divided into the concurrent radiotherapy and medication group ( n=20) and the sequential group receiving pyrotinib plus capecitabine within 1 month before or after radiotherapy ( n=10). Intracranial progression-free survival (iPFS), intracranial and extracranial objective response rates (ORR), overall survival (OS), and treatment safety were analyzed. Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method, and survival differences were compared by log-rank test. Results:The median follow-up time was 23.5 months (range, 5.2-37.8), with a median iPFS of 13.0 months (range, 1.7-27.3) and a median OS of 28.2 months (range, 7.3-46.2). The 1-year iPFS and OS in the concurrent radiotherapy with pyrotinib and capecitabine group were numerically higher than those in the sequential group treated within 1 month before or after radiotherapy, but the differences were not statistically significant ( P=0.825, 0.724, respectively). The intracranial and extracranial ORRs were 83.3% and 64.3%, respectively. The most common grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse reactions were diarrhea (27%) and neutropenia (23%). Conclusions:Radiotherapy combined with pyrotinib and capecitabine provides prolonged survival benefits with acceptable safety in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer brain metastases. Compared to concurrent administration, pyrotinib plus capecitabine given within 1 month before or after radiotherapy does not appear to affect prognosis.

A 36-year-old male developed unconsciousness and no response to voice stimuli after taking approximately 2 050 mg felodipine (the specific time was unknown). Two hours later, he was sent to the department of emergency by his family and admitted to the hospital. His vital signs showed body temperature 35.1 ℃, pulse 148 times/min, respiration 32 times/min, and blood pressure 65/34 mmHg. Acute drug poisoning, acute toxic cardiomyopathy, acute toxic shock, acute type Ⅱ respiratory failure, acute toxic encephalopathy, and acute renal failure were diagnosed based on the patient′s clinical manifestations combined with laboratory tests results, cardiac ultrasound, chest and abdominal CT scans. Endotracheal intubation connected to a ventilator for invasive assisted ventilation, pressure boosting, and fluid resuscitation were given. At the same time, repeated gastric lavage and enema were performed to remove toxins. Blood perfusion was intermittently and repeatedly administered, and continuous renal replacement therapy was used. The blood concentration of felodipine was 1 298 μg/L at 2 hours after admission, and cardiac arrest occurred at 4 hours. Venous-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) treatment was administered immediately. After 48 hours of ECMO operation, sedatives were discontinued and the patient′s consciousness was improved after 4 hours. On the 5th day of ECMO treatment, his heart rate was 72 beats per minute, and blood pressure was 127/65 mmHg. The blood concentration of felodipine decreased to 2 μg/L. The patient′s vital signs were significantly improved and ECMO supportive treatment was withdrawn. After 26 days of hospitalization, the patient recovered and was discharged.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.03.002.].

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a malignant tumor with a high global incidence rate, accounting for about 10.54% of all new cancer cases and posing a serious threat to human health. Due to significant individual variations in the efficacy of immunotherapy among NSCLC patients, it is necessary to identify accurate detection indicators to screen appropriate populations, monitor treatment efficacy, and assist in prognosis assessment. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), as an immunosuppressive molecule expressed on the surface of tumor cells and various immune cell membranes, can serve as a "companion diagnostic" or "supplementary diagnostic" tool to guide clinical treatment decisions for metastatic NSCLC patients. Given that tumor tissue PD-L1 testing is an invasive procedure and its reliability is still under debate, the assessment of PD-L1 expression via liquid biopsies, such as circulating tumor cells, will play a significant role in predicting treatment response and prognosis in NSCLC patients.

Background In the context of global climate change, investigating the impact of temperature variability (TV) on the circulatory system is of significant importance for public health promotion. Objective To evaluate the effect of TV on the risk of hospital admissions for circulatory system diseases in Tangshan City. Methods Data on hospital admissions for circulatory diseases from four general hospitals in Tangshan between 2021 and 2023 were collected, while concurrent meteorological data were also obtained. A time-stratified case-crossover design was employed to analyze the association between TV and the risk of hospital admissions for circulatory system diseases. Subgroup analyses were further conducted by gender, age, and cold/heat wave days. Results A total of 11974 hospital admissions for circulatory system diseases were recorded from 2021 to 2023, with a median daily temperature of 13.90 ℃. The effects of TV01 through TV07 on hospitalization risks for overall circulatory system diseases and coronary heart disease were all statistically significant (P<0.05). Additionally, the effects of TV01 and TV04 through TV07 on hospitalization risk for stroke were also statistically significant (P<0.05). A 1°C increase in TV07 was associated with odds ratios (ORs) of 1.041 (95%CI: 1.032, 1.050) for overall circulatory system diseases, 1.050 (95%CI: 1.037, 1.064) for coronary heart disease, and 1.029 (95%CI: 1.014, 1.045) for stroke. Furthermore, the effect of TV on the risk of hospital admissions were stronger during cold wave days compared with non-cold/hot wave days. Conclusion TV may contribute to increased risk of hospital admissions for circulatory system diseases in Tangshan, and the impact of TV exhibits a certain lag effect. It is suggested to explore and develop targeted intervention measures.

Distal transradial access(dTRA)was first applied in coronary heart disease intervention by Kiemeneij in 2017,dTRA has become an important technological advancement of coronary interventional therapy.This approach,performed by puncturing the distal radial artery within the anatomical snuffbox or Hegu point,significantly reduces the incidence of radial artery occlusion compared with conventional transradial access and shortens compression time to 2-3 hours after procedure.Clinical evidence confirms the efficacy of dTRA in facilitating complex percutaneous coronary interventions,including stenting of left main coronary artery bifurcation lesions and recanalization of chronic total occlusions.Its application has progressively expanded to neurointerventional procedures(cerebral angiography),tumor embolization(transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma),and peripheral vascular interventions.Despite increasing clinical adoption,dTRA still faces challenges,including a long learning curve and relatively lower initial puncture success rates.Combined with the current paucity of robust evidence-based data,the viability of dTRA as a routine interventional access route remains a subject of debate.This article systematically reviews the anatomical landmarks,clinical advantages,limitations,and multidisciplinary applications of dTRA.This article aims to provide practical guidance for interventionalists and promote the standardization of this technique in daily clinical practice.

A 36-year-old male developed unconsciousness and no response to voice stimuli after taking approximately 2 050 mg felodipine (the specific time was unknown). Two hours later, he was sent to the department of emergency by his family and admitted to the hospital. His vital signs showed body temperature 35.1 ℃, pulse 148 times/min, respiration 32 times/min, and blood pressure 65/34 mmHg. Acute drug poisoning, acute toxic cardiomyopathy, acute toxic shock, acute type Ⅱ respiratory failure, acute toxic encephalopathy, and acute renal failure were diagnosed based on the patient′s clinical manifestations combined with laboratory tests results, cardiac ultrasound, chest and abdominal CT scans. Endotracheal intubation connected to a ventilator for invasive assisted ventilation, pressure boosting, and fluid resuscitation were given. At the same time, repeated gastric lavage and enema were performed to remove toxins. Blood perfusion was intermittently and repeatedly administered, and continuous renal replacement therapy was used. The blood concentration of felodipine was 1 298 μg/L at 2 hours after admission, and cardiac arrest occurred at 4 hours. Venous-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) treatment was administered immediately. After 48 hours of ECMO operation, sedatives were discontinued and the patient′s consciousness was improved after 4 hours. On the 5th day of ECMO treatment, his heart rate was 72 beats per minute, and blood pressure was 127/65 mmHg. The blood concentration of felodipine decreased to 2 μg/L. The patient′s vital signs were significantly improved and ECMO supportive treatment was withdrawn. After 26 days of hospitalization, the patient recovered and was discharged.