Background The prevalence of chronic diseases among the Chinese occupational population is rising steadily, with hypertension and diabetes becoming important health concerns. Occupational health examinations (OHE) provide stable population coverage, standardized protocols, and fixed follow-up intervals, offering a robust data foundation for risk assessment. However, most existing hypertension prediction studies rely on cross-sectional data and mainly focus on clinic onset, failing to capture the dynamic progression and cumulation of individual risk. Objective To construct a machine learning-based risk prediction model for blood pressure abnormality in occupational populations, providing a reference for health risk stratification and targeted health interventions. Methods Longitudinal data from 2020 to 2023 were extracted from the occupational health examination database of an institution in Shanghai. After excluding individuals with hypertension in any of the first three years, 3710 workers who participated 4 consecutive years of OHE were included. Six categories of blood pressure-related indicators from 2020 to 2022 were selected, including basic information, lifestyles, occupational exposures, cardiovascular indicators, routine blood tests, and biochemical markers, comprising 30 variables in total. For feature engineering, continuous variables were processed to reflect three-year dynamic characteristics: level (mean), variability (variance), and temporal trend (slope). Categorical variables were incorporated using 2022 values. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was applied to identify variables for inclusion in the machine learning models. Five models (decision tree, logistic regression, random forest, support vector machine, and XGBoost) were employed to predict blood pressure abnormality risk in 2023. And then sensitive analysis was conducted. The optimal model was selected based on the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic. Feature importance and SHAP analyses were applied to interpret the final model. Results Feature engineering transformed 17 continuous variables into 51 secondary variables, combined with 13 baseline variables, resulted in 24 variables screened out by LASSO regression. The logistic regression model achieved the best performance. Feature importance analysis indicated that the dynamic trajectory of blood pressure played a central role in the model, complemented by other biochemical and lifestyle indicators. SHAP analysis further showed that the model’s ability to not only identify risks of high-normal blood pressure and hypertension but also quantify the specific contribution of individual examination indicators to predicted risk, supporting risk-stratified population management in occupational health management. Conclusion Based on an existing occupational health examination database and routinely collected data, this study has developed a risk prediction model for blood pressure abnormalities in occupational populations. By incorporating dynamic change characteristics from longitudinal examinations, the study demonstrates the feasibility of using routine health data for early risk identification and stratified management. However, its applicability is limited by the availability of repeated examination data and the focus on specific occupational groups, requiring further validation across broader populations and diverse clinic scenarios.

As a primary approach to safeguarding workers' occupational health in China, the work-related injury insurance still has insufficient preventive measures for occupational groups. By reviewing the preventive measures embedded in Germany’s statutory accident insurance (Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung) and Japan’s workers’ accident compensation insurance, this study summarized their best practices and then proposed the following policy directions based on China’s specific context: strengthening the prevention-oriented institutional framework, increasing financial investment in occupational injury prevention, improving the incentive mechanisms of floating premium rate, and promoting data integration and intelligent applications in occupational health management. These measures are expected to shift China’s work-related injury insurance system from a compensation-oriented model to one that emphasizes comprehensive prevention and health promotion, thereby providing useful insights for better safeguarding the health of Chinese workers.

Green prescription is a written prescription aimed at improving health by promoting physical activity and improving diet， with advantages such as high cost-effectiveness， strong feasibility， and minimal harm to patients. The theory of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） green prescription integrates the health philosophy of "following rule of yin and yang， and adjusting ways to cultivating health"， the exercise philosophy of balancing yin-yang and the five elements， and the dietary philosophy of moderation and balance， which embody core TCM concepts such as treating disease before its onset and harmony between humans and nature. It has also developed traditional exercise practices like Tai Chi， Baduanjin， Wuqinxi， Yi-Gin-Ching， and Qigong， as well as dietary adjustments like medicated diet and herbal wines. However， it is believed that the TCM green prescription currently suffers from insufficient evidence-based research， low patient awareness and acceptance， and weak basic research. Based on this， it is proposed that large-sample clinical trials should be conducted in the future to improve the quality of evidence-based medicine， basic research can be carried out with the help of artificial intelligence and other methods in research design， the hospital information system （HIS） can be used for control at the implementation level， and publicity and patient education can be strengthened through the new media， so as to promote the development and application of the TCM green prescriptions in the field of global health treatment.

As the prevalence of chronic diseases increases among occupational populations in China, the focus of occupational health management has shifted from ″occupational disease prevention and control″ to ″occupational disease and chronic disease prevention and control″. At present, occupational medical examinations (OME) are mainly focused on occupational disease prevention and control, and generally lack of chronic disease indicators such as blood lipids and blood glucose, limiting the role of OME in life-cycle health management of workers. To address this gap, it is necessary to incorporate chronic disease screening indicators into OME. Integrating OME and chronic disease screening faces bottlenecks, including concerns about increased operating costs in small- and medium-sized enterprises, and the risk of employment discrimination caused by the leakage of employee health privacy. A tiered strategy is recommended. Incorporating low-cost indicators such as blood lipids, waist circumference into routine examinations, and customizing advanced screening for elder or high-risk position workers. The prioritization of screening indicators can be determined by expert consultation and employer-employee discussions. Meanwhile, the results of chronic disease screening indicators should not be included in occupational health surveillance records to protect workers′ privacy. In summary, expanding OME to cover more chronic disease indicators provides valuable economic and social benefits. In the long run, common chronic disease screening indicators should be included in the regular medical examination indicators of OME, thereby reducing the burden of chronic diseases on occupational populations and promoting the health management of occupational populations.

Objective:To observe the ultrasonographic features of idiopathic uveal effusion syndrome (IUES).Methods:A retrospective controlled study. From January 2012 to December 2023, 13 patients with IUES (26 eyes) diagnosed by ophthalmology examination in Department of Ophthalmonogy of Beijing Tongren Hospital (IUES group) and 22 healthy people with 30 eyes (control group) were included in the study. Both eyes of all participants were examined by color Doppler ultrasound (CDU) and ultrasonic biomicroscopy (UBM). The thickness of the ocular wall at 300 μm on the temporal side of the optic disc was measured by CDU. UBM was used to measure the thickness of the nasal and temporal scleral processes. Corneal thickness (CT), anterior chamber depth (AD), lens thickness (LT) and axial length (AL) were measured by A-mode ultrasound. There were no significant differences in age ( t=0.842), sex component ratio ( χ2=0.540), eye difference ( χ2=0.108) and AL ( t=0.831) between IUES group and control group ( P>0.05). The CDU and UBM imaging features and biometrics of IUES affected eyes were observed. Independent sample t test was used for comparison between groups. Results:CDU examination results showed that in 26 eyes of IUES group, choroidal detachment occurred in 20 eyes (76.9%, 20/26), which showed arc-shaped band echo connected with peripheral and equatorial eye wall echo, with uniform low echo area below, and blood flow signal could be seen on the band echo. The echo thickened and decreased in 4 eyes (15.3%, 4/26). Nine eyes (33.3%, 9/26) were accompanied by retinal detachment, which showed that the posterior pole vitreous echo was connected to the optic disc echo, and the blood flow signal was seen on the ribbon echo. UBM results showed ciliary detachment in 22 eyes (84.7%, 22/26), showing a spongy thickening of the ciliary body with interlamellar echo separation and an echoless area between the sclera. Ciliary body echo thickened and decreased in 2 eyes (7.7%, 2/26). Shallow space between ciliary body and sclera was observed in 2 eyes (7.7%, 2/26). Compared with the control group, CT ( Z=2.054), LT ( Z=1.867), scleral thickness ( Z=2.536) and ocular wall thickness ( Z=2.094) were thickened in IUES group, and AD ( Z=1.888) were decreased, with statistical significance ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The CDU of IUES is characterized by a thickened echo of the ocular wall and a uniform low echo area under the detached choroid. UBM is characterized by a spongy thickening of the ciliary body echo with interlaminar echo separation.

Objective:To evaluate spinal-pelvic mobility and sagittal spinal-pelvic alignment characteristics in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), and to investigate differences in sagittal spinal-pelvic parameters between patients with DDH and those with osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH).Methods:A total of 55 patients with DDH who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University between April 2021 and March 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The cohort included 8 males and 47 females, with a mean age of 56.16±10.82 years (range: 26-76 years). Among them, 18 patients had bilateral DDH and 37 had unilateral DDH. Fifty-five age- and sex-matched patients with ONFH were selected as the control group. Unilateral DDH cases were classified according to the Hartofilakidis classification: 18 cases of type A, 13 cases of type B, and 6 cases of type C. Lateral spinal-pelvic radiographs were used to measure pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), sacral slope (SS), and lumbar lordosis (LL) in both standing and sitting positions. Changes in sagittal spinal-pelvic parameters between standing and sitting positions were analyzed to assess spinal-pelvic mobility. Spinal-pelvic mobility was considered abnormal if △SS was outside the range of 10°-30°. Abnormal mobility was further categorized as stiffness (△SS<10°) or hypermobility (△SS>30°).Results:The PI (52.37°±12.43°), standing PT (12.13°±9.50°), and sitting PT (36.49°±13.43°) of DDH patients were significantly higher than those of ONFH patients (44.88°±11.38°, 7.80°±11.36°, and 28.91°±11.38°, respectively), with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). Abnormal spinal-pelvic mobility, including both stiffness and hypermobility, was observed in 53% of DDH patients, with stiffness accounting for 20%. These proportions were significantly higher than those in ONFH patients, which were 24% and 6%, respectively ( P<0.05). The prevalence of abnormal spinal-pelvic mobility in Hartofilakidis type C DDH patients was 83%, significantly higher than the 30.8% observed in type B patients (χ 2=4.550, P=0.033). The standing LL (54.37°±11.59°) and sitting LL (28.56°±15.51°) in unilateral DDH patients were significantly greater than those in bilateral DDH patients (46.88°±15.30° and 20.42°±9.77°, respectively), with statistically significant differences ( P< 0.05). Conclusions:Compared with patients with ONFH, those with DDH demonstrate a higher prevalence of abnormal spinal-pelvic mobility, particularly a greater incidence of spinal stiffness. Among DDH subtypes, Hartofilakidis type C patients exhibit a higher proportion of abnormal mobility compared to types A and B. Additionally, patients with unilateral DDH present with greater lumbar lordosis than those with bilateral involvement.

Objective:To summarize the current application status of sarcopenia screening tools among community-dwelling older adults and explore the suitability of various tools in different contexts.Methods:A comprehensive search was conducted in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP, China Biology Medicine disc, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase for literature related to sarcopenia screening tools, from database inception to November 30, 2024. Two researchers independently screened the literature and extracted relevant data.Results:A total of 19 articles were included, covering seven screening tools: the Sarcopenia-Five (SARC-F) questionnaire, Sarcopenia combined with Calf Circumference (SARC-CALF), Sarcopenia-Five combined with Elderly and Body Mass Index Information (SARC-F+EBM), Calf Circumference, Ishii score, Mini Sarcopenia Risk Assessment-5 (MSRA-5), and the finger-ring test.Conclusions:Research on sarcopenia screening tools for the elderly population in China is still in its early stages, primarily focusing on the localization of tools developed abroad. Future research should further develop, optimize, and validate screening tools tailored to the characteristics of the Chinese elderly population to support the prevention and management of sarcopenia.

ObjectiveTo investigate the chemical hazards in the production line of lithium batteries, so as to provide a scientific basis for the management of occupational-health risk and to promote the healthy and sustainable development of the lithium battery industry. MethodsAn on-site survey on the process flow of the production of lithium battery was conducted in an enterprise. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the occupational environment were collected by Summa canisters, carbonates and N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) were collected using activated carbon tubes, and airborne metals were collected using filter membranes. VOCs, carbonates and NMP were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and airborne metal elements in the dust samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). ResultsNon-targeted environmental monitoring results indicated that NMP was detected in the negative /positive electrode coating, assembly and drying filling workstations, dimethyl carbonate (DMC) was detected in the assembly, drying and electrolyte injection workstations, and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) was detected solely in the electrolyte injection workstation. Semi-quantitative analyses of VOCs identified 136 pollutants, including acrylonitrile and halohydrocarbons. Quantitative targeted environmental monitoring results revealed the highest geometric mean (GM) concentration of EMC (31.450 mg·m^-3) was found in the assembly and drying workstations, diethyl carbonate (DEC) was detected in all workstations. While vinylene carbonate (VC) and ethylene carbonate (EC) were detected only in electrolyte injection, assembly and drying workstations. NMP was detected in all positive electrode coating samples, with a GM concentration of 5.68 mg·m^-3 (concentration range: 4.0‒ 7.4 mg·m^-³). Lithium was exclusively detected in dust samples from the liquid injection workstation (GM: 0.014 μg·m^-³). ConclusionNMP, EMC, DEC, and other chemicals are identified at the key workstations such as the positive electrode coating, electrolyte injection, assembly and drying in the lithium production line. Furthermore, semi-quantitative VOCs analyses identified 136 pollutants, demonstrating a characteristic of multicomponent chemical exposure.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),as a global health challenge,brings heavy economic and psychological burdens to patients and their families.Accurately identifying the risk factors for COPD and excluding false associations are crucial for understanding its pathogenesis and formulating prevention strategies.Mendelian randomization(MR),as a supplementary method,has shown great potential in reducing the interference of confounding factors,lowering the cost of experimental research,and avoiding experimental ethical issues.This article focuses on MR and its main derivative methods,discusses their basic principles and applicable conditions,and analyzes their application effects and limitations in COPD research in combination with specific cases,enabling MR to be more widely applied in the study of influencing factors of COPD.

Objective:To summarize the current application status of sarcopenia screening tools among community-dwelling older adults and explore the suitability of various tools in different contexts.Methods:A comprehensive search was conducted in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP, China Biology Medicine disc, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase for literature related to sarcopenia screening tools, from database inception to November 30, 2024. Two researchers independently screened the literature and extracted relevant data.Results:A total of 19 articles were included, covering seven screening tools: the Sarcopenia-Five (SARC-F) questionnaire, Sarcopenia combined with Calf Circumference (SARC-CALF), Sarcopenia-Five combined with Elderly and Body Mass Index Information (SARC-F+EBM), Calf Circumference, Ishii score, Mini Sarcopenia Risk Assessment-5 (MSRA-5), and the finger-ring test.Conclusions:Research on sarcopenia screening tools for the elderly population in China is still in its early stages, primarily focusing on the localization of tools developed abroad. Future research should further develop, optimize, and validate screening tools tailored to the characteristics of the Chinese elderly population to support the prevention and management of sarcopenia.