Background The prevalence of chronic diseases among the Chinese occupational population is rising steadily, with hypertension and diabetes becoming important health concerns. Occupational health examinations (OHE) provide stable population coverage, standardized protocols, and fixed follow-up intervals, offering a robust data foundation for risk assessment. However, most existing hypertension prediction studies rely on cross-sectional data and mainly focus on clinic onset, failing to capture the dynamic progression and cumulation of individual risk. Objective To construct a machine learning-based risk prediction model for blood pressure abnormality in occupational populations, providing a reference for health risk stratification and targeted health interventions. Methods Longitudinal data from 2020 to 2023 were extracted from the occupational health examination database of an institution in Shanghai. After excluding individuals with hypertension in any of the first three years, 3710 workers who participated 4 consecutive years of OHE were included. Six categories of blood pressure-related indicators from 2020 to 2022 were selected, including basic information, lifestyles, occupational exposures, cardiovascular indicators, routine blood tests, and biochemical markers, comprising 30 variables in total. For feature engineering, continuous variables were processed to reflect three-year dynamic characteristics: level (mean), variability (variance), and temporal trend (slope). Categorical variables were incorporated using 2022 values. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was applied to identify variables for inclusion in the machine learning models. Five models (decision tree, logistic regression, random forest, support vector machine, and XGBoost) were employed to predict blood pressure abnormality risk in 2023. And then sensitive analysis was conducted. The optimal model was selected based on the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic. Feature importance and SHAP analyses were applied to interpret the final model. Results Feature engineering transformed 17 continuous variables into 51 secondary variables, combined with 13 baseline variables, resulted in 24 variables screened out by LASSO regression. The logistic regression model achieved the best performance. Feature importance analysis indicated that the dynamic trajectory of blood pressure played a central role in the model, complemented by other biochemical and lifestyle indicators. SHAP analysis further showed that the model’s ability to not only identify risks of high-normal blood pressure and hypertension but also quantify the specific contribution of individual examination indicators to predicted risk, supporting risk-stratified population management in occupational health management. Conclusion Based on an existing occupational health examination database and routinely collected data, this study has developed a risk prediction model for blood pressure abnormalities in occupational populations. By incorporating dynamic change characteristics from longitudinal examinations, the study demonstrates the feasibility of using routine health data for early risk identification and stratified management. However, its applicability is limited by the availability of repeated examination data and the focus on specific occupational groups, requiring further validation across broader populations and diverse clinic scenarios.

As a primary approach to safeguarding workers' occupational health in China, the work-related injury insurance still has insufficient preventive measures for occupational groups. By reviewing the preventive measures embedded in Germany’s statutory accident insurance (Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung) and Japan’s workers’ accident compensation insurance, this study summarized their best practices and then proposed the following policy directions based on China’s specific context: strengthening the prevention-oriented institutional framework, increasing financial investment in occupational injury prevention, improving the incentive mechanisms of floating premium rate, and promoting data integration and intelligent applications in occupational health management. These measures are expected to shift China’s work-related injury insurance system from a compensation-oriented model to one that emphasizes comprehensive prevention and health promotion, thereby providing useful insights for better safeguarding the health of Chinese workers.

Objective:To investigate the construction of fluorinated human serum albumin (F-HSA) nanoparticles loaded with epirubicin (EPI) EPI@F-HSA and its potential in urothelium penetration after bladder perfusion in female C57 mice.Methods:From January 2023 to December 2023, HSA and EPI were selected as raw materials to synthesize albumin nanoparticles loaded with EPI (EPI@HSA) based on the principles of biomineralization. EPI@F-HSA was synthesized through an amide reaction. The molecular descriptor of hydrated particles were measured by dynamic light scattering and potentiometric analyzer, and the release curve of EPI in vitro was plotted at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h. The inhibitory effect of EPI@HSA and EPI@F-HSA nanoparticles on MB49 tumor cell activity was determined by MTT assay. The fluorescence distribution of EPI in mouse bladder sections after drug infusion was recorded by confocal microscope and the difference of fluorescence density of EPI was examined by Tukey post-hoc test to reflect the urothelium permeability.Results:The average hydrated particle sizes of EPI@HSA and EPI@F-HSA were 28.2 nm and 32.7 nm, respectively, and the polydispersity index (PDI) were 0.102 and 0.154. The cumulative EPI release of EPI@HSA and EPI@F-HSA nanoparticles within 12 h were 60.5% and 58.2% respectively in pH 5.0 buffer solution, and were 32.8% and 27.1% in pH 7.4 buffer solution. The median inhibitory concentrations of EPI@HSA and EPI@F-HSA nanoparticles on MB49 bladder cancer cells were 1.848 μmol/L and 1.650 μmol/L respectively. After perfusion with EPI, EPI@HSA, and EPI@F-HSA, the fluorescence intensities of EPI in the bladder wall were 2.63±0.43, 3.22±0.20 and 8.71±0.70, respectively, and the EPI fluorescence intensity of EPI@F-HSA was significantly higher than that of EPI@HSA ( P<0.01) and free EPI ( P<0.01). Conclusions:The fluorinated albumin nanoparticles had uniform particle size, good stability, significant inhibition of tumor cell activity and osmotic potential in urothelium, which had the potential to improve the anti-tumor efficacy and were expected to become a new drug delivery system targeting bladder cancer.

Objective:To summarize the current application status of sarcopenia screening tools among community-dwelling older adults and explore the suitability of various tools in different contexts.Methods:A comprehensive search was conducted in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP, China Biology Medicine disc, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase for literature related to sarcopenia screening tools, from database inception to November 30, 2024. Two researchers independently screened the literature and extracted relevant data.Results:A total of 19 articles were included, covering seven screening tools: the Sarcopenia-Five (SARC-F) questionnaire, Sarcopenia combined with Calf Circumference (SARC-CALF), Sarcopenia-Five combined with Elderly and Body Mass Index Information (SARC-F+EBM), Calf Circumference, Ishii score, Mini Sarcopenia Risk Assessment-5 (MSRA-5), and the finger-ring test.Conclusions:Research on sarcopenia screening tools for the elderly population in China is still in its early stages, primarily focusing on the localization of tools developed abroad. Future research should further develop, optimize, and validate screening tools tailored to the characteristics of the Chinese elderly population to support the prevention and management of sarcopenia.

Objective:To investigate the construction of fluorinated human serum albumin (F-HSA) nanoparticles loaded with epirubicin (EPI) EPI@F-HSA and its potential in urothelium penetration after bladder perfusion in female C57 mice.Methods:From January 2023 to December 2023, HSA and EPI were selected as raw materials to synthesize albumin nanoparticles loaded with EPI (EPI@HSA) based on the principles of biomineralization. EPI@F-HSA was synthesized through an amide reaction. The molecular descriptor of hydrated particles were measured by dynamic light scattering and potentiometric analyzer, and the release curve of EPI in vitro was plotted at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h. The inhibitory effect of EPI@HSA and EPI@F-HSA nanoparticles on MB49 tumor cell activity was determined by MTT assay. The fluorescence distribution of EPI in mouse bladder sections after drug infusion was recorded by confocal microscope and the difference of fluorescence density of EPI was examined by Tukey post-hoc test to reflect the urothelium permeability.Results:The average hydrated particle sizes of EPI@HSA and EPI@F-HSA were 28.2 nm and 32.7 nm, respectively, and the polydispersity index (PDI) were 0.102 and 0.154. The cumulative EPI release of EPI@HSA and EPI@F-HSA nanoparticles within 12 h were 60.5% and 58.2% respectively in pH 5.0 buffer solution, and were 32.8% and 27.1% in pH 7.4 buffer solution. The median inhibitory concentrations of EPI@HSA and EPI@F-HSA nanoparticles on MB49 bladder cancer cells were 1.848 μmol/L and 1.650 μmol/L respectively. After perfusion with EPI, EPI@HSA, and EPI@F-HSA, the fluorescence intensities of EPI in the bladder wall were 2.63±0.43, 3.22±0.20 and 8.71±0.70, respectively, and the EPI fluorescence intensity of EPI@F-HSA was significantly higher than that of EPI@HSA ( P<0.01) and free EPI ( P<0.01). Conclusions:The fluorinated albumin nanoparticles had uniform particle size, good stability, significant inhibition of tumor cell activity and osmotic potential in urothelium, which had the potential to improve the anti-tumor efficacy and were expected to become a new drug delivery system targeting bladder cancer.

Objective:To summarize the current application status of sarcopenia screening tools among community-dwelling older adults and explore the suitability of various tools in different contexts.Methods:A comprehensive search was conducted in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP, China Biology Medicine disc, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase for literature related to sarcopenia screening tools, from database inception to November 30, 2024. Two researchers independently screened the literature and extracted relevant data.Results:A total of 19 articles were included, covering seven screening tools: the Sarcopenia-Five (SARC-F) questionnaire, Sarcopenia combined with Calf Circumference (SARC-CALF), Sarcopenia-Five combined with Elderly and Body Mass Index Information (SARC-F+EBM), Calf Circumference, Ishii score, Mini Sarcopenia Risk Assessment-5 (MSRA-5), and the finger-ring test.Conclusions:Research on sarcopenia screening tools for the elderly population in China is still in its early stages, primarily focusing on the localization of tools developed abroad. Future research should further develop, optimize, and validate screening tools tailored to the characteristics of the Chinese elderly population to support the prevention and management of sarcopenia.

Objective:To evaluate spinal-pelvic mobility and sagittal spinal-pelvic alignment characteristics in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), and to investigate differences in sagittal spinal-pelvic parameters between patients with DDH and those with osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH).Methods:A total of 55 patients with DDH who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University between April 2021 and March 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The cohort included 8 males and 47 females, with a mean age of 56.16±10.82 years (range: 26-76 years). Among them, 18 patients had bilateral DDH and 37 had unilateral DDH. Fifty-five age- and sex-matched patients with ONFH were selected as the control group. Unilateral DDH cases were classified according to the Hartofilakidis classification: 18 cases of type A, 13 cases of type B, and 6 cases of type C. Lateral spinal-pelvic radiographs were used to measure pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), sacral slope (SS), and lumbar lordosis (LL) in both standing and sitting positions. Changes in sagittal spinal-pelvic parameters between standing and sitting positions were analyzed to assess spinal-pelvic mobility. Spinal-pelvic mobility was considered abnormal if △SS was outside the range of 10°-30°. Abnormal mobility was further categorized as stiffness (△SS<10°) or hypermobility (△SS>30°).Results:The PI (52.37°±12.43°), standing PT (12.13°±9.50°), and sitting PT (36.49°±13.43°) of DDH patients were significantly higher than those of ONFH patients (44.88°±11.38°, 7.80°±11.36°, and 28.91°±11.38°, respectively), with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). Abnormal spinal-pelvic mobility, including both stiffness and hypermobility, was observed in 53% of DDH patients, with stiffness accounting for 20%. These proportions were significantly higher than those in ONFH patients, which were 24% and 6%, respectively ( P<0.05). The prevalence of abnormal spinal-pelvic mobility in Hartofilakidis type C DDH patients was 83%, significantly higher than the 30.8% observed in type B patients (χ 2=4.550, P=0.033). The standing LL (54.37°±11.59°) and sitting LL (28.56°±15.51°) in unilateral DDH patients were significantly greater than those in bilateral DDH patients (46.88°±15.30° and 20.42°±9.77°, respectively), with statistically significant differences ( P< 0.05). Conclusions:Compared with patients with ONFH, those with DDH demonstrate a higher prevalence of abnormal spinal-pelvic mobility, particularly a greater incidence of spinal stiffness. Among DDH subtypes, Hartofilakidis type C patients exhibit a higher proportion of abnormal mobility compared to types A and B. Additionally, patients with unilateral DDH present with greater lumbar lordosis than those with bilateral involvement.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),as a global health challenge,brings heavy economic and psychological burdens to patients and their families.Accurately identifying the risk factors for COPD and excluding false associations are crucial for understanding its pathogenesis and formulating prevention strategies.Mendelian randomization(MR),as a supplementary method,has shown great potential in reducing the interference of confounding factors,lowering the cost of experimental research,and avoiding experimental ethical issues.This article focuses on MR and its main derivative methods,discusses their basic principles and applicable conditions,and analyzes their application effects and limitations in COPD research in combination with specific cases,enabling MR to be more widely applied in the study of influencing factors of COPD.

Green prescription is a written prescription aimed at improving health by promoting physical activity and improving diet， with advantages such as high cost-effectiveness， strong feasibility， and minimal harm to patients. The theory of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） green prescription integrates the health philosophy of "following rule of yin and yang， and adjusting ways to cultivating health"， the exercise philosophy of balancing yin-yang and the five elements， and the dietary philosophy of moderation and balance， which embody core TCM concepts such as treating disease before its onset and harmony between humans and nature. It has also developed traditional exercise practices like Tai Chi， Baduanjin， Wuqinxi， Yi-Gin-Ching， and Qigong， as well as dietary adjustments like medicated diet and herbal wines. However， it is believed that the TCM green prescription currently suffers from insufficient evidence-based research， low patient awareness and acceptance， and weak basic research. Based on this， it is proposed that large-sample clinical trials should be conducted in the future to improve the quality of evidence-based medicine， basic research can be carried out with the help of artificial intelligence and other methods in research design， the hospital information system （HIS） can be used for control at the implementation level， and publicity and patient education can be strengthened through the new media， so as to promote the development and application of the TCM green prescriptions in the field of global health treatment.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),as a global health challenge,brings heavy economic and psychological burdens to patients and their families.Accurately identifying the risk factors for COPD and excluding false associations are crucial for understanding its pathogenesis and formulating prevention strategies.Mendelian randomization(MR),as a supplementary method,has shown great potential in reducing the interference of confounding factors,lowering the cost of experimental research,and avoiding experimental ethical issues.This article focuses on MR and its main derivative methods,discusses their basic principles and applicable conditions,and analyzes their application effects and limitations in COPD research in combination with specific cases,enabling MR to be more widely applied in the study of influencing factors of COPD.