Objective To estimate the lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of thyroid cancer due to radiation in individuals undergoing chest computed tomography (CT) examinations. Methods Scanning parameters were retrospectively collected from DICOM files of 660 individuals who underwent chest CT scans between 2022 and 2024. Individuals were stratified by age and sex. Size-specific dose estimates were calculated using a formula based on the volume CT dose index for each individual. The radiation doses received by the thyroid were estimated. The cancer risk prediction model from the US National Academy of Sciences report on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation was referenced to predict the LAR of thyroid cancer. Results The LAR of thyroid cancer for males/females was 25.170/100 000 and 140.177/100 000 in the ≥ 0 and<5 years of age group, 21.779/100 000 and 102.498/100 000 in the ≥5 and <10 years of age group, 22.987/100 000 and 128.934/100 000 in the ≥10 and <15 years of age group, and 4.979/100 000 and 12.490/100 000 in the ≥15 years of age group. A Spearman correlation analysis showed that age was highly correlated with volume CT dose index, size-specific dose estimates, radiation dose received by the thyroid, and thyroid cancer LAR, with correlation coefficients of 0.887, 0.737, 0.737, and −0.41 (P<0.01), respectively. Sex was correlated with radiation dose received by the thyroid and thyroid cancer LAR, with correlation coefficients of 0.179 and 0.441 (P<0.01), respectively. Conclusion Chest CT scan leads to an increased LAR of thyroid cancer. Appropriate protective measures for the thyroid should be considered during chest CT scan to reduce the impact of radiation on the thyroid.

Background Coal workers' pneumoconiosis is a serious occupational disease in China. Exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can serve as the "breath fingerprint" of internal pathological processes, which provides a theoretical basis for exhaled VOCs to be used as potential non-invasive biomarkers for early diagnosis of coal workers' pneumoconiosis. Objective To screen out the characteristic VOCs and important characteristic VOCs of exhaled air in patients with coal workers' pneumoconiosis, and to explore the potential of these VOCs as biomarkers for early non-invasive diagnosis of the disease. Methods In this study, 27 VOCs in the exhaled breath of 22 patients with stage I coal workers' pneumoconiosis, 77 workers exposed to dust, and 92 healthy controls were quantitatively detected by thermal desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS). Substances with P<0.05 in univariate analysis and variable importance projection (VIP) >1 in supervised orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model were selected as the characteristic VOCs for early diagnosis of coal workers' pneumoconiosis. Age was included in the LASSO regression model as a covariate to screen out important characteristic VOCs, and the diagnostic performance was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Spearman correlation was further used to explore the correlation between important characteristic VOCs and clinical lung function indicators. Results Through univariate analysis and OPLS-DA modeling, 8 VOCs were selected, including 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, n-hexane, methylcyclopentane, n-heptane, methylcyclohexane, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, and 2-hexanone, in exhaled breath of patients with coal workers' pneumoconiosis. The concentrations of 4 VOCs, including 3-methylpentane, n-hexane, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, and 2-hexanone, showed a decreasing trend with the increase of dust exposure years. By LASSO regression, the important characteristic VOCs of the coal workers' pneumoconiosis group and the dust exposure group were n-hexane, methylcyclohexane and 4-methyl-2-pentanone, and the important characteristic VOCs of the coal workers' pneumoconiosis group and the healthy group were 2-methyl-pentane and 4-methyl-2-pentanone. The ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of n-hexane, methylcyclohexane, and 4-methyl-2-pentanone were 0.969, 0.909, and 0.956, respectively, and the AUC of combined diagnosis was 0.988 and its Youden index was 0.961, suggesting that these results can serve as a valuable reference for further research on early diagnosis. The Correlation analysis found that there was a positive correlation between n-hexane and lung function indicators in the important characteristic VOCs, indicating that it could indirectly reflect the obstruction of lung function ventilation, further proving that important characteristic VOCs have the potential to monitor lung function decline. Conclusion Three important characteristic VOCs selected in this study have the potential to be used as non-invasive biomarkers for early diagnosis and disease monitoring of coal workers' pneumoconiosis, and are worthy of further study and verification.

AIM:To investigate the potential mechanism of licorice on liver injury induced by Se-men Strychni based on network pharmacology,mo-lecular docking combined with animal experiments,providing an effective strategy for prevention and treatment of liver injury induced by Semen Strych-ni.METHODS:Firstly,the active ingredients of Se-men Strychni and licorice were obtained through the ETCM,TCMSP database and analysis platform,CTD database and literature supplementation.Then,the potential toxic ingredients of Semen Strychni were further screened based on the Swis-sADME platform,and the targets corresponding to the active ingredients were predicted through the SwissTargetPrediction platform.By using the Gene-Cards and OMIM databases to collect DILI-related targets,the potential targets for licorice to alleviate liver injury caused by Semen Strychni were ob-tained.By constructing the active ingredient-target network,the core ingredients of licorice in alleviat-ing liver injury caused by Semen Strychni were screened.The key targets obtained were used to construct and analyze the protein-protein interac-tion networks(PPI)through the STRING database and Cytoscape 3.9.0 software.The potential targets were subjected to GO and KEGG pathway enrich-ment analysis with the aid of the DAVID database,and constructed a network of active ingredient-tar-get-pathway.Molecular docking study was ap-proved for the core targets and the active ingredi-ents by using Schrodinger 2023-1 software,and the visualization operation was conducted through Py-mol.Finally,the regulatory effect of licorice on the key pathway of liver injury caused by Semen Strych-ni was validated by establishing a rat model of liver injury induced by Semen Strychni.RESULTS:After screening,6 potential toxic components of Semen Strychni and 104 corresponding targets,89 active components of licorice and 347 corresponding tar-gets,and 3 200 DILI targets were obtained.A total of 23 intersection targets were obtained through Venn analysis.By constructing the active ingredi-ent-target network,it was found that the main core ingredients were 7-methoxy-2-methyl isofla-vone,medicarpin,shinpterocarpin,quercetin,for-mononetin and isoliquiritigenin.The PPI network indicated that the core targets were protein kinase B1(AKT1),epidermal growth factor receptor(EG-FR),human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(ERBB2),glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta(GSK3B),kinase insert domain receptor(KDR)and Janus ki-nase 2(JAK2).A total of 39 relevant pathways were enriched in KEGG(P＜0.01),among which the phos-phatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)-protein kinase B(AKT)(PI3K-AKT)signaling pathway,which has been confirmed and ranks first in enrichment,and was closely related to liver injury.Molecular docking re-sults showed that the core components have good binding ability with the core targets.In vivo animal experiments demonstrated that,compared to the model group,licorice significantly reduced the liver index(P＜0.01),serum levels of alkaline phospha-tase(ALP),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspar-tate aminotransferase(AST),indirect bilirubin(IBIL),and total bilirubin(TBIL)in rats with liver in-jury,while increasing total protein(TP)levels(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Additionally,licorice alleviated con-gestion in the central veins and hepatic sinusoids,improved the alignment of hepatocytes,and re-duced inflammatory cell infiltration.Furthermore,licorice significantly decreased the levels of malo-ndialdehyde(MDA),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and interleukin-6(IL-6)in the liver tissue of injured rats,while elevating the levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathi-one peroxidase(GSH-Px)(P＜0.01).It also markedly downregulated the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION:Licorice has multi-component and multi-target properties in the treat-ment of liver injury induced by Semen Strychni,which may play a hepatoprotective role by inhibit-ing the activation of PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.

AIM:To investigate the potential mechanism of licorice on liver injury induced by Se-men Strychni based on network pharmacology,mo-lecular docking combined with animal experiments,providing an effective strategy for prevention and treatment of liver injury induced by Semen Strych-ni.METHODS:Firstly,the active ingredients of Se-men Strychni and licorice were obtained through the ETCM,TCMSP database and analysis platform,CTD database and literature supplementation.Then,the potential toxic ingredients of Semen Strychni were further screened based on the Swis-sADME platform,and the targets corresponding to the active ingredients were predicted through the SwissTargetPrediction platform.By using the Gene-Cards and OMIM databases to collect DILI-related targets,the potential targets for licorice to alleviate liver injury caused by Semen Strychni were ob-tained.By constructing the active ingredient-target network,the core ingredients of licorice in alleviat-ing liver injury caused by Semen Strychni were screened.The key targets obtained were used to construct and analyze the protein-protein interac-tion networks(PPI)through the STRING database and Cytoscape 3.9.0 software.The potential targets were subjected to GO and KEGG pathway enrich-ment analysis with the aid of the DAVID database,and constructed a network of active ingredient-tar-get-pathway.Molecular docking study was ap-proved for the core targets and the active ingredi-ents by using Schrodinger 2023-1 software,and the visualization operation was conducted through Py-mol.Finally,the regulatory effect of licorice on the key pathway of liver injury caused by Semen Strych-ni was validated by establishing a rat model of liver injury induced by Semen Strychni.RESULTS:After screening,6 potential toxic components of Semen Strychni and 104 corresponding targets,89 active components of licorice and 347 corresponding tar-gets,and 3 200 DILI targets were obtained.A total of 23 intersection targets were obtained through Venn analysis.By constructing the active ingredi-ent-target network,it was found that the main core ingredients were 7-methoxy-2-methyl isofla-vone,medicarpin,shinpterocarpin,quercetin,for-mononetin and isoliquiritigenin.The PPI network indicated that the core targets were protein kinase B1(AKT1),epidermal growth factor receptor(EG-FR),human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(ERBB2),glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta(GSK3B),kinase insert domain receptor(KDR)and Janus ki-nase 2(JAK2).A total of 39 relevant pathways were enriched in KEGG(P＜0.01),among which the phos-phatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)-protein kinase B(AKT)(PI3K-AKT)signaling pathway,which has been confirmed and ranks first in enrichment,and was closely related to liver injury.Molecular docking re-sults showed that the core components have good binding ability with the core targets.In vivo animal experiments demonstrated that,compared to the model group,licorice significantly reduced the liver index(P＜0.01),serum levels of alkaline phospha-tase(ALP),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspar-tate aminotransferase(AST),indirect bilirubin(IBIL),and total bilirubin(TBIL)in rats with liver in-jury,while increasing total protein(TP)levels(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Additionally,licorice alleviated con-gestion in the central veins and hepatic sinusoids,improved the alignment of hepatocytes,and re-duced inflammatory cell infiltration.Furthermore,licorice significantly decreased the levels of malo-ndialdehyde(MDA),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and interleukin-6(IL-6)in the liver tissue of injured rats,while elevating the levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathi-one peroxidase(GSH-Px)(P＜0.01).It also markedly downregulated the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION:Licorice has multi-component and multi-target properties in the treat-ment of liver injury induced by Semen Strychni,which may play a hepatoprotective role by inhibit-ing the activation of PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.

Objective To evaluate the application of ELISA randomized quality control,and continuously improve the laboratory testing capacity and quality assurance,in order to gradually improve the application of randomized quality control to the daily testing of ELISA.Methods Collected the quality control data of KEHUA HBsAg,compared the difference between randomized quality control data and immobilized quality control data.Group comparison of randomization quality control between rows and columns.The randomized quality control data were analyzed retrospectively and the quality control chart was established by using the randomized quality control data.Analyzed and compared the lost-control situation of randomized quality control and immobilized quality control.Results Randomized quality control S/CO value(2.831±0.343)and immobilized quality control S/CO value(2.651±0.260)in the same microplate,the difference between two was statistically significant(t=5.970,P＜0.05).The differences between randomized quality control and immobilized quality control in columns 2 to 8 were statistically significant(t=2.285～5.536,all P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences between randomized quality control and immobilized quality control in column 9 to 12(t=0.031～1.605,all P>0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in randomization quality control among all lines(F=0.858,P＞0.05).The randomized quality control data was used to establish a quality control chart.Within the time range of the collected data,the randomized quality control was out of control for 6 times,all were greater than+3s,and the loss of control rate was 4.72%(6/127).Fixed position quality control lost control 9 times during the same period,all of which were greater than+3s,with a loss of control rate of 0.61%(9/1 481).Conclusion The randomized quality control has a greater possibility to reflect the factors affecting all the samples on the microporous plate.Random quality control can be used to find possible systematic errors in testing.Randomized quality control can gradually be fully applied to daily indoor quality control,but the loss of control rate and coefficient of variation may increase.

The advancement of surgical techniques enables effective treatment for many patients with oral and maxillofacial tumors.How-ever,post-surgery problems such as chewing,swallowing and speech difficulty may arise due to the defects in speech organs and inade-quate compensatory function of tissue flap repair.Speech disorders,in particular,isolate patients by making it difficult for them to com-municate with others,not only impact their quality of life but also potentially lead to psychological problems and social interaction disor-ders.Although the decline in life quality and other related issues caused by speech dysfunction due to surgery and radiotherapy or chemo-therapy have been widely recognized,there is currently no standardized and universally applicable assessment method and standardized re-habilitation treatment management guideline or consensus for speech disorders following oral and maxillofacial tumor surgery at home and abroad.Based on previous clinical practice,combined with the characteristics of speech disorders in patients after oral and maxillofacial tumor surgery,the clinical experience of the experts in maxillofacial tumor surgery and rehabilitation and the relevant domestic and foreign literature,relevant experts organized discussions and modifications,reach a consensus on core content such as the assessment of speech disorders and the implementation plan for early rehabilitation treatment management,providing a reference for clinical practice,in order to improve patients'speech-related life quality and enhance the assessment and rehabilitation treatment techniques for speech disorders after oral and maxillofacial tumor surgery.

OBJECTIVE To observe the causal association between colorectal cancer and sepsis by means of bidirec-tional two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR).METHODS The Genome Wide Association Study(GWAS)datasets for colorectal cancer and sepsis were retrieved from the GWAS databases between its establishment and Feb.1,2024.MR was carried out for the colorectal cancer and sepsis interacting as exposure and outcome factors.The single nucleotide polymorhpism(SNPs)that were significantly associated with the exposure factors were screened out by setting P as less than 5.0× 10-8,r2 less than 0.001,the genetic distance 10,000 kb.The SNPs that were remarkably associated with the exposure factors were extracted from the GWAS datasets of the outcome variables,the instrumental variable were finally obtained,the inverse variance weighting(IVW)was taken as the main approach for the causal inference.The level pleiotropy was tested by using MR Egger method and MR-PRESSO,the heterogeneity was tested by IVW method and MR-Egger method,the sensitivity was analyzed by leave-one-out method,and the robustness of the result was tested.RESULTS A total of 30 SNPs were screed out by setting the colorectal cancer as exposure factor and the sepsis as outcome variable(F＞10);there was causal as-sociation between the colorectal cancer and the sepsis(OR=28.955,95％CI:1.215 to 690.052,P=0.037).Totally 14 SNPs were screened out by setting the sepsis as exposure factor and the colorectal cancer as treatment variable(F＞10),and there was no causal association between the colorectal cancer and the sepsis(OR=0.999,95％CI:0.997 to 1.002,P=0.674).There was no level pleiotropy in the instrumental variables during the two times of MR analysis;there was no heterogeneity in the instrumental variables,and the result of the MR analysis was robust.CONCLUSION There is causal association between the colorectal cancer and the increases of risk of sepsis.But there is no causal association between the sepsis and the increase of risk of colorectal cancer.

Objective To explore the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced(DCE)-MRI quantitative parameters based on differential sub-sampling with Cartesian ordering(DISCO)technology for differentiating high-and low-grade breast cancer.Methods A total of 80 patients with single breast cancer confirmed by biopsy pathology were retrospectively enrolled,including 40 cases of low-grade(L group)and 40 cases of high-grade breast cancer(H group).Then quantitative parameters obtained from DISCO-DCE-MRI before treatment were compared between groups,including extravascular extracellular volume fraction(Ve),rate constant(Kep),contrast enhancement ratio(CER),maximum slope(MaxSlope)and volume transfer constant(Ktrans),and their correlations with histological grade were analyzed.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves of DISCO-DCE-MRI quantitative parameters being significantly different between groups were plotted,and the area under the curves(AUC)were calculated to evaluate their efficacy for differentiating high-and low-grade breast cancer.Results Ve(0.91[0.59,0.99]),CER(2.76±0.54)and MaxSlope(0.02[0.01,0.03])in L group were all higher than those in H group(0.52[0.34,0.73],[2.31±0.74],0.01[0.01,0.02],all P＜0.05),and no significant difference of Kep nor Ktrans was found between groups(both P＞0.05).Ve,CER and MaxSlope of breast cancer were all negatively correlated with histological grade(rs=-0.43,-0.39,-0.35,all P＜0.05),while Kep andKtranshad no significant correlation with histological grade(both P＞0.05).The AUC of Ve,CER and MaxSlope for differentiating high-and low-grade breast cancer was 0.749,0.725 and 0.700,respectively.Conclusion Among DISCO-DCE-MRI quantitative parameters,Ve,CER and MaxSlope could be used for differentiating high-and low-grade breast cancer.

Hypertension is a systemic chronic vascular disease. From the perspective of Traditional Chinese Syndromes, hypertension belongs to the category of liver fire, vertigo, liver yang, headache and so on. Chinese medicine treatment of hypertension has gradually become a hot research topic, and using Chinese herbal medicine to reduce blood pressure has also achieved good results. In recent years, researches on anti-hypotension of Bidens pilosa L. has gradually increased. The related research of Bidens pilosa L., including the ancient literature, modern research, functional components and mechanism were mainly summarized, the application of Bidens pilosa L. in lowering blood pressure were anticipated, with a view to provide reference for the further development and utilization of Bidens pilosa L. in treatment of hypertension.

Multi-target analgesics with minimal side effects and high efficacy are a key research focus in addressing the global pain crisis. Using a molecular networking approach, five pairs of potent analgesic alkaloid enantiomers were isolated from the roots of Anacyclus pyrethrum (A. pyrethrum). Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis, including LR-HSQMBC and ¹H-¹⁵N HMBC, quantum ¹³C NMR DP4+ and ECD calculations, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Anacyphrethines A (1) and B (2) are highly conjugated and polymethylated 6/6/6/6/5/7/5/5-fused octacyclic tetraazabic alkaloids possessing an unprecedented 8,14,18,24-tetraaza-octacyclo[16.8.2.1^1,23.0^4,28.0^5,17.0^9,16.0^11,15.0^21,27] nonacosane motif. Their biosynthetic pathways are proposed involving key aldol, hydroamination, and Schiff base reactions. All isolates showed potent analgesic effects in vivo. Even at a lower dose of 0.2 mg/kg, (±)-1 and (+)-1 still exhibited more potent analgesic activities than morphine. Interestingly, the racemic mixture (±)-1 showed stronger analgesic effect than either pure enantiomer alone at higher doses of 5 and 1 mg/kg; while, (±)-1 showed significant analgesic activities comparable to (+)-1 at lower doses of 0.2 and 0.04 mg/kg. (+)-1 had stronger analgesic effect than (-)-1 at five tested does. Further tests on 44 analgesic-related targets demonstrated that (+)-1 showed significant inhibitory effects against many ion channels such as TRPM8, Kv1.2, Kv1.3, and Ca_v2.1 with IC₅₀ values of 1.10 ± 0.26, 4.20 ± 0.07, 2.20 ± 0.24, and 10.40 ± 0.69 μmol/L, respectively, while (-)-1 primarily inhibited TRPC6, Kv1.2, and Kv1.3 ion channels with IC₅₀ values of 0.81 ± 0.05, 0.91 ± 0.04, and 1.50 ± 0.13 μmol/L, respectively, without affecting the opioid receptors, suggesting their non-opioid analgesic potentials. The molecular dockings provided structural guidance to develop potent non-opioid analgesics.