Recent studies have shown that the physiological homeostasis of oral mucosal cells is regulated by the circadian clock.Dis-ruption or dysfunction of the circadian clock is closely associated with the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC).Research based on the circadian clock offers a novel perspective on the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for OSCC.However,there is current-ly limited research on this topic,and people generally have insufficient understanding and recognition of the circadian clock.Given the complexity and challenges of circadian clock which is the fourth dimension of medical research,we organize relevant experts based on summarizing the current research results of circadian clock in the pathogenesis and precision diagnosis and treatment of OSCC,combining the scientific principles of the circadian clock's role and their long-term research experience,then summarizes and recommends the con-sensus opinions for the research of circadian clock in the pathogenesis mechanism and precision diagnosis and treatment of human OSCC,with the hope of providing guidance for the basic research and clinical application of circadian clock or circadian rhythm in the pathogene-sis mechanism and precision diagnosis and treatment of oral and maxillofacial squamous cell carcinoma.

AIM:To investigate the potential mechanism of licorice on liver injury induced by Se-men Strychni based on network pharmacology,mo-lecular docking combined with animal experiments,providing an effective strategy for prevention and treatment of liver injury induced by Semen Strych-ni.METHODS:Firstly,the active ingredients of Se-men Strychni and licorice were obtained through the ETCM,TCMSP database and analysis platform,CTD database and literature supplementation.Then,the potential toxic ingredients of Semen Strychni were further screened based on the Swis-sADME platform,and the targets corresponding to the active ingredients were predicted through the SwissTargetPrediction platform.By using the Gene-Cards and OMIM databases to collect DILI-related targets,the potential targets for licorice to alleviate liver injury caused by Semen Strychni were ob-tained.By constructing the active ingredient-target network,the core ingredients of licorice in alleviat-ing liver injury caused by Semen Strychni were screened.The key targets obtained were used to construct and analyze the protein-protein interac-tion networks(PPI)through the STRING database and Cytoscape 3.9.0 software.The potential targets were subjected to GO and KEGG pathway enrich-ment analysis with the aid of the DAVID database,and constructed a network of active ingredient-tar-get-pathway.Molecular docking study was ap-proved for the core targets and the active ingredi-ents by using Schrodinger 2023-1 software,and the visualization operation was conducted through Py-mol.Finally,the regulatory effect of licorice on the key pathway of liver injury caused by Semen Strych-ni was validated by establishing a rat model of liver injury induced by Semen Strychni.RESULTS:After screening,6 potential toxic components of Semen Strychni and 104 corresponding targets,89 active components of licorice and 347 corresponding tar-gets,and 3 200 DILI targets were obtained.A total of 23 intersection targets were obtained through Venn analysis.By constructing the active ingredi-ent-target network,it was found that the main core ingredients were 7-methoxy-2-methyl isofla-vone,medicarpin,shinpterocarpin,quercetin,for-mononetin and isoliquiritigenin.The PPI network indicated that the core targets were protein kinase B1(AKT1),epidermal growth factor receptor(EG-FR),human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(ERBB2),glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta(GSK3B),kinase insert domain receptor(KDR)and Janus ki-nase 2(JAK2).A total of 39 relevant pathways were enriched in KEGG(P＜0.01),among which the phos-phatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)-protein kinase B(AKT)(PI3K-AKT)signaling pathway,which has been confirmed and ranks first in enrichment,and was closely related to liver injury.Molecular docking re-sults showed that the core components have good binding ability with the core targets.In vivo animal experiments demonstrated that,compared to the model group,licorice significantly reduced the liver index(P＜0.01),serum levels of alkaline phospha-tase(ALP),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspar-tate aminotransferase(AST),indirect bilirubin(IBIL),and total bilirubin(TBIL)in rats with liver in-jury,while increasing total protein(TP)levels(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Additionally,licorice alleviated con-gestion in the central veins and hepatic sinusoids,improved the alignment of hepatocytes,and re-duced inflammatory cell infiltration.Furthermore,licorice significantly decreased the levels of malo-ndialdehyde(MDA),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and interleukin-6(IL-6)in the liver tissue of injured rats,while elevating the levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathi-one peroxidase(GSH-Px)(P＜0.01).It also markedly downregulated the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION:Licorice has multi-component and multi-target properties in the treat-ment of liver injury induced by Semen Strychni,which may play a hepatoprotective role by inhibit-ing the activation of PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.

AIM:To investigate the potential mechanism of licorice on liver injury induced by Se-men Strychni based on network pharmacology,mo-lecular docking combined with animal experiments,providing an effective strategy for prevention and treatment of liver injury induced by Semen Strych-ni.METHODS:Firstly,the active ingredients of Se-men Strychni and licorice were obtained through the ETCM,TCMSP database and analysis platform,CTD database and literature supplementation.Then,the potential toxic ingredients of Semen Strychni were further screened based on the Swis-sADME platform,and the targets corresponding to the active ingredients were predicted through the SwissTargetPrediction platform.By using the Gene-Cards and OMIM databases to collect DILI-related targets,the potential targets for licorice to alleviate liver injury caused by Semen Strychni were ob-tained.By constructing the active ingredient-target network,the core ingredients of licorice in alleviat-ing liver injury caused by Semen Strychni were screened.The key targets obtained were used to construct and analyze the protein-protein interac-tion networks(PPI)through the STRING database and Cytoscape 3.9.0 software.The potential targets were subjected to GO and KEGG pathway enrich-ment analysis with the aid of the DAVID database,and constructed a network of active ingredient-tar-get-pathway.Molecular docking study was ap-proved for the core targets and the active ingredi-ents by using Schrodinger 2023-1 software,and the visualization operation was conducted through Py-mol.Finally,the regulatory effect of licorice on the key pathway of liver injury caused by Semen Strych-ni was validated by establishing a rat model of liver injury induced by Semen Strychni.RESULTS:After screening,6 potential toxic components of Semen Strychni and 104 corresponding targets,89 active components of licorice and 347 corresponding tar-gets,and 3 200 DILI targets were obtained.A total of 23 intersection targets were obtained through Venn analysis.By constructing the active ingredi-ent-target network,it was found that the main core ingredients were 7-methoxy-2-methyl isofla-vone,medicarpin,shinpterocarpin,quercetin,for-mononetin and isoliquiritigenin.The PPI network indicated that the core targets were protein kinase B1(AKT1),epidermal growth factor receptor(EG-FR),human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(ERBB2),glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta(GSK3B),kinase insert domain receptor(KDR)and Janus ki-nase 2(JAK2).A total of 39 relevant pathways were enriched in KEGG(P＜0.01),among which the phos-phatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)-protein kinase B(AKT)(PI3K-AKT)signaling pathway,which has been confirmed and ranks first in enrichment,and was closely related to liver injury.Molecular docking re-sults showed that the core components have good binding ability with the core targets.In vivo animal experiments demonstrated that,compared to the model group,licorice significantly reduced the liver index(P＜0.01),serum levels of alkaline phospha-tase(ALP),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspar-tate aminotransferase(AST),indirect bilirubin(IBIL),and total bilirubin(TBIL)in rats with liver in-jury,while increasing total protein(TP)levels(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Additionally,licorice alleviated con-gestion in the central veins and hepatic sinusoids,improved the alignment of hepatocytes,and re-duced inflammatory cell infiltration.Furthermore,licorice significantly decreased the levels of malo-ndialdehyde(MDA),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and interleukin-6(IL-6)in the liver tissue of injured rats,while elevating the levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathi-one peroxidase(GSH-Px)(P＜0.01).It also markedly downregulated the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION:Licorice has multi-component and multi-target properties in the treat-ment of liver injury induced by Semen Strychni,which may play a hepatoprotective role by inhibit-ing the activation of PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.

Recent studies have shown that the physiological homeostasis of oral mucosal cells is regulated by the circadian clock.Dis-ruption or dysfunction of the circadian clock is closely associated with the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC).Research based on the circadian clock offers a novel perspective on the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for OSCC.However,there is current-ly limited research on this topic,and people generally have insufficient understanding and recognition of the circadian clock.Given the complexity and challenges of circadian clock which is the fourth dimension of medical research,we organize relevant experts based on summarizing the current research results of circadian clock in the pathogenesis and precision diagnosis and treatment of OSCC,combining the scientific principles of the circadian clock's role and their long-term research experience,then summarizes and recommends the con-sensus opinions for the research of circadian clock in the pathogenesis mechanism and precision diagnosis and treatment of human OSCC,with the hope of providing guidance for the basic research and clinical application of circadian clock or circadian rhythm in the pathogene-sis mechanism and precision diagnosis and treatment of oral and maxillofacial squamous cell carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE To explore the color and odor changes of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.slices from different origins,and com-bine modern machine learning technology to achieve rapid differentiation of origins.METHODS Intelligent sensory technology was used to quantify the color and represent the odor of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.slices from different geographical origins.Various data a-nalysis methods including principal component analysis(PCA),discriminant analysis,discriminant factor analysis(DFA),component heat maps,correlation analysis,machine learning and so on,were employed to establish a discrimination function for distinguishing the origin of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.slices based on color data.RESULTS Classification and screening of odor information led to the i-dentification of 10 differential markers:ethanol,carbon disulfide,cyclopentane,3-methylfuran,propylene glycol,nonane,phenol,1,5-octadienone,1,8-cineole,and sotolon.It was also found that there was a significant correlation between the color and odor of the slices.Furthermore,based on the concept of data fusion,the study established classification models such as subspace clustering,and compared to single-color discriminant analysis,the classification accuracy was improved to 94.4%.CONCLUSION The feasibility and superiority of intelligent sensory technology in classifying the geographical origin of TCM is confirmed,providing new methods and insights for quality control of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.slices.

Objective To investigate the distribution and imaging manifestations of extrapulmonary bronchogenic cyst(BC)and to make differential diagnosis.Methods The data of 32 patients with extrapulmonary BC confirmed by pathology were collected.The lesion location,CT and MRI findings were analyzed and summarized.All patients underwent plain CT scan,and 27 of them underwent enhanced CT scan.Three patients underwent MRI plain and enhanced scan.Results Of the 32 patients,24 cases were mediastinal BC including 20 cases in the anterior mediastinum and other 4 cases in the posterior mediastinum.8 cases were ectopic BC,including 2 cases in the upper chest wall,4 cases in the gastric cardia,1 case in the greater curvature of the stomach,and 1 case in the left adre-nal gland.All lesions were single with clear boundary.The lesions were mainly round in shape(22 cases),and a few were flat/"D"shape(10 cases).There were no significant differences in the included signs between mediastinal BC and ectopic BC(P＞0.05).Nodular calcification of cyst wall was found in 2 cases.There were 4 cases with CT value＜20 HU and other 28 cases with CT value≥20 HU.The enhanced CT scan in 27 cases showed non-or mild enhancement.MRI showed hypointensity on T1WI in 2 cases,isointensity on T1WI in 1 case,hyperintensity on T2WI in 3 cases,and obvious enhancement on T1WI enhanced scan in 1 case.In addition,30 cases(93.7％)were misdiagnosed as thymic cyst(8 cases),thymoma(12 cases),neurogenic tumor(4 cases),ganglioneuroma(4 cases)and gastric stromal tumor(2 cases).Conclusion Extrapulmonary BC is rare,and most of the lesions are located near the central axis of the body with no obvious enhancement and sometimes cyst wall calcification,which has certain value for clinical diagnosis.

In the context of facing the dual challenges of aging population and declining birth rates, the absolute number of working-age population in China is decreasing, while the proportion of middle-aged and elderly workers is significantly increasing. However, China possesses a vast labor force, and the advantages of talent dividend are gradually emerging, both of which can offset the negative impact of the shrinking demographic dividend on social productivity. Labor is the most active factor among various production factors and is an important component for developing new quality productive forces. With the development of new quality productive forces, occupational health and occupational medicine are presented with new development opportunities. In the process of aging of the labor force, occupational health and occupational medicine can investigate how to utilize next-generation information technology, artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and other growth engines to safeguard the occupational health of workers, extend their working lives, actively unleash their creativity and initiative, and compensate for the labor shortage caused by an aging population and the potential decrease in labor productivity. This transformation in occupational health and occupational medicine is not only crucial for the health and career development of workers in an aging society, but will also have a positive impact on the creation of an age-friendly society and the sustainable development of productivity.

OBJECTIVE To explore the color and odor changes of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.slices from different origins,and com-bine modern machine learning technology to achieve rapid differentiation of origins.METHODS Intelligent sensory technology was used to quantify the color and represent the odor of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.slices from different geographical origins.Various data a-nalysis methods including principal component analysis(PCA),discriminant analysis,discriminant factor analysis(DFA),component heat maps,correlation analysis,machine learning and so on,were employed to establish a discrimination function for distinguishing the origin of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.slices based on color data.RESULTS Classification and screening of odor information led to the i-dentification of 10 differential markers:ethanol,carbon disulfide,cyclopentane,3-methylfuran,propylene glycol,nonane,phenol,1,5-octadienone,1,8-cineole,and sotolon.It was also found that there was a significant correlation between the color and odor of the slices.Furthermore,based on the concept of data fusion,the study established classification models such as subspace clustering,and compared to single-color discriminant analysis,the classification accuracy was improved to 94.4%.CONCLUSION The feasibility and superiority of intelligent sensory technology in classifying the geographical origin of TCM is confirmed,providing new methods and insights for quality control of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.slices.

Ulcerative colitis （UC） is a chronic recurrent inflammatory bowel disease which primarily affects the colonic mucosa. The UC patients mainly present diarrhea， abdominal pain， tenesmus， and mucous bloody stools， and even malnutrition and systemic symptoms in severe cases， with rising incidence， which has a significant impact on the health and quality of life of patients. The pathogenesis of UC is not clear， and the Western medical therapies include sulfasalazine， glucocorticoids， and immunosuppressants， which， however， have side effects and unsatisfactory effects. Chinese medicine with high safety， mild adverse reactions， and a multi-component， multi-target， and multi-pathway treatment manner has garnering increasing attention. Therefore， finding the Chinese medicine to treat UC has become a hot spot. Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is one of the commonly used Chinese herbal medicines， with the effects of tonifying spleen and reinforcing qi， clearing heat and detoxifying， dispelling phlegm and relieving cough， relieving pain， and harmonizing medicines. Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma mainly contains glycyrrhizic acid， glycyrrhetinic acid， diammonium glycyrrhizinate and other active ingredients. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma has anti-inflammatory， antioxidant， antimicrobial， and immunomodulatory activities. According to statistics， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is among the top three Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of UC. The recent years have witnessed progress in the treatment of UC with Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and the related prescriptions. The present study summarized the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory， immunomodulatory， intestinal flora-regulating， cell apoptosis-inducing， and oxidative stress-reducing effects of the key chemical constituents （glycyrrhetinic acid， diammonium glycyrrhizinate， polysaccharide， glycyrrhetinic acid， and isoglycyrrhizin） and compound prescriptions of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. The findings provide a solid foundation for further development and clinical application of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.

OBJECTIVE To systematically review the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid （TXA） for hemostasis in cancer patients before and during surgery， and to provide evidence-based reference for clinical drug use. METHODS Retrieved from PubMed， Embase， the Cochrane Library， CNKI， VIP and Wanfang databases， randomized controlled trials （RCTs） about tranexamic acid （trial group） versus 0.9% Sodium chloride injection， Lactated Ringer’s solution， Compound electrolyte solution or placebo （control group） for cancer surgery were electronically searched from the inception to June 9， 2022. After literature screening and data extraction， the quality of included RCTs were evaluated by bias risk assessment tool recommended by Cochrane system evaluator manual 5.1.0. RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis or descriptive analysis， sensitivity analysis and publication bias analysis. RESULTS A total of 2 032 patients in 22 RCTs were included for meta-analysis. Results of meta-analysis showed that the blood transfusion rate [RR＝0.59， 95%CI （0.50， 0.69）， P＜0.000 01] and the volume of erythrocyte suspension infusion [MD＝－0.53， 95%CI （－0.92， －0.14）， P＝0.007] in trial group were significantly lower than control group； there was no statistical significance in the incidence of thromboembolic events [RR＝0.44， 95%CI （0.16， 1.17）， P＝0.10] or post-operative mortality [RR＝1.27， 95%CI（0.32，5.08）， P＝0.73] between two groups. Results of descriptive analysis showed that the total blood loss and postoperative drainage volume were still controversial between two groups. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that the results were basically stable. The results of publication bias analysis showed that there was little possibility of publication bias in this study. CONCLUSIONS TXA can significantly decrease the blood transfusion， reduce the volume of erythrocyte suspension infusion， whereas does not increase the incidence of thromboembolic events and post-operative mortality in cancer surgery.