Objective To investigate the diagnostic efficiency of artificial intelligence(AI)in rib frac-ture under the computed tomography(CT)images with different reconstruction slice thickness.Methods The first CT images of 100 patients with rib fractures were selected,and the interval-free recon-struction was carried out with the thickness of 0.625 mm,1.250 mm,2.500 mm and 5.000 mm,respectively.The rib fracture screening function of AI was used to automatically detect the CT images of four groups,and the diagnostic efficiency of AI for rib fracture under different reconstruction thickness conditions was com-pared.Results The sensitivity of AI in the diagnosis of rib fracture at 0.625 mm,1.250 mm,2.500 mm and 5.000 mm thickness was 99.32%(436/439),98.41%(432/439),89.52%(393/439)and 83.60%(367/439),respectively.The false positive rate was 4.80%(22/458),0.92%(4/436),0.76%(3/396)and 0.27%(1/368).The diagnostic sensitivity of AI in 0.625 mm and 1.250 mm thickness was higher than that in 2.500 mm and 5.000 mm,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in the thickness of 0.625 mm and 1.250 mm.The false positive rate of AI in the diagnosis of 0.625 mm slice thickness was higher than that of 1.250 mm,2.500 mm and 5.000 mm,and the difference was sta-tistically significant(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in the thickness of 1.250 mm,2.500 mm and 5.000 mm(P>0.05).Conclusion The diagnostic efficiency of AI in 1.250 mm CT images is better than that in 0.625 mm,2.500 mm and 5.000 mm CT images.

Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most common malignant solid tumors in children, ranks fourth in the incidence of pediatric tumors, and accounts for 15% of pediatric tumor deaths in children in China. Despite the development of new treatment options, the prognosis for high-risk patients is still poor. An animal model that can replicate the tumorigenesis of NB is an important tool for the prevention and treatment of NB. However, there are currently no animal models that can simulate all features of human NB. To provide a reference for the construction of animal models and treatment of NB, this article introduced several animal models of NB that have been extensively researched: the mouse, chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane, and zebrafish models. At the same time, it elaborated on the species, construction methods, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, and research progress in NB.

Objective:To establish mesenchymal cell bicaudal-C (Bicc1) gene conditional knockout mice models and analyze their phenotypes.Methods:Bicc1 f/+ mice were crossed with Pdgfra promoter-driven Cre mice to obtain the offspring mice. Genomic DNA was extracted from the toe and tail tissues from 1-2 weeks old mice, amplified by PCR and detected at the DNA level by agarose gel electrophoresis. Three Bicc1 gene conditional knockout mice (experimental group) and three wild-type mice (control group) were selected after identification and grew to 3 weeks of age for follow-up experiments. The Bicc1 gene was knocked out by the induction of tamoxifen intraperitoneal injection. After 1 week, the kidney, skeletal muscle, skin and adipose tissue samples were collected. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to determine the expression levels of Bicc1 mRNA in the collected tissue samples. HE and Masson staining were performed with tissue samples fixed in 10% paraformaldehyde, and observed with a light microscope. The SPSS 28.0 software was used to analyze the data, t-test was used for comparison between groups, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:Mesenchymal cell Bicc1 gene conditional knockout mice models were obtained by breeding, and the genotype was Bicc1 f/fCre +/-. The genotype of the wild-type mice was Bicc1 f/fCre -/-. RT-qPCR showed that the expression levels of Bicc1 mRNA in kidney, skeletal muscle, skin and adipose tissue of the experimental mice were significantly lower than those of the control group (all P<0.01). HE staining and Masson staining showed that compared with the control group, glomerular atrophy could be observed in the experimental group, renal capsules were irregular in shape, and some renal capsules disappeared. The arrangement of skeletal muscle fibers were loose and scattered, and the accumulation of muscle fibers was not dense. There were no significant differences between the skin and adipose tissue. Conclusion:Mesenchymal cell Bicc1 gene conditional knockout mice models were successfully established, which could provide models for studying the mechanisms of action of Bicc1 gene in different tissues and organs. Mesenchymal cell conditional Bicc1 gene knockout affected the phenotypes of kidney and skeletal muscle in mice.

Objective:To establish mesenchymal cell bicaudal-C (Bicc1) gene conditional knockout mice models and analyze their phenotypes.Methods:Bicc1 f/+ mice were crossed with Pdgfra promoter-driven Cre mice to obtain the offspring mice. Genomic DNA was extracted from the toe and tail tissues from 1-2 weeks old mice, amplified by PCR and detected at the DNA level by agarose gel electrophoresis. Three Bicc1 gene conditional knockout mice (experimental group) and three wild-type mice (control group) were selected after identification and grew to 3 weeks of age for follow-up experiments. The Bicc1 gene was knocked out by the induction of tamoxifen intraperitoneal injection. After 1 week, the kidney, skeletal muscle, skin and adipose tissue samples were collected. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to determine the expression levels of Bicc1 mRNA in the collected tissue samples. HE and Masson staining were performed with tissue samples fixed in 10% paraformaldehyde, and observed with a light microscope. The SPSS 28.0 software was used to analyze the data, t-test was used for comparison between groups, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:Mesenchymal cell Bicc1 gene conditional knockout mice models were obtained by breeding, and the genotype was Bicc1 f/fCre +/-. The genotype of the wild-type mice was Bicc1 f/fCre -/-. RT-qPCR showed that the expression levels of Bicc1 mRNA in kidney, skeletal muscle, skin and adipose tissue of the experimental mice were significantly lower than those of the control group (all P<0.01). HE staining and Masson staining showed that compared with the control group, glomerular atrophy could be observed in the experimental group, renal capsules were irregular in shape, and some renal capsules disappeared. The arrangement of skeletal muscle fibers were loose and scattered, and the accumulation of muscle fibers was not dense. There were no significant differences between the skin and adipose tissue. Conclusion:Mesenchymal cell Bicc1 gene conditional knockout mice models were successfully established, which could provide models for studying the mechanisms of action of Bicc1 gene in different tissues and organs. Mesenchymal cell conditional Bicc1 gene knockout affected the phenotypes of kidney and skeletal muscle in mice.

Objective:This study aims to observe the effect of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) on the growth of human hair follicles, and explore its mechanism of promoting hair growth.Methods:Hair follicles were isolated from the normal scalp tissue discarded by 4 rhytidectomy patients in the Plastic Surgery Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and the isolated single hair follicles were cultured in vitro. Normal culture condition was used as the control group, and HGF with a concentration of 10 ng/ml was added to the culture medium as the experimental group. The growth length of hair follicles in different culture days was measured under a microscope. The effect of HGF on the growth cycle of hair follicles was evaluated by observing the morphology of hair matrix and dermal papilla of hair follicle. Hair follicle epithelial cells (HFECs) were identified by flow cytometry. The normal cultured HFECs were used as the control groups, while the HFECs treated with 10 ng/ml HGF for 48h as the experimental groups. HFECs were collected to extract RNA and transcriptome sequencing was applied to detect the effects of HGF on gene expression of HFECs. Real-time PCR was used to verify the sequencing results. All quantitative data were displayed as Mean ± SD deviation, the independent sample t test was applied for the comparison between the two groups and the difference was statistically significant when P<0.05. Results:With the extension of culture time in vitro, hair follicle growth tends to stop. HGF promoted the growth of cultured hair follicles, and the growth length (unit 0.1 mm) of hair follicles were statistically different between the experimental and control group at 7 d (16.700 ± 5.143 vs. 12.210 ± 4.191, t=2.353, P<0.05 ), 10 d (18.800 ± 4.917 vs. 13.710 ± 3.518, t=2.962, P<0.01) and 14 d (23.000 ± 7.196 vs. 14.000 ± 4.057, t=3.910, P<0.01). HFECs we cultured displayed cuboidal morphology and highly expressed epithelial cell surface marker CD49f. RNA-seq showed HFECs highly expressed epithelial cell marker genes including KRT14, KRT5, KRT6A, CDH1, SOX9 and CD49f, the FPKM of which were 6 012 ± 2 141, 4 072 ± 1 369, 3 896 ± 1 991, 95.06 ± 21.48, 101.30± 38.52, 162.00 ± 47.83 respectively. HFECs did not or hardly express mesenchymal markers as THY1, DPP4, CDH2 (N-cadherin), ACTA2, PDGFRA, COL1A1and COL3A1, the FPKM of which were 0.740 ± 0.825, 0.632 ± 0.765, 0.000 ± 0.034, 1.674 ± 1.235, 0.000 ± 0.014, 2.526 ± 3.531, 0.000 ± 0.015, respectively. GO analysis showed the differential expressed genes between HGF treated and normal cultured HFECs were enriched in cell cycle-related biological processes such as nuclear division and chromosome separation. Real-Time PCR further verified that the expression of CENPA、CDC20、UBE2C、CDK1、AURKB、NDC80 in HGF treated HFECs were significantly downregulated to 0.689 ± 0.053( t=10.17, P<0.001)、0.676 ± 0.121 ( t=4.652, P<0.01)、0.761 ± 0.148( t=2.785, P<0.05)、0.599 ± 0.153( t=4.530, P<0.05)、0.706 ± 0.113( t=4.507, P<0.05)、0.579 ± 0.092 ( t=7.931, P<0.01) of the control group, respectively. Conclusions:HGF can effectively promote the growth of cultured human hair follicles in vitro, but downregulate the cell cycle-related genes of hair follicle epithelial cells.

Objective:This study aims to observe the effect of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) on the growth of human hair follicles, and explore its mechanism of promoting hair growth.Methods:Hair follicles were isolated from the normal scalp tissue discarded by 4 rhytidectomy patients in the Plastic Surgery Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and the isolated single hair follicles were cultured in vitro. Normal culture condition was used as the control group, and HGF with a concentration of 10 ng/ml was added to the culture medium as the experimental group. The growth length of hair follicles in different culture days was measured under a microscope. The effect of HGF on the growth cycle of hair follicles was evaluated by observing the morphology of hair matrix and dermal papilla of hair follicle. Hair follicle epithelial cells (HFECs) were identified by flow cytometry. The normal cultured HFECs were used as the control groups, while the HFECs treated with 10 ng/ml HGF for 48h as the experimental groups. HFECs were collected to extract RNA and transcriptome sequencing was applied to detect the effects of HGF on gene expression of HFECs. Real-time PCR was used to verify the sequencing results. All quantitative data were displayed as Mean ± SD deviation, the independent sample t test was applied for the comparison between the two groups and the difference was statistically significant when P<0.05. Results:With the extension of culture time in vitro, hair follicle growth tends to stop. HGF promoted the growth of cultured hair follicles, and the growth length (unit 0.1 mm) of hair follicles were statistically different between the experimental and control group at 7 d (16.700 ± 5.143 vs. 12.210 ± 4.191, t=2.353, P<0.05 ), 10 d (18.800 ± 4.917 vs. 13.710 ± 3.518, t=2.962, P<0.01) and 14 d (23.000 ± 7.196 vs. 14.000 ± 4.057, t=3.910, P<0.01). HFECs we cultured displayed cuboidal morphology and highly expressed epithelial cell surface marker CD49f. RNA-seq showed HFECs highly expressed epithelial cell marker genes including KRT14, KRT5, KRT6A, CDH1, SOX9 and CD49f, the FPKM of which were 6 012 ± 2 141, 4 072 ± 1 369, 3 896 ± 1 991, 95.06 ± 21.48, 101.30± 38.52, 162.00 ± 47.83 respectively. HFECs did not or hardly express mesenchymal markers as THY1, DPP4, CDH2 (N-cadherin), ACTA2, PDGFRA, COL1A1and COL3A1, the FPKM of which were 0.740 ± 0.825, 0.632 ± 0.765, 0.000 ± 0.034, 1.674 ± 1.235, 0.000 ± 0.014, 2.526 ± 3.531, 0.000 ± 0.015, respectively. GO analysis showed the differential expressed genes between HGF treated and normal cultured HFECs were enriched in cell cycle-related biological processes such as nuclear division and chromosome separation. Real-Time PCR further verified that the expression of CENPA、CDC20、UBE2C、CDK1、AURKB、NDC80 in HGF treated HFECs were significantly downregulated to 0.689 ± 0.053( t=10.17, P<0.001)、0.676 ± 0.121 ( t=4.652, P<0.01)、0.761 ± 0.148( t=2.785, P<0.05)、0.599 ± 0.153( t=4.530, P<0.05)、0.706 ± 0.113( t=4.507, P<0.05)、0.579 ± 0.092 ( t=7.931, P<0.01) of the control group, respectively. Conclusions:HGF can effectively promote the growth of cultured human hair follicles in vitro, but downregulate the cell cycle-related genes of hair follicle epithelial cells.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) on the nutritional status and quality of life in patients with colorectal cancer and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.Methods:This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR-TRC-13003798). A multi-center randomized controlled trial was conducted. Colorectal cancer patients who underwent radical surgery and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, and had nutritional risk (nutrition risk screening 2002 score ≥3) when discharge from hospital in six hospitals (Beijing Hospital, Peking University Third Hospital, Guangzhou Nanfang Hospital, Shanghai Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, and Shanghai The Sixth People's Hospital) from June 2013 to August 2015 were prospectively enrolled. These patients were randomly divided into the ONS group and control group. Patients in the ONS group received dietary guidance and oral nutritional supplements (2092 kJ/day, whole protein enteral nutrition) for 90 days after discharge from hospital, while patients in the control group only received dietary guidance. Anthropometric measurements (body weight, body mass index [BMI], upper arm circumference, gripping power of the dominant hand, triceps skin fold), nutrition-related laboratory tests (hemoglobin, albumin, prealbumin, total cholesterol, triglyceride), gastrointestinal function scores and quality of life (evaluated by EuroQol five dimensions questionnaire) were collected and compared at baseline (at discharge), and at 30-day, 60-day and 90-day after discharge.Results:A total of 90 patients were included into this multi-center study, of whom 5 patients dropped out, 43 patients were assigned to the ONS group and 42 patients to the control group. Compared with baseline, the body weight of patients in the ONS group increased by (1.523±0.525) kg at 60-day and (1.967±0.661) kg at 90-day, which were significantly higher than those of patients in the control group [60-day: (-0.325±0.518) kg, P=0.015; 90-day: (-0.224±0.705) kg, P=0.027, respectively]. A similar pattern was observed for BMI, the ONS group increased by (0.552±0.203) kg/m 2 at 60-day and (0.765±0.205) kg/m 2 at 90-day, which were significantly higher than those of patients in control group [60-day: (-0.067±0.202) kg/m 2, P=0.034; 90-day: (0.022±0.210) kg/m 2, P=0.013]. No significant differences of other anthropometric measurements and nutrition-related laboratory tests were found between the two groups (all P>0.05). Furthermore, there were no significant differences of improvement in gastrointestinal function and quality of life between two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Oral nutritional supplements can improve the body weight and BMI of colorectal cancer patients with nutritional risk receiving postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, though it does not improve the quality of life.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) on the nutritional status and quality of life in patients with colorectal cancer and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.Methods:This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR-TRC-13003798). A multi-center randomized controlled trial was conducted. Colorectal cancer patients who underwent radical surgery and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, and had nutritional risk (nutrition risk screening 2002 score ≥3) when discharge from hospital in six hospitals (Beijing Hospital, Peking University Third Hospital, Guangzhou Nanfang Hospital, Shanghai Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, and Shanghai The Sixth People's Hospital) from June 2013 to August 2015 were prospectively enrolled. These patients were randomly divided into the ONS group and control group. Patients in the ONS group received dietary guidance and oral nutritional supplements (2092 kJ/day, whole protein enteral nutrition) for 90 days after discharge from hospital, while patients in the control group only received dietary guidance. Anthropometric measurements (body weight, body mass index [BMI], upper arm circumference, gripping power of the dominant hand, triceps skin fold), nutrition-related laboratory tests (hemoglobin, albumin, prealbumin, total cholesterol, triglyceride), gastrointestinal function scores and quality of life (evaluated by EuroQol five dimensions questionnaire) were collected and compared at baseline (at discharge), and at 30-day, 60-day and 90-day after discharge.Results:A total of 90 patients were included into this multi-center study, of whom 5 patients dropped out, 43 patients were assigned to the ONS group and 42 patients to the control group. Compared with baseline, the body weight of patients in the ONS group increased by (1.523±0.525) kg at 60-day and (1.967±0.661) kg at 90-day, which were significantly higher than those of patients in the control group [60-day: (-0.325±0.518) kg, P=0.015; 90-day: (-0.224±0.705) kg, P=0.027, respectively]. A similar pattern was observed for BMI, the ONS group increased by (0.552±0.203) kg/m 2 at 60-day and (0.765±0.205) kg/m 2 at 90-day, which were significantly higher than those of patients in control group [60-day: (-0.067±0.202) kg/m 2, P=0.034; 90-day: (0.022±0.210) kg/m 2, P=0.013]. No significant differences of other anthropometric measurements and nutrition-related laboratory tests were found between the two groups (all P>0.05). Furthermore, there were no significant differences of improvement in gastrointestinal function and quality of life between two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Oral nutritional supplements can improve the body weight and BMI of colorectal cancer patients with nutritional risk receiving postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, though it does not improve the quality of life.

Objective To evaluate the effect of Levosimendan on the prognosis in patients with severe coronary heart disease after operation.Methods A total of 485 severe coronary disease patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting from Teda International Cardiovascular Hospital and the Cardiac Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from May 2014 to June 2016 were enrolled.Of them,45 cases receiving Levosimendan postoperatively were assigned to the Levosimendan group,and according to propensity score matching,another 45 cases were selected as the control group in this study.Clinical data before treatment had no difference between the groups (P ＞ 0.1).Postoperative prognosis was compared between the two groups.Results There were significant differences in heart rate,mean arterial pressure,central venous pressure,cardiac output and other hemodynamic parameters between the two groups 48h after operation.The heart ultrasound results showed that the left ventricular ejection fraction(IVEF) was increased [(0.53±0.12) ％vs.(0.46±0.09)％,t =2.594,P=0.002],the postoperative ventilation time was reduced [(46.8±11.3) h vs.(58.5±16.3) h,t=-2.031,P=0.045]and the onset of bowel sounds became early [(16.5±5.9) h vs.(18.7±10.1) h,t =1.592,P=0.039]in the levosimendan group than in the control group 48h after operation.The incidences of new-onset acute kidney injury(20 ％ and 40 ％,x2 =6.702,P =0.018),new-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation (15.6％ and 44.4％,x2 =6.156,P =0.023) and perioperative myocardial infarction(11.1 ％ and 33.3％,x2 =6.429,P =0.021) had significant differences between the two groups(P＜0.05),but there was no difference in ICU retention time,1-month mortality after operation,malignant arrhythmia incidence and auxiliary equipment use (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Levosimendan can improve the early prognosis of severe coronary disease patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting and reduce the occurrence of postoperative organ dysfunction.

OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanism of lumen loss of the left circumflex ostium after main vessel stent implantation.

METHODSTwenty-eight patients undergoing provisional T technique were enrolled in this study. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) examination was performed before and after main vessel stenting and kissing balloon post-dilatation to evaluate the geometrical changes of the vessels.

RESULTSThe CSA of LCX ostium lumen decreased significantly from 5.9∓2 mm(2) to 4.9∓1.9 mm(2) (P<0.01) after the procedure, and the CSA of LCX ostium P and M increased from 5.4∓2.9 mmmm(2) to 5.7∓2.9 mm(2) (P=0.21) after the main vessel stenting. The changes in LCX ostium lumen CSA was correlated with the changes of LCX ostium EEM CSA but not the LCX ostium P and M CSA. After kissing balloon post-dilatation, the CSA of LCX ostium lumen increased from 4.9∓1.9 mm(2) to 5.5∓1.9 mm(2) (P<0.01) , and the CSA of LCX ostium P and M showed no obvious changes (5.7∓2.9 mmmm(2) vs 5.7∓2.6 mmmm(2), P=0.89). The changes of LCX ostium lumen CSA were correlated with the those of the LCX ostium EEM CSA (R=0.432, P=0.02).

CONCLUSIONAfter stent implantation from the LMCA to the LAD, most of lumen losses of the LCX are due to carina shift, and in occasional cases, plaque shift occurs from the distal LMCA to the ostium of the LCX. Kissing balloon technique can adjust carina shift but can not improve plaque shift.

Aged ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Coronary Artery Disease ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Coronary Stenosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stents ; Treatment Outcome ; Ultrasonography, Interventional