Chronic post-surgical pain (CPSP) is a common long-term complication following lung surgery. Its high incidence significantly impacts patients’ quality of life and functional recovery, and imposes a substantial socioeconomic burden. This consensus aims to systematically establish a standardized integrated Chinese and Western medicine diagnostic and treatment framework for chronic post-lung surgery pain (CPLSP). Based on the latest domestic and international evidence-based medical research and multidisciplinary clinical experience, the working group comprehensively elaborates on core issues regarding CPLSP, including its definition, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical assessment, Western medical treatment, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment, and integrated strategies. The consensus emphasizes a patient-centered approach, adhering to the principles of multimodality, individualization, and stepwise management, highlighting the synergistic advantages of integrating Chinese and Western medicine throughout the entire perioperative management cycle encompassing "perioperative anti-inflammation, acute analgesia, and chronic rehabilitation." Through systematic literature retrieval and evidence integration, a total of 9 core recommendations were established to provide scientifically sound and clinically practical guidance.

Objective To investigate the impact of red blood cell suspension infusion across various perioperative periods on patients with valvular heart disease. Methods The patients with valvular heart disease admitted to Tianjin Chest Hospital from 2018 to 2020 were selected. Based on the timing of perioperative red cell suspension infusion, patients were categorized into three groups: a group 1 receiving intraoperative red cell suspension infusion, a group 2 receiving red cell suspension infusion within 24 hours after entering the ICU, and a group 3 receiving red cell suspension infusion at both time points. The laboratory results, perioperative blood component infusion volume, and other relevant parameters were retrospectively analyzed. After propensity score matching, the differences in different variables among the three groups were compared. Results After propensity score matching, 102 patients were enrolled, including 52 males and 50 females, with an average age of (61.74±10.58) years. There were 34 patients in each group. The preoperative hemoglobin (Hb) value of the group 2 was significantly higher than that of the group 1 and the group 3, and the amount of red cell suspension and autoblood transfusion was the lowest (P<0.05). Group 1 had the highest postoperative Hb, as well as the highest Hb and hematocrit (HCT) levels within 24 hours post-surgery (P<0.05). The group 1 had the lowest plasma, platelet and cryoprecipitate infusion volumes, and the shortest cardiopulmonary bypass time, aortic occlusion time, postoperative ICU stay and hospital stay, and the least blood loss and total drainage volume (P<0.05). The difference between postoperative and preoperative Hb (△Hb1) was highest in group 1 (P<0.05). Conclusion For patients with valvular heart disease, intraoperative-only infusion of red blood cell suspension is associated with a better prognosis at discharge and during follow-up.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prognostic factors of chondrosarcoma of the larynx,deeply analyze its clinical data,and provide a theoretical basis for better treatment of chondrosarcoma of the larynx.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on the complete clinical data of patients with primary chondrosarcoma of the larynx admitted to the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University from January 2010 to December 2024.RESULTS A total of 15 patients were included,including 11 males and 4 females,with a gender ratio of 11∶4.The average age of onset was 57.3 years,and the average clinical symptom duration was 12.2 months.The tumors were mainly located in the cricoid cartilage in 11 patients,in the arytenoid cartilage in 2 patients,and in the thyroid cartilage in 2 patients.Tumor grading showed that 7 patients were grade I and 8 were grade II.Four patients underwent transoral laser minimally invasive surgery,2 patients underwent partial laryngectomy+tracheotomy,and 9 patients underwent total laryngectomy/cervical lymph node dissection+tracheostomy.The 5-year overall survival rate was 85.7%,the 5-year disease-specific survival rate was 100%,and the 5-year local-regional control rate was 90.9%.Gender,tumor location,tumor grade,Ki-67,tumor size,and whether larynx preservation surgery was performed did not affect the local-regional control rate or disease-specific survival rate.CONCLUSION Laryngeal chondrosarcoma generally has a longer disease history and is difficult to detect.The pathological type is mostly well-differentiated.Regional or distant metastasis is rare,and the long-term survival rate is good.Surgical resection is the preferred treatment option.On the basis of not reducing the tumor control rate,surgery that prioritizes preserving laryngeal function should be given priority,while comprehensive treatment is generally not recommended.

ObjectiveMicrotube associated protein-2 （MAP-2）， alpha-tubulin （α-tubulin）， and synaptophysin （SYP） are important proteins in neuronal signal communication. This paper observed the effects of modified Zhigancao Tang on the expression of serum α-Synuclein （α-Syn） and its oligomers， MAP-2， α-tubulin， and SYP of patients with liver and kidney deficiency of Parkinson's disease （PD）， analyzed their correlation， and evaluated the therapeutic effect of modified Zhigancao Tang in patients with liver and kidney deficiency of PD based on α-Syn transmission pathway mediated by neuronal communication in vivo. MethodsA total of 60 patients with PD who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into a treatment group （30 cases） and a control group （30 cases）. Both groups were treated on the basis of PD medicine， and the treatment group was treated with modified Zhigancao Tang. Both groups were treated for 12 weeks. The changes in UPDRS score， TCM syndrome score， and expression of serum α-Syn and its oligomers， MAP-2， α-tubulin， and SYP were observed before and after 12 weeks of treatment in each group. The correlation between the above-mentioned serum biological indexes and the levels of serum α-Syn and its oligomers was analyzed. ResultsAfter treatment， the TCM syndrome score， UPDRS score， UPDRS-Ⅱ score， and UPDRS-Ⅲ score of the treatment group were significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The UPDRS score， UPDRS-Ⅱ score， and UPDRS-Ⅲ scores in the treatment group were significantly decreased compared with those in the control group after treatment （P<0.05）. After treatment， the total effective rate of the control group was 63.3% （19/30）， and that of the treatment group was 86.7% （26/30）. The clinical effect of the observation group was better than the control group （Z=-2.03， P<0.05）. The total effective rate of the observation group was better than that of the control group， and the difference was statistically significant （χ²=5.136， P<0.05）. After treatment， the oligomer level of serum α-Syn and MAP-2 level in the treatment group were significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The levels of serum α-Syn and its oligomers， as well as α-tubulin in the treatment group， were significantly decreased compared with those in the control group after treatment （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Serum α-Syn was correlated with serum MAP-2 and α-Syn oligomer in patients with PD （P<0.05， P<0.01） but not correlated with serum SYP . Serum α-Syn oligomers of patients with PD were correlated with serum MAP-2 and α-tubulin （P<0.05， P<0.01） but not correlated with serum SYP level. Serum SYP of patients with PD was correlated with serum MAP-2 （P<0.05）. ConclusionModified Zhigancao Tang has a therapeutic effect on patients with liver and kidney deficiency of PD by inhibiting the production of α-Syn oligomers and intervening α-Syn microtubule transport pathway in vivo.

As common drug delivery materials,polymers possess the advantages of a simple preparation method,adjustable chemical structure,and excellent biocompatibility.They are widely used in the responsive drug delivery for various diseases,especially in drug delivery of colon diseases.Utilizing the adjustable characteristics of polymers,drug delivery systems based on pH response,microbial enzyme response,reactive oxygen species response,and bio-adhesion have been constructed,showing excellent efficacy in the treatment of colitis.This article reviews the research progress of polymer-based targeted drug delivery systems in the treatment of colitis and discusses its research and application prospects.

The legal and regulatory system for the import of blood products in China has undergone a three-stage evolution of"safety first,demand-driven and standard upgrading",ultimately forming a dual control framework that centers on infectious disease prevention and control as well as quality approval.While the current policy effectively ensures biosafety,it also faces several deep-seated contradictions.These include the worsening imbalance between supply and demand,limited access to clinically needed blood products,and insufficient alignment with international standards.Moreover,strict regulation has also constrained technological innovation and market diversification.To address these challenges,it is suggested to establish a synergy mechanism that integrates a"clinical urgent need list,"hierarchical supervision,and mutual recognition of Good Manufacturing Practice(GMP).By implementing dynamic access,risk classification management,and international certification mutual recognition,it is possible to achieve compatible development between the safety baseline and medical accessibility.

Blood products play a pivotal role in modern medical treatment and healthcare system,and the clinical demand in China continues to grow.However,there is a significant supply gap for raw plasma domestically,with over 60％of human albumin relying on imports.The regulatory framework for imported blood products in China has undergone multiple rounds of adjustments,establishing a comprehensive lifecycle oversight system centered around the《Law of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Drugs》and the《Measures for the Administration of Batch Release of Biological Products》.While ensuring safety,this framework has also led to issues such as insufficient clinical supply and elevated corporate costs because of stringent market access requirements,complex approval procedures,and tariff barriers.Specifically,import market access barriers have imposed a'dual-certification'burden,and tariff barriers have increased the costs of some products,exacerbating the financial burden on patients.In response to these challenges,it is recommended to establish an interdepartmental information-sharing platform,promote mutual recognition of international quality standards,form a rapid approval team for urgently needed medications,and reduce or exempt tariffs for clinically critical products.

The blood products industry in China,the United States,the European Union and Japan are at different stages of development,with very different laws,regulations and regulatory systems.This paper uses methods such as literature review,policy comparison,and case study.By analyzing and comparing the blood product regulatory policies in various countries,it is found that compared with the United States,the European Union and Japan,China has differences in several areas,including plasma quarantine period,plasma fractionation processes and intermediate products,segmented production of blood products,and import management policies.It is suggested that we should learn from foreign regulatory experiences,and explore the establishment of blood product regulatory policies suitable for China's national conditions.Recommendations include optimizing China's source plasma quarantine period and blood product production process management policies,promoting multiple sites and segmented production of blood products,and establishing flexible blood product import and export management systems.These measures aim to provide references for promoting the development of the blood product industry and improving the accessibility of medications for the public.

In this study,the similarities and differences of plasma collection and quality control in China and abroad were analyzed by comparing the related regulations,standards,guidelines and literatures.Rational and constructive suggestions were proposed,aiming to optimize domestic plasma management and promote the improvement of plasma-related standards.There was little difference on facilities and safety control process of plasma between China and the developed countries(United States,EU and Japan),However,significant differences existed on plasma station setting,donor screening standards,collection interval,volume limits,plasma testing modes and tests,plasma quarantine standard and utilization of recovered plasma.The United States sets the industry benchmark and is worthy of reference for our country both in plasma collection and quality control.