ObjectiveMicrotube associated protein-2 （MAP-2）， alpha-tubulin （α-tubulin）， and synaptophysin （SYP） are important proteins in neuronal signal communication. This paper observed the effects of modified Zhigancao Tang on the expression of serum α-Synuclein （α-Syn） and its oligomers， MAP-2， α-tubulin， and SYP of patients with liver and kidney deficiency of Parkinson's disease （PD）， analyzed their correlation， and evaluated the therapeutic effect of modified Zhigancao Tang in patients with liver and kidney deficiency of PD based on α-Syn transmission pathway mediated by neuronal communication in vivo. MethodsA total of 60 patients with PD who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into a treatment group （30 cases） and a control group （30 cases）. Both groups were treated on the basis of PD medicine， and the treatment group was treated with modified Zhigancao Tang. Both groups were treated for 12 weeks. The changes in UPDRS score， TCM syndrome score， and expression of serum α-Syn and its oligomers， MAP-2， α-tubulin， and SYP were observed before and after 12 weeks of treatment in each group. The correlation between the above-mentioned serum biological indexes and the levels of serum α-Syn and its oligomers was analyzed. ResultsAfter treatment， the TCM syndrome score， UPDRS score， UPDRS-Ⅱ score， and UPDRS-Ⅲ score of the treatment group were significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The UPDRS score， UPDRS-Ⅱ score， and UPDRS-Ⅲ scores in the treatment group were significantly decreased compared with those in the control group after treatment （P<0.05）. After treatment， the total effective rate of the control group was 63.3% （19/30）， and that of the treatment group was 86.7% （26/30）. The clinical effect of the observation group was better than the control group （Z=-2.03， P<0.05）. The total effective rate of the observation group was better than that of the control group， and the difference was statistically significant （χ²=5.136， P<0.05）. After treatment， the oligomer level of serum α-Syn and MAP-2 level in the treatment group were significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The levels of serum α-Syn and its oligomers， as well as α-tubulin in the treatment group， were significantly decreased compared with those in the control group after treatment （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Serum α-Syn was correlated with serum MAP-2 and α-Syn oligomer in patients with PD （P<0.05， P<0.01） but not correlated with serum SYP . Serum α-Syn oligomers of patients with PD were correlated with serum MAP-2 and α-tubulin （P<0.05， P<0.01） but not correlated with serum SYP level. Serum SYP of patients with PD was correlated with serum MAP-2 （P<0.05）. ConclusionModified Zhigancao Tang has a therapeutic effect on patients with liver and kidney deficiency of PD by inhibiting the production of α-Syn oligomers and intervening α-Syn microtubule transport pathway in vivo.

Objective To investigate the learning curve of CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy.Methods Using cumulative sum(CUSUM)analysis method,the clinical data from 110 patients,who underwent CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy performed by the same physician at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University of China between May 2024 and October 2024,were retrospectively analyzed.The CUSUM learning curve was fitted,and R2 was used to assess the goodness of fit.The baseline and perioperative data were compared between different stages of the learning curve so as to determine the number of accomplished surgical cases that was required for a physician to reach the proficiency stage from the learning stage in performing CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy.Results Successful CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy was accomplished in all patients,with a mean operation time of(20.2+3.4)minutes(range of 15-29 minutes).With the accumulation of surgical cases,the operation time showed a gradual downward trend.The learning curve was best fitted with a cubic equation,the equation was as follows:CUSUM(110)=0.000 3x3-0.081 3x2+5.597 9x+0.774 3(where x representing the number of cases),with a goodness-of-fit coefficient R2=0.991.The fitted curve reached its peak at the performance of the 46th case,which was used as the cutoff point to divide the learning curve into two phases.Compared with the learning phase,in the proficiency phase the incidence of complications was significantly lower(pneumothorax:18.8％vs 37.0％,P=0.033)and the mean operation time was obviously shorter[(18.33+2.31)min vs(22.80±3.02)min,P＜0.001].Conclusion Through precise CUSUM analysis of the learning curves obtained from 110 patients receiving CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy,the results of this study indicates that it requires to accomplish 46 operations before a physician can skillfully master the technique of CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy.

Objective:To investigate the value of the virtual monoenergetic image (VMI) obtained by a new dual-layer detector spectral CT combined with metal artifact reduction algorithms(O-MAR) in reduction of different types of artifacts caused by 125I seeds implantation and in improvement of the post-operative CT image quality. Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. Thirty-five patients who underwent dual-layer detector spectral CT scanning of the chest and abdomen after 125I seeds implantation were retrospectively included at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from March to September 2022. The spectral data were collected and reconstructed into conventional CT image (CI), VMI image (50-150 keV, 20 keV/level), CI+O-MAR image, and VMI+O-MAR image (50-150 keV, 20 keV/level). The artifacts′ removal effects and image quality improvement in each group were evaluated. Two slices with the strongest artifacts were selected for analysis for each patient, resulting in a total of 70 slices. Objective indicators including artifact index (AI), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of soft tissue regions affected by artifacts were measured and calculated. Subjective indicators including the overcorrected artifacts and new artifacts, the different forms of artifacts, the diagnosis of artifacts, and the image quality were assessed. One-way analysis of variance was used for comparisons among multiple groups. Paired t test was used to compare the quantitative indicators between the combined O-MAR group and the non-O-MAR group. Kappa statistics was used to evaluate the consistency between observers. Results:In high/low-density artifacts (ROI H/L), the AI values in all groups showed decrease with increasing VMI keV. In artifact-affected tissue (ROI T), SNR of the CI/VMI (70-150 keV)+O-MAR group were significantly higher than those of the CI/VMI group ( P<0.05), CNR of the CI/VMI(50-150 keV)+O-MAR group were significantly higher than those of the CI/VMI group ( P<0.05). Both overcorrection and new artifacts mainly presented in VMI 50 keV and VMI 70 keV groups; Compared with VMI (50-70 keV) group, significantly less numbers of overcorrection and new artifacts were found in VMI (50-70 keV)+O-MAR group ( P<0.05); regarding the comparison of artifact types, with the VMI keV increasing, the number of a-type banded artifacts gradually decreased on images with high-density artifacts, reaching a minimum of 3 in the VMI 150 keV+O-MAR group; while the number of e-type artifacts with little or no artifacts increased, with the highest number of 23 in the VMI 150 keV+O-MAR group. The total number of high-density artifacts in each type decreased with increasing VMI keV. As VMI keV increased, the diagnostic and image quality scores of high-density artifacts in each group were significantly higher than those of low-density artifacts in the VMI+O-MAR group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:VMI combined with O-MAR can significantly improve the objective and subjective image quality of follow-up CT imaging after 125I seed implantation, enhancing lesion visibility and diagnostic confidence. Additionally, VMI+O-MAR showed more pronounced correction effect on high-density artifacts.

Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of CT-guided percutaneous biopsy of gastrointestinal space-occupying lesions.Methods Data of 116 patients with gastric,small intestinal or colorectal space-occupying lesions(totally 116 lesions)who underwent CT-guided percutaneous biopsy were retrospectively analyzed.The success rate of sampling was recorded.According to surgical pathology or follow-up results,the effectiveness of percutaneous biopsy,including the diagnostic sensitivity,specificity,accuracy and false negative rate were calculated.The impact of cavity wall thickness of the lesion(＜1 cm and≥1 cm),needle insertion depth(＜5 cm and≥5 cm)and puncture needle through gastrointestinal tract or not were observed and the related complications were recorded.Results All lesions were successfully sampled.The diagnostic sensitivity of percutaneous biopsy was 88.07%(96/109),with specificity of 100%(7/7),accuracy of 88.79%(103/116)and false negative rate of 11.93%(13/109).For lesions with cavity wall thickness≥1 cm and puncture needle insertion depth＜5 cm,the sensitivity and accuracy of puncture biopsy were higher(all P＜0.05),while the sensitivity and accuracy of puncture needle through gastrointestinal tract or not were not different(both P＞0.05).Slight bleeding around the lesions occurred in 12 cases(12/116,10.34%),but no other complications happened.Conclusion CT-guided percutaneous biopsy of gastrointestinal space-occupying lesions was effective and safe.

Objective To observe the value of intravascular ultrasound(IVUS)for assisting endovascular therapy for renal artery stenosis(RAS).Methods Thirty patients with RAS who underwent endovascular therapy were retrospectively analyzed.Parameters of renal artery and plaques in RAS segment measured with CT angiography(CTA)and IVUS before treatment were compared.Bland-Altman diagram was performed to evaluate the consistency of lumen cross-sectional stenosis rate and plaque eccentricity index between CTA and IVUS.The stent parameters measured with IVUS were recorded immediately after implantation of balloon-expandable covered stents.Results Before treatment,the minimum lumen diameter,lumen cross-sectional stenosis rate and stenotic segment length of IVUS were all larger,while maximum lumen diameter and lumen eccentricity index of IVUS were both smaller than those of CTA(all P＜0.05).No significant difference of plaque eccentricity index,plaque type nor stenosis distal remodeling was found between CTA and IVUS(all P＞0.05).The average difference between IVUS and CTA for evaluating lumen cross-sectional stenosis rate and plaque eccentricity index was-0.020(-0.096,0.050)and-0.020(-0.130,0.091),respectively.The consistency of IVUS and CTA for evaluating plaque eccentricity index was better than that of lumen cross-sectional stenosis rate.The stent symmetry,stent eccentricity index,stent expansion coefficient and stenosis coverage rate immediately after implantation measured with IVUS was(82.69±14.61)%,(1.54±9.16)%,(99.81±10.70)%and 100%,respectively.Among 30 cases,2 cases(2/30,6.67%)underwent postdilation since poor stent apposition.Conclusion IVUS could assist evaluating lumen and plaque parameters of stenotic renal arteries,guiding stent release and real-timely monitoring the effect of endovascular therapy.

Objective To observe the value of three-dimensional(3D)ultrasound volumetric parameters of carotid atherosclerotic plaque for evaluating the risk of coronary heart disease(CHD)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods Totally 88 T2DM patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaque were prospectively enrolled and divided into CHD group(n=56)and non-CHD group(n=32)according to results of coronary artery angiography.Clinical data,two-dimensional(2D)and 3D ultrasonic findings of carotid atherosclerotic plaques were collected and compared between groups.The independent predictors of CHD in T2DM patients were screened with multivariate logistic regression.Then the receiver operating characteristic curves of 3D volumetric parameters of carotid atherosclerotic plaque were drawn,the areas under the curve(AUC)were calculated,and efficacy for predicting the risk of CHD in T2DM patients were evaluated and compared.Results Compared with patients in non-CHD group,T2DM patients in CHD group had longer diabetes duration,higher glycosylated hemoglobin and low density lipoprotein(LDL),as well as bigger carotid atherosclerotic plaque volume and lower grayscale median(GSM)(all P＜0.05).Along with diabetes duration and LDL,the volume and GSM of carotid atherosclerotic plaque were also the predictive factors for CHD in T2DM patients(all P＜0.05).AUC of volume and GSM of carotid atherosclerotic plaque and the combination of them was 0.864,0.828 and 0.927,respectively,and of the combination was higher than each alone(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The volume and GSM of carotid atherosclerotic plaque obtained with 3D ultrasound could indirectly reflect the risk of CHD in T2DM patients.Combination of these two parameters was more effective for predicting the risk of CHD.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of modified temporomandibular joint disc reduction and suture with tragus incision assisted by arthroscopy for temporomandibular joint anterior disc displacement (ADD). METHODS: A clinical data of 30 patients (45 sides) with temporomandibular joint ADD, who met selective criteria and were admitted between September 2022 and February 2024, was retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 15 patients (23 sides) were treated with temporomandibular joint disc reduction and suture via small incision (open operation group), and 15 patients (22 sides) with modified temporomandibular joint disc reduction and suture with tragus incision assisted by arthroscopy (arthroscopy group). There was no significant difference in gender, age, disease duration, affected side, Wilkes-Bronstein stage, preoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) score, maximal interincisal opening (MIO), and temporomandibular joint dysfunction index (DI), craniomandibular index (CMI), palpation index (PI), and other baseline data between groups ( P>0.05). VAS score, MIO, and temporomandibular joint function indicators (PI, DI, CMI) of patients were recorded at 3 months after operation, and the difference (change value) of the above indicators between pre- and post-operation was calculated. At 1 week after operation, MRI was performed to evaluate the reduction of the articular disc compared to the preoperative image. The results were classified as excellent, good, and poor, with excellent and good being considered effective reduction. The condition of condyle process repair was observed by cone beam CT (CBCT) at 3 months after operation. RESULTS: All incisions healed by first intention in the two groups. All patients were followed up 3-18 months (mean, 8.2 months). Facial nerve injury occurred in 3 cases in the open operation group and 1 case in the arthroscopy group, all of which returned to normal after physiotherapy and drug treatment. At 3 months after operation, MIO and VAS scores of both groups significantly improved when compared with those before operation ( P<0.05), and temporomandibular joint function indicators (PI, DI, CMI) significantly decreased ( P<0.05). The change values of MIO and temporomandibular joint function indicators in arthroscopy group were significantly higher than those in open operation group ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the change value of VAS score between groups ( P>0.05). There was no recurrence during follow-up. Postoperative MRI review showed that the effective reduction rate of joint disc was 95.65% (22/23) in the open operation group and 95.45% (21/22) in the arthroscopy group, with no significant difference between groups ( P>0.05). Postoperative CBCT found that early and timely effective reduction of joint disc was conducive to condyle process repair and reconstruction. CONCLUSION Modified temporomandibular joint disc reduction and suture with tragus incision assisted by arthroscopy has a clear effect in the treatment of ADD, with less trauma, fewer postoperative complications, and good early effectiveness.
Humans ; Arthroscopy/methods* ; Retrospective Studies ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/surgery* ; Temporomandibular Joint Disc/surgery* ; Male ; Treatment Outcome ; Female ; Suture Techniques ; Adult ; Joint Dislocations/surgery* ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Middle Aged ; Pain Measurement ; Young Adult ; Sutures

Objective To investigate the expression of inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase type Ⅱ B(INPP4B)in colorectal cancer(CRC)and the relevant clinical significance,to determine the relationship between INPP4B and matrix metallopeptidase 7(MMP7)in CRC cells,and to make preliminary exploration of the effects of INPP4B on the proliferation and migration of CRC cells and mechanisms involved.Methods The TIMER2.0 and GEPIA2 databases were used to analyze the differences in INPP4B expression between cancer and para-cancerous tissues and the effects of such differences on the prognosis of CRC.The expression of INPP4B in 102 surgically resected CRC tumors was determined by immunohistochemistry(IHC),and the correlation between INPP4B and clinical pathological indicators was analyzed.In CRC cells with overexpressed/knocked-down INPP4B,the expression of INPP4B and MMP7 were examined by real time fluorogenic quantitative PCR,the protein expression of INPP4B was assessed by Western blot,cell proliferation was determined using the CellTiter 96? AQueous One assay,and cell migration and invasion were assessed using wound healing assay and real-time label-free dynamic cell analysis(RTCA).The LinkedOmics database was used to analyze signaling pathways related to INPP4B function,and the role of potential key molecules was validated at the cellular level.Results Analysis with the TIMER2.0 database and GEPIA2 database showed elevated INPP4B expression(colon adenocarcinoma[COAD]:2.30,rectal adenocarcinoma[READ]:2.33)in CRC compared to normal tissue(COAD:1.91,READ:1.89).IHC testing confirmed that INPP4B was upregulated in clinical CRC tissues and paracancerous tissues(P＜0.001).Cox regression model analysis showed that INPP4B(hazards ratio[HR]=1.457,95％confidence interval[CI]:1.003-2.115)affected the prognosis of CRC,and the Kaplan-Meier curve showed that patients with high INPP4B expression had shorter overall survival(P＜0.05).x2 test was performed to analyze the relationship between INPP4B expression and clinicopathological indexes,and it was found that high expression of INPP4B was correlated with lymph node metastasis(x2=3.997,P=0.046)and neural invasion(x2=8.511,P=0.004).In in vitro experiments,CRC cells overexpressing INPP4B showed a significantly increased cell proliferation and migration compared to the cells in the control group(P＜0.05).Analysis using the LinkedOmics database showed that INPP4B was correlated with extracellular matrix remodeling and cell migration.Pearson's correlation analysis showed that MMP7 was positively correlated with INPP4B(r=0.3782,P＜0.001).INPP4B overexpression or knockdown in vitro also led to the upregulation or the downregulation of MMP7 expression in CRC cells.Conclusion INPP4B is highly expressed in CRC tissues and significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis,neural invasion,and patient prognosis.MMP7 may mediate the role of INPP4B in promoting CRC cell migration and invasion.

Brain development requires a delicate balance between self-renewal and differentiation in neural stem cells (NSC), which rely on the precise regulation of gene expression. Ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2) modulates gene expression by the hydroxymethylation of 5-methylcytosine in DNA as an important epigenetic factor and participates in the neuronal differentiation. Yet, the regulation of TET2 in the process of neuronal differentiation remains unknown. Here, the protein level of TET2 was reduced by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway during NSC differentiation, in contrast to mRNA level. We identified that TET2 physically interacts with the core subunits of the glucose-induced degradation-deficient (GID) ubiquitin ligase complex, an evolutionarily conserved ubiquitin ligase complex and is ubiquitinated by itself. The protein levels of GID complex subunits increased reciprocally with TET2 level upon NSC differentiation. The silencing of the core subunits of the GID complex, including WDR26 and ARMC8, attenuated the ubiquitination and degradation of TET2, increased the global 5-hydroxymethylcytosine levels, and promoted the differentiation of the NSC. TET2 level increased in the brain of the Wdr26^+/- mice. Our results illustrated that the GID complex negatively regulates TET2 protein stability, further modulates NSC differentiation, and represents a novel regulatory mechanism involved in brain development.
Animals ; Mice ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics* ; Cell Differentiation ; Neural Stem Cells ; Translocation, Genetic ; Ubiquitins/genetics* ; Ligases/genetics*