Objective:To investigate the relationship between left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), wall motion score (WMS) of echocardiographic indexes and serum heart type fatty acid binding protein (h-FABP), chitinase-3 like protein-1 (YKL-40) and their predictive value for prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods:A retrospective selection of 130 AMI patients admitted from January 2020 to March 2021 in the University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital were selected as the research objects. According to whether major adverse cardiovascular events or death occurred within 30 d, they were divided into a good prognosis group (85 cases) and a poor prognosis group (45 cases). The echocardiographic indexes, serum h-FABP and YKL-40 levels were compared between the two groups, the correlation between serum indexes and color Doppler ultrasound indexes and the value of echocardiographic indexes for prognosis were also analyzed.Results:When the poor prognosis group was admitted to the hospital and after 1 week of treatment, the LVEF was lower than that in good prognosis group: (40.12±4.10)% vs. (44.37±5.06)% and (47.62±4.83)% vs. (53.29±5.31)%; the LVEDD, WMS, serum h-FABP and YKL-40 level were higher than those in good prognosis group: (52.78±3.67) mm vs. (49.16±3.14) mm and (48.35±4.08) mm vs. (44.20±3.72) mm, (23.42±3.11) scores vs. (20.09±2.87) scores and (20.07±3.70) scores vs. (15.20±2.34) scores, (28.76±4.22) mg/L vs. (22.35±3.19) mg/L and (20.04±3.33) mg/L vs. (14.20±2.76) mg/L, (40.17±5.10) μg/L vs. (34.83±3.25) μg/L and (32.09±4.38) μg/L vs. (27.20±3.07) μg/L, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). LVEF was negatively correlated with serum h-FABP and YKL-40 neither at admission nor 1 week after treatment, and LVEDD and WMS were positively correlated with serum h-FABP and YKL-40 ( P<0.05). The areas under the curve for combined prediction of prognosis by LVEF, LVEDD, and WMS was the largest at 0.873. The survival rates of high-risk patients indicated with LVEF, LVEDD, and WMS were lower than that of low-risk patients: 56.52% vs. 90.91%, 52.38% vs. 91.67%, and 54.17% vs. 95.24%, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The echocardiographic parameters LVEF, LVEDD and WMS in patients with AMI are closely related to serum h-FABP and YKL-40, which can provide an objective basis for the evaluation of myocardial pathophysiological changes. Moreover, the combined detection of LVEF, LVEDD, and WMS can be used to further assess the prognostic survival status, with a positive significance for guiding clinical treatment plans.