Ionizing radiation (IR) is a genotoxic agent that can play an important role in the occurrence and development of various diseases by inducing epigenetic changes. Studies have shown that the basic mechanisms of IR-induced epigenetic changes include abnormal DNA methylation, increased oxidative stress levels, changes in histone modifications, and regulation by microRNAs. These can lead to health hazards such as malignant tumors, genetic effects, nervous system damage, circulatory system diseases, and radiation-induced cataracts. This article collected relevant literatures regarding epigenetic changes induced by IR from 2005 to 2024, and reviewed the basic mechanisms of IR-induced epigenetic changes and the associated disease risks, providing the reference for radiation protection in occupational exposure and radiotherapy.

Objective: To investigate the personnel allocation, structure, and mobility situation of the disease prevention and control (CDC) institutions in Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province from 2018 to 2024, so as to provide insights into strengthening the construction of the talent team within CDC institutions. Methods: Basic information of the personnel in the CDC institutions, Jinhua City were collected through the Basic Information Subsystem of the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System. Composition of age, gender, educational background, major, professional title of the in-service and officially employed personnel, as well as the situation of personnel mobility were analyzed using descriptive methods. Results: A total of 10 CDCs were established in Jinhua City by the end of 2024, including 1 municipal CDC and 9 county (city, district) CDCs, with an approved staffing of 672 people and 621 in-service and officially employed staff. Compared with 2018, the approved number of staff positions in the CDC institutions of Jinhua City increased by 21.30% in 2024, and the number of in-service and officially employed staff members increased by 22.73%. From 2018 to 2024, the number of CDC staff per 10 000 permanent residents in the CDC institutions of Jinhua City, the municipal CDC, and the county (city, district) CDCs were 0.764 to 0.932, 0.142 to 0.173, and 0.623 to 0.759, respectively. From 2018 to 2024, the overall male-to-female ratio in both the municipal CDC and the county (city, district) CDCs decreased from 1.04∶1 and 0.84∶1 to 0.95∶1 and 0.75∶1, respectively. In the municipal CDC, the proportion of staff aged 25-<45 years old increased from 57.45% to 69.02%; the proportion of staff with a bachelor's degree or above increased from 79.79% to 93.81%; the proportion of staff majoring in public health increased from 37.23% to 49.56%; the proportions of staff with various professional titles were relatively stable; 51 staff members joined, all of whom had a bachelor's degree or above; 32 staff members left, among whom 24 retired and 6 were admitted to civil service positions or other units. In the county (city, district) CDCs, the proportion of staff aged 22-<35 years old increased from 30.59% to 37.40%; the proportion of staff with a bachelor's degree or above increased from 71.85% to 89.76%; the proportion of staff majoring in public health increased from 46.60% to 54.33%; the proportion of staff with a junior professional title or below increased from 34.47% to 43.50%; 198 staff members joined, and 194 of them had a bachelor's degree or above; 102 staff members left, among whom 67 retired and 28 were admitted to civil service positions or other units. Conclusions From 2018 to 2024, the number of in-service and officially employed staff in Jinhua CDC institutions increased the academic qualifications and professional composition continue to improve. There are still problems with the number of CDC staff per 10 000 permanent residents being lower than the standard for the personnel establishment in Zhejiang CDCs, a lack of high-level talents, and insufficient personnel stability.

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of leptospirosis in Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, from 2007 to 2024, so as to provide a basis for improving the prevention and control strategies of leptospirosis. Methods: Data pertaining to leptospirosis cases in Jinhua City from 2007 to 2024 were collected through the Monitoring and Reporting Management System of the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the distribution characteristics of leptospirosis in terms of time, region, population, interval from the onset of the disease to diagnosis and the outbreak of the epidemic. Results: A total of 81 cases of leptospirosis were reported in Jinhua City from 2007 to 2024, with an average annual reported incidence of 0.08/100 000. The peak incidence occurred from August to September, with 57 cases accounting for 70.37%. Leptospirosis cases were reported in 9 counties (cities, districts) in Jinhua City. Pan'an County reported the most cases, with 52 cases accounting for 64.20%. There were 54 male cases and 27 female cases, with a male-to-female ratio of 2∶1. The majority of cases were aged over 40 years, with 73 cases accounting for 90.12%. The average reported incidence of leptospirosis showed an upward trend with the increase of age (P<0.05), and the highest incidence of leptospirosis was at the 60-<80 age group (0.21/100 000). The majority of patients were farmers, with 77 cases accounting for 95.06%. The median interval from onset to diagnosis was 4.00 (interquartile range, 6.00) days. There were significant differences in the interval from onset to diagnosis among cases in Dongyang City compared with Pan'an County, Wuyi County, and Wucheng District, between Pan'an County and Jindong District, Wucheng District, and between Wuyi County and Wucheng District (all P<0.05). In 2007, one outbreak of leptospirosis was reported, which occurred in Jiuhe Township, Pan'an County, with 36 reported cases. Conclusions The reported incidence of leptospirosis in Jinhua City from 2007 to 2024 is generally low. The high-incidence period is from August to September, and Pan'an County is the high-incidence area. Males over 40 years and farmers are the key populations for prevention and control. It is recommended to strengthen epidemic surveillance and health education for high-risk populations.

Objective: To investigate the value of the Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) in predicting hypertension risk, so as to provide a tool for the early assessment of hypertension risk. Methods: Health examination individuals aged ≥18 years were selected from four medical institutes in Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province in 2022. Data on basic information, lifestyle, disease history, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, and blood biochemical indicators were collected through questionnaire surveys and physical examinations. CVAI was calculated to assess levels of visceral fat accumulation, divided by quartiles into Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups. The relationship between CVAI and hypertension was analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model, and their dose-response relationship was examined using a restricted cubic spline model. The value of CVAI in predicting hypertension risk was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: A total of 23 791 individuals were enrolled, with a median age of 68.00 (interquartile range, 14.00) years. Among them, 10 178 (42.78%) were males and 13 613 (57.22%) were females. The median CVAI was 111.40 (interquartile range, 48.23). Hypertension was identified in 15 563 cases, with a prevalence of 65.42%. After adjusting for lifestyle, disease history, and blood biochemical indicators, the multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that hypertension risk in the CVAI Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups were 2.012 (95%CI: 1.865-2.170), 3.059 (95%CI: 2.826-3.311), and 5.099 (95%CI: 4.672-5.565) times that of the Q1 group, respectively. The restricted cubic spline model revealed a non-linear relationship between CVAI and hypertension risk (Pnon linearity<0.05). Hypertension risk increased more rapidly when the CVAI was ≥81.03. The area under the ROC curve for CVAI in predicting hypertension risk was 0.691, with an optimal cutoff value of 106.01, which falls within the Q2 group. Conclusions There was a nonlinear dose-response relationship between CVAI and hypertension. CVAI can predict the risk of hypertension, and 106.01 can serve as an early warning threshold for risk screening.

Andrographolide sulfonate (AS) is a sulfonated derivative of andrographolide extracted from Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees, and has been approved for several decades in China. The present study aimed to investigate the novel therapeutic application and possible mechanisms of AS in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Results indicated that administration of AS by injection or gavage significantly reduced the paw swelling, improved body weights, and attenuated pathological changes in joints of rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis. Additionally, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1β in the serum and ankle joints were reduced. Bioinformatics analysis, along with the spleen index and measurements of IL-17 and IL-10 levels, suggested a potential relationship between AS and Th17 cells under arthritic conditions. In vitro, AS was shown to block Th17 cell differentiation, as evidenced by the reduced percentages of CD4⁺ IL-17A⁺ T cells and decreased expression levels of RORγt, IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, and IL-22, without affecting the cell viability and apoptosis. This effect was attributed to the limited glycolysis, as indicated by metabolomics analysis, reduced glucose uptake, and pH measurements. Further investigation revealed that AS might bind to hexokinase2 (HK2) to down-regulate the protein levels of HK2 but not glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) or pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), and overexpression of HK2 reversed the inhibition of AS on Th17 cell differentiation. Furthermore, AS impaired the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signals in vivo and in vitro, which was abolished by the addition of lactate. In conclusion, AS significantly improved adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) in rats by inhibiting glycolysis-mediated activation of PI3K/AKT to restrain Th17 cell differentiation.
Animals ; Th17 Cells/immunology* ; Diterpenes/pharmacology* ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/immunology* ; Glycolysis/drug effects* ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects* ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics* ; Rats ; Male ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Humans ; Andrographis paniculata/chemistry* ; Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy* ; Interleukin-17/immunology* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects*

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness of the comparison between pit and fissure sealants and fluoride varnishes, as well as various types of sealants, in preventing caries on the occlusal surface of children's first permanent molars (FPM). METHODS: Conduct a comprehensive search of literature published between January 1, 1988, and May 30, 2024, in the following databases: China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, China Science Periodical Database and China Biology Medicine database. Meta-analysis and subgroup analyses were performed on the literature that met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: A total of 5 618 pieces of literature were retrieved, resulting in the inclusion of 14 in the study. Meta-analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the efficacy between varies pit and fissure sealants compared to fluoride varnishes, and between varies types of sealants in preventing caries on the occlusal surface of children's first permanent molars within 24 months post-surgery (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Within 24 months, there was no significant difference in the effectiveness of using resin-based or glass iomomer pit and fissure sealants compared with fluoride varnishes in preventing occlusal caries in FPM in children; within 24 months, there was no significant difference in the effectiveness of using resin-based sealants compared with ART sealants in preventing occlusal caries in FPM in children. ART sealants are recommended over resin-based sealers for children who have no conditions for chair-side manipulation or who are poorly co-operative.
Humans ; Pit and Fissure Sealants/therapeutic use* ; Dental Caries/prevention & control* ; Molar ; Child ; Fluorides, Topical/therapeutic use* ; Dentition, Permanent

Objective: To investigate the effects of “Three Methods and Three Acupoints” (TMTP) Tuina therapy on spinal microcirculation in sciatic nerve injury (SNI). Methods: Thirty-six Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups: normal, sham operation, model, and TMTP Tuina. Successful model induction was confirmed by observable hind limb lameness. After 20 sessions, hind limb grip strength and motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) were measured at baseline and following the 10th and 20th intervention. CD31 and α-SMA in the ventral horn of SNI model rats were detected using immunofluorescence. Motor neurons in the ventral horn were detected by Nissl staining. PTEN levels in the ventral horn were measured by ELISA, and PI3K, Akt, BDNF, VEGF, and HIF-1α expression was determined by RT-PCR. Spinal cord microcirculation was evaluated by western blotting analysis of the levels of Akt, p-Akt, BDNF, and VEGF. Results: Hind limb grip strength and MNCV significantly improved in the TMTP Tuina group compared to the model group (both P < .001). Morphology of ventral horn motor neurons in the TMTP Tuina group improved compared to the model group, with increased expressions of α-SMA (P = .002) and CD31 (P = .006). Western blot analysis indicated increased expression of VEGF (P = .005), p-Akt (P < .001), and BDNF (P = .008) in the ventral horn following Tuina treatment. RT-PCR analysis revealed increased expression of PI3K, Akt, BDNF, VEGF and HIF-1α (all P < .05). In contrast, expression of PTEN decreased compared to the model group (P < .001). Conclusion TMTP Tuina therapy may restore motor function in rats, enhance ventral horn motor neuron morphology, and promote angiogenesis and vascular smooth muscle proliferation. The mechanism may involve the activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the therapeutic mechanism of compound Centella asiatica formula (CCA) for alleviating Schistosoma japonicum (Sj)-induced liver fibrosis in mice. METHODS: The active components and targets of CCA were identified using the TCMSP database with cross-analysis of Sj-related liver fibrosis targets. A "drug-component-target-pathway-disease" network was constructed using Cytoscape 3.9.1. Functional enrichment analysis (GO/KEGG) was performed using DAVID. Molecular docking study was carried out to validate interactions between the core targets and the key compounds. For experimental validation of the results, 36 mice were divided into control group, Sj-infected model group, and CCA-treated groups. In the latter two groups, liver fibrosis was induced via abdominal infection with Sj cercariae for 8 weeks, followed by 8 weeks of daily treatment with CCA decoction or saline. Hepatic pathology of the mice was assessedwith HE and Masson staining, and hepatic expressions of collagen-I and collagen-III were detected using immunohistochemistry; serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels were determined with ELISA. Hepatic expressions of TLR4 and MyD88 proteins were analyzed with Western blotting. RESULTS: We identified a total of 107 bioactive CCA components and 791 targets, including 37 intersection targets linked to Sj-induced fibrosis. The core targets included TNF, TP53, JUN, MMP9, and CXCL8, involving the IL-17 signaling, lipid metabolism, TLR4/MyD88 axis, and cancer pathways. Molecular docking study confirmed strong binding affinity between quercetin (a primary CCA component) and TNF/TP53/JUN/MMP9. In Sj-infected mouse models, CCA treatment significantly attenuated hepatic inflammatory cell infiltration, reduced collagen-I and collagen-III deposition, improved tissue architecture, reduced serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels, and downregulated TLR4 and MyD88 expressions in the liver. CONCLUSIONS CCA mitigates Sj-induced liver fibrosis by targeting TNF, TP53, JUN, and MMP9 to modulate the TLR4/MyD88 pathway, thereby suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokine release, inhibiting hepatic stellate cell activation, reducing collagen deposition, and preventing granuloma formation in the liver.
Animals ; Toll-Like Receptor 4/metabolism* ; Mice ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/metabolism* ; Schistosoma japonicum ; Liver Cirrhosis/parasitology* ; Schistosomiasis japonica ; Signal Transduction ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Inflammation ; Centella/chemistry* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism*

Objective To investigate the safety and feasibility of the domestic SA-1000 single-port single-arm robot-assisted laparoscopic system in total hysterectomy.Methods Data from 16 patients who underwent total hysterectomy using the SA-1000 system at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University,between Mar.2023 and Jan.2024 were retrospectively collected.Surgical parameters were analyzed.Postoperative pain was assessed using the visual analogue scale(VAS)at 24 h after surgery and before discharge.Incision cosmesis was evaluated 3-5 weeks postoperatively using the body image questionnaire(BIQ,score range 3-24).Results All 16 procedures were successfully completed using the SA-1000 system without conversion to open surgery,achieving a 100.0%procedural success rate.The mean whole surgery time was(234.40±56.24)min.The median robotic arm setup time was 8.0(4.0,13.5)min,and the median console operating time was 128.0(100.0,151.0)min.The median intraoperative blood loss was 100.0(100.0,200.0)mL.No perioperative complications,such as hemorrhage,infection,injury to adjacent organs(ureters,bladder,bowel),poor wound healing,or incisional hernia,were observed.The mean wound pain score at 24 h postoperatively was 3.81±1.64,decreasing to a median of 3.0(2.0,4.0)before discharge.The BIQ score assessed at 3-5 weeks postoperatively was 21.88±1.15.Conclusion The application of the domestic SA-1000 single-port single-arm robot-assisted laparoscopic system for total hysterectomy is safe and feasible,demonstrating favorable surgical outcomes.It holds promise for broader implementation and promotion in domestic medical centers.

Objective To explore the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome characteristics of patients with Chikungunya hemorrhagic fever and to provide empirical data to support the application of TCM in diagnosing and treating Chikungunya hemorrhagic fever.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect clinical data(sex,age,days since onset,and comorbidity underlying disease conditions)and TCM with four-examination information(symptoms,tongue manifestations,and pulse manifestations)from 255 patients with Chikungunya hemorrhagic fever who visited Lecong Hospital of Shunde,Foshan,the Third People's Hospital of Shunde District of Foshan,Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University Affiliated Chencun Hospital between July 23 and July 29,2025.Factor and cluster analyses were used to summarize TCM syndrome characteristics and analyze core pathogenesis in conjunction with clinical features.Results Among the 255 patients with Chikungunya hemorrhagic fever,131 were male and 124 were female,with a age of(49.05±17.93)years and a disease duration of(3.26±1.78)days.Among the four types of examination information in TCM,35 items exhibited a frequency exceeding 10%.The most prevalent symptoms were arthralgia(180 patients,70.59%),exanthem(153 patients,60.00%),fatigue(99 patients,38.82%),anhidrosis(98 patients,38.43%),pruritus(96 patients,37.65%),and fever(92 patients,36.08%).Tongue and pulse manifestations were primarily white fur(155 patients,60.78%),pink tongue(111 patients,43.53%),slippery pulse(143 patients,56.08%),and greasy fur(134 patients,52.53%).Patients with disease onset≤3 d had a higher incidence of arthralgia,fatigue,fever,aversion to cold,generalized muscle pain,aversion to wind,insomnia,headache,sweating,low-grade fever,poor appetite,loose stool,hyperhidrosis,and red tongue than those with disease onset≥4 d(P<0.05).Patients with disease onset≥4 d had a higher incidence of pink tongue and thick fur than those with disease onset≤3 d(P<0.05).The syndrome elements in patients with Chikungunya hemorrhagic fever predominantly manifested on the defensive exterior,with involvement of the sinew-bone joints,skin-muscle,and spleen.Pathogenic factors were primarily characterized by external winds,dampness,and heat.Factor and cluster analysis result indicated three TCM pathogenesis progression patterns:imbalance of the defensive exterior with wind-dampness conflict and heat transformation;dampness-heat flowing into muscles and meridians causing joint obstruction and qi blood stasis;and dampness-heat congelation resulting in qi mechanism obstruction,consumption of body fluids,and infiltration of the skin.Conclusion Patients with Chikungunya hemorrhagic fever primarily present with fever,joint pain,and rashes.In TCM,this condition falls under the category of"dampness-warmth"syndrome.Its etiology is attributed to pathogens,with transmission occurring through mosquito bites.The core pathogenesis of TCM is the invasion of the defensive exterior and dampness-toxic heat accumulation.The therapeutic principles focus on clearing heat pathogens,resolving dampness pathogens,dispersing wind pathogens,and promoting the resolution of rashes.