Chemotherapy is an important treatment for tumors， but most patients experience varying degrees of chemotherapy- induced myelosuppression. Four properties theory of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has unique advantages in improving chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression. The monomers from TCM with different properties and flavors， such as cold-natured （e.g. Scutellaria baicalensis， Rhus chinensis）， cool-natured （e.g. Ligustrum lucidum， Ophiopogon japonicus）， warm-natured （e.g. Panax ginseng， Epimedium brevicornu， Curcuma longa， Angelica sinensis）， hot-natured （e.g. Cinnamomum cassia， Aconitum carmichaeli）， and neutral-natured （e. g. donkey-hide gelatin， Lycium barbarum， Rhodiola rosea， fungi）， can exert anti- myelosuppressive effects by reducing damage to hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells， improving the bone marrow hematopoietic microenvironment， inhibiting the oxidative stress response， regulating signaling pathways， so as to ultimately repaire inflammatory damage and improve hematopoietic function， thereby playing an anti-myelosuppressive role.

Objective To investigate the design of cuffed pediatric tracheal tubes and compare the effects of different tracheal intubation depth placement strategies on the position of the tracheal tube tip and cuff of 5 tracheal tube brands.Methods A total of 180 children who were admitted to Tianjin Children's Hospital from October 2020 to December 2021,with endotracheal intubation under general anesthesia,aged 1-6 years,were enrolled.The length of the subglottic airway was measured by electronic bronchoscopy.Dimensional data from 5 cuffed pediatric tracheal tube brands were recorded,including the length of the tracheal tube cuff,the distance from the tip of the tracheal tube to the upper edge of the cuff,and the tip of the tracheal tube to the lower edge of the tube glottis marker line the distance.Calculation of the required cuffed endotracheal tube internal diameter(ID)for 180 pediatric patients was performed based on the Motoyama formula,the positions of tracheal tube tip and upper cuff border were calculated for each of the 180 tracheas using depth mark to based tracheal tube placement,placement of the tracheal tube tip at 2 cm above the carina,and mid-tracheal tube placement.Results There were differences in the dimensional data of the 5 cuffed pediatric tracheal tube brands.Depth mark-based tracheal tube placement resulted in the incidence rate of tube tip to carina placement less than 1 cm was 3.9%-67.8%,and the highest incidence of bronchial intubation is Ruijing,up to 17.8%.The tracheal tube tip was placed 2 cm above the carina,and no improper placement of the tracheal tube cuff and tube tip was found in all brands.Mid-tracheal tube placement led to 100%subglottic and supraglottic tracheal tube cuff positions,except Weili.Conclusions There are differences in design between different brands of cuffed pediatric tracheal tube,and some of the design deficiencies may lead to the risk of airway complications.The method used to guide the insertion depth and the brand of cuffed tracheal tubes can affect the tracheal tube position.Placement of the tracheal tube tip at 2 cm above the carina allowed safe tracheal tube placement in children aged 1-6 years.

The World Health Organization (WHO) classification serves as the internationally recognized standard for diagnosing and classifying hematopoietic and lymphoid tissue tumors(WHO-HEAM). Since 2001, it has undergone multiple upgrades and revisions, updating, clarifying, and refining previous tumor diagnostic and classification standards while incorporating numerous new genetic and molecular biological subtypes. In 2022, two classification proposals emerged due to a wealth of clinical and scientific research results: the fifth edition of the WHO hematopoietic and lymphoid tissue classification (WHO-HAEM5), published in Leukemia journal; and the International Consensus Classification (ICC), published in Blood journal. These two schemes differ in their approach to classifying hematopoietic and lymphoid tissue tumors, posing challenges for clinical laboratory diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To investigate the flow cytometric characteristics of bone marrow in patients with aplastic anemia (AA) and hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome (hypoMDS) and its value in differential diagnosis between AA and hypoMDS.Methods:A total of 618 patients were recruited from Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University from January 2017 to December 2021, including 441 patients as controls with abnormal peripheral blood counts but confirmed to have no AA, hypoproliferative MDS, or other hematological tumors, 57 patients with AA, 52 patients with hypoMDS and 68 patients with diluted bone marrow. The proportions of bone marrow myeloid progenitor cell, lymphocyte, neutrophil and erythroid cell in bone marrow were analyzed by flow cytometry immunophenotyping. The differences between the four groups were compared by Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA. The diagnostic efficacy was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:The proportion of myeloid progenitor cells in control group was [0.30%(0.20%, 0.46%)]; the proportion of myeloid progenitor cells in AA group was [0.00 (0.00, 0.04)]%, while the proportion of myeloid progenitor cells in hypoMDS group was [3.10%(1.25%, 6.71%)]. The proportion of myeloid progenitor cells in AA group was lower than that in control group( χ2=302.90, P<0.001), while the proportion of myeloid progenitor cells in the bone marrow of patients with hypoMDS was higher than that in the control group ( χ2=203.88, P<0.001). The area under the ROC curve for identifying AA and hypoMDS by the ratio of myeloid progenitor cells in bone marrow is 0.996, with the sensitivity of 96.2% and the specificity of 100% when the cutoff value is 0.21%. The proportion of bone marrow lymphocytes in control group was [10.39%(7.33%, 14.80%)]; the proportion of bone marrow lymphocytes in AA group was [52.67%(42.20%, 67.68%)], and the proportion of bone marrow lymphocytes in hypoMDS group was [24.68%(15.51%, 35.19%)]. The proportion of bone marrow lymphocytes in AA group or hypoMDS group was higher than that in control group( χ2=298.74, P<0.001; χ2=194.33; P<0.001), and the proportion of bone marrow lymphocytes in AA group is higher than that in hypoMDS group, with a statistically significant difference( χ2=104.41, P=0.002). The area under the ROC curve for identifying AA and hypoMDS by the ratio of bone marrow lymphocyte is 0.882, with the sensitivity of 78.9% and the specificity of 92.3% when the cutoff value is 41.6%. Conculsion:Patients with AA and hypoMDS could be differentiated effectively by the proportions of myeloid progenitor cell and lymphocyte in bone marrow by flow cytometry immunophenotyping.

Objective:To improve the rate of successful rescue through analyzing the clinical features and treating processes of septic shock caused by lymphocyst infection after lymph node dissection in diabetic patients.Methods:A total of 462 cases of diabetic patients with bladder, prostate, renal cancers, cervical, endometrial and ovarian were retrospectively analyzed, all of whom underwent standard surgical treatments including pelvic lymph node dissection, hospitalized in department of urology surgery and gynecology of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from Jan 2015 to Jan 2020. Lymphocytes were confirmed in 148 cases, of which 89 cases were complicated by infection, and 13 cases developed septic shock. Patients with lymphocyst infection were divided into shock and non-shock groups, and age, sex, duration of diabetes, BMI, glycosylated hemoglobin at admission, number of lymph nodes surgically removed, retention time of drainage tube after operation, maximum diameter of lymphocyst and time between infection and previous chemotherapy were compared. The initial symptoms, blood routine in the first time after the onset of the infection, the time from onset to drainage puncture and catheterization and the final outcomes were analyzed in 13 patients with septic shock. The results of pathogen culture and drug sensitivity of infected lymphocyst fluid were also analyzed.Results:Categorical variable test showed that: in diabetic patients with lymphocyst infection, there were significant differences in glycosylated hemoglobin ( P=0.018) , adjuvant chemotherapy ( P=0.014) and lymphocyst size ( P<0.001) between shock group and non-shock group. Among the 13 cases of septic shock, 11 caseshad mild to moderate fever or abdominal pain. The total leukocyte count of all cases in the first hemogram were less than 20×10 9/L. The average time from onset to drainage was 33 hours. Among the 13 patients, 5 developed MODS and 1 died. There were 2 patients whose conditions were complex with frequent fluctuations. In the 12 patients who recovered from septic shock, only 1 underwent a residual lymphocyst pretreatment, 4 had recurrent cyst infection for 1-2 times, 2 had septic shock again, and 1 died. Gram negative bacteria were the most common pathogens, and the main was Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Piperacillin / tazobactam, carbapenems and tigecycline were commonly sensitive, while the drug resistance rates of ceftazidime, ceftriaxone and levofloxacin were more than 50%. Conclusions:Poor glycemic control, adjuvant chemotherapy and big lymphocyst size(d≥5 cm) are the high risk factors of septic shock. Most of shock patients' initial symptoms and total white blood cell count have no warning significance, leading to longer time from infection to drainage, and delayed treatment. Early diagnosis, timely drainage and active anti-infection treatment are the key to a successful treatment. The possibility of connection between lymphocyst and surrounding organ should be considered when the treatment effect is not good. After septic shock of postoperative lymphocyst infection in patients with diabetes, the larger esidual lymphocyst should be intervened actively to avoid serious infection again.

Objective: To explore the correlation between menopausal hormone therapy（MHT）and breast lesions in perimenopausal women,and to provide evidence for safe use of MHT. Methods: The 40-60 year-old women who visited Hangzhou Women's Hospital and met the diagnostic criteria for perimenopausal syndrome were recruited. The intervention group received MHT and was divided into three subgroups according to the MHT regimen：estrogen-progesterone cycle therapy（A）,estrogen-progesterone continuous therapy（B）,estrogen therapy（C）. The control group did not receive MHT. All the patients received regular mammography to quantify and evaluate breast lesions. The generalized estimating equation was used to analyze the changes of breast lesions between different groups. Results: There were 80 cases in the intervention group,with 49 in group A,26 in group B,5 in group C,and 80 cases in the control group. After two years of follow-up,there was no statistically significant differences of time,group and interaction in breast density,volume of breast fibrous tissue and the volume of breast between three intervention groups and the control group（P>0.05）; there was no statistically significant differences of group and interaction in positive rate of calcification and breast mass between the intervention group and the control group（P>0.05）. Conclusion Receiving MHT intervention for two years did not increase the risk of breast lesions.

OBJECTIVE: Although the pathogenesis of depression remains unclear, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels are commonly elevated in depressed patients. Thus, CRP single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that influence CRP levels may be associated with depression. In the present study, we explored whether CRP SNPs are related to depressive symptoms and antidepressants efficacy in Han Chinese patients.METHODS: We analyzed data from 440 patients with first-episode depression. We obtained genome CRP SNPs, scores of the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression 17 (HAMD17) and its four-factor at baseline and after 6 weeks. Quantitative trait analysis was performed using UNPHASED software and curative effects were analyzed using SPSS software.RESULTS: Male patients with SNP rs1800947G exhibited lower insomnia scores and rs2794521CC exhibited lower scores of anxiety/ physical symptoms, total HAMD17 score. Female patients with rs2794521TT exhibited higher scores of insomnia and lower antidepressants efficacy.CONCLUSION: CRP SNPs rs1800947 and rs2794521 may be associated with depressive symptoms in patients with depression in a sex-specific fashion. Furthermore, rs2794521 may be a predictor of the efficacy of antidepressants in female patients.
Antidepressive Agents ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; C-Reactive Protein ; Depression ; Female ; Genome ; Humans ; Male ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders

Objective To investigate the clinical application and efficacy of DNA immune absorption in patients with lupus interstitial pneumonia.Methods to collect randomized 18 patients with lupus patients with pneumonia were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into immunoadsorption group and traditional CTX treatment group,in order to observe the ESR,CRP,ANA quantitative monitoring at different time,pulmonary function test (diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide,DLCO),6 min walking distance,procalcitonin (PCT).The difference between groups was statistically analyzed and the effect of DNA immunization was discussed.Results There were significant differences between immunoadsorption group and control group in ESR at the different time points before and after the treatment (Fgroup =7.841,P＜0.05;Fcross =6.512,P ＜0.05;Finteraction =10.421,P＜0.05),CRP(Fgroup =6.995,P＜0.05;Fcross=5.847,P＜0.05;Finteraction =8.847,P＜ 0.05) and ANA quantitative monitoring (FgrouP =12.336,P ＜ 0.05;Fcross =11.214,P ＜ 0.05;Finteraction =15.847,P＜0.05).At 1 and 2 weeks after treatment,CRP and ESR of the immunoadsorption group began to decrease,and the difference was statistically significant compared with those before treatment (P ＜0.05),while the difference between the control group and the treatment group was statistically significant after 4 weeks (P＜0.05).After 2 weeks of treatment,there was a significant difference in ANA quantitative monitoring between the immunoadsorption group,compared with that before treatment.There was a significant difference between the control group before treatment and the 6 months after treatment (P＜0.05).There was a significant difference between the immunoadsorption group and the control group in pulmonary function test (FgrouP =6.222,P＜ 0.05:Fcross =7.154,P＜ 0.05:Finteraction =8.527,P ＜ 0.05),6 min walking distance (FgrouP =8.669,P＜ 0.05;Fcross =7.154,P ＜ 0.05;Finteraction =11.547,P＜ 0.05) and PCT (FgrouP =5.621,P ＜0.05;Fcross =4.125,P ＜ 0.05;Finteraction =7.554,P ＜ 0.05.The pulmonary function and 6 min walking distance of 2-week treatment in the immunoadsorption group.There showed a significant difference compared with that before treatment.The difference between the control group after 4 weeks of treatment and that before treatment was statistically significant (P=＜0.05).There was a significant difference between the 2 weeks PCT treatment in the immunoadsorption group and that before treatment (P＜0.05).There was a significant difference between the control group after 3 months of treatment and before treatment (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The treatment of lupus interstitial pneumonia in traditional regimens is ineffective,and the efficacy of DNA is better than that of conventional regimens,and reduces the risk of infection.

Objective To investigate the effects of urinary ostomy bag connected with disposable drainage bag on drainage of abdominal cavity after surgery on gastrointestinal tumor.Methods A total of 82 patients carried out drainage of the abdominal cavity after surgery on gastrointestinal tumor in Cancer Hospital of Jiangxi Province from January to December 2015 were selected and divided into control group (n=40) and observation group (n=42).During the period of abdominal cavity drainage,the control group was given routine dressing change.In addition to the conventional treatment of the drainage incision,the observation group utilized urinary ostomy bag connected with disposable drainage bag for drainage.The incidence rates of leakage and irritable dermatitis around abdominal drainage mouth,dressing times of drainage incision,healing time of drainage incision and patient comfort in drainage were compared between the two groups.Results At the end of abdominal cavity drainage,the incidence rates of leakage and irritable dermatitis around abdominal drainage mouth of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (x2 =5.550,6.717;P=0.043,0.010);the dressing times of drainage incision in the observation group was significantly less than that in the control group (t=13.840,P=0.000);the healing time of drainage incision in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (t=6.854,P=0.000);the comfort in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group 0=7.429,P=0.000).Conclusion Urinary bag connected with disposable drainage bag for drainage after surgery on gastrointestinal tumor can effectively reduce the occurrence of leakage and irritable dermatitis around abdominal drainage mouth,improve patient comfort,it is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To assess the features of transcranial sonography (TCS) in Parkinson disease (PD) and Alzheimer disease (AD).Methods Totally 38 PD patients (PD group),28 AD patients (AD group) and 26 controls (control group)underwent TCS.The echogenicity of the substantia nigra,widths of third ventricle and parameters of middle cerebral artery among the three groups were analyzed.Results The ratio of hyperechogenicity of substantia nigra in PD group (31/38,81.58％) were higher than those in AD group (8/28,28.57％) and control group (3/26,11.54％;x2 =18.74,30.41,both P＜0.001),and there was no significant difference in hyperechogenicity of substantia nigra between AD group and control group (x2 =2.41,P=0.120).The widths of third ventricle in AD group ([0.82±0.14]cm) were wider than those in PD group ([0.63±±0.16]cm) and control group ([0.56±0.16]cm,both P＜0.001),and there was no significant difference in widths of third ventricle between PD group and control group (P=0.098).The mean velocities in bilateral middle cerebral artery in AD group were lower than that of in PD group and in control group (all P＜0.05).The pulsatility index in right middle cerebral artery in AD group were greater than that in PD group and control group (both P＜0.05).Conclusion According to the changes of echogenicity of substantia nigra,widths of third ventricle and parameters of middle cerebral artery,TCS may provide some useful information for diagnosis of PD and AD.