Objective: To analyze the association of eating dining locations and their association with nutritional status among Chinese children aged 6-17 years,so as to provide reference for guiding children s reasonable diet. Methods: Stratified random cluster sampling was used to select children aged 6 to 17 years from 28 cities and rural areas of 14 provinces in East, North, Central, South, Southwest, Northwest, Northeast of China, and a total of 52 535 children were included in the study from 2019 to 2021. Information including dining locations, demographic characteristics, dietary intakes and physical activity were collected through a questionnaire survey. Fasting body height and weight were measured in the morning. Unordered multiclass Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between dining locations and nutritional status in children. Results: Regarding children s dining locations, 66.3% ate breakfast at home,25.8% ate breakfast at school,7.9% ate breakfast outside (small dining tables, restaurants, stalls, etc.); 67.7% ate dinner at home,29.0% ate dinner at school,3.3% ate dinner outside; and 63.6% ate lunch at school,30.8% ate lunch at home,5.7% ate lunch outside. The prevalence rates of overweight/obesity and undernutrition were 28.6% and 9.3%, respectively. The adjusted multiclass Logistic regression analysis (controlling for age, region, parental education, household income, total energy intake, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity) demonstrated that, compared to eating at home, school based breakfast and dinner consumption was associated with significantly lower overweight/obesity risks for both genders (boys: breakfast OR =0.70, 95% CI =0.65-0.75; dinner OR =0.80, 95% CI = 0.74- 0.86; girls: breakfast OR = 0.89 , 95% CI = 0.82-0.96; dinner OR =0.88, 95% CI =0.81-0.95), whereas eating lunch away from home significantly increased overweight/obesity risks (boys: OR =1.32, 95% CI =1.17-1.48; girls: OR =1.43, 95% CI =1.26- 1.62 ), with all associations being statistically significant ( P <0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, boys who ate breakfast away from home showed a significantly reduced risk of undernutrition ( OR =0.80,95% CI =0.66-0.97), while those consuming lunch away from home had an increased risk ( OR =1.26, 95% CI =1.01-1.57) ( P <0.05). Conclusions The choice of dining locations for children is becoming more diverse, and a relatively high proportion of children eat meals outside the home and at school. Eating out have a higher risk of malnutrition for children. School feeding may be beneficial to children s physical health.

BackgroundThe issue of school absenteeism due to school refusal in adolescents has become increasingly prominent. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy （ACT） has been applied successfully to improve depression， anxiety， and psychological flexibility in adolescents， while few studies have tested the effect of ACT intervention on above-mentioned psychological aspects and return-to-school rate in adolescents with school absenteeism. ObjectiveTo explore the effect of ACT on depression， anxiety， psychological flexibility and return-to-school rate in school absenteeism adolescents， and to provide a broader evidence base for clinical interventions. MethodsFrom May to June 2024， a sample of 50 adolescents with Shenzhen school registration who had been suspended from school for more than a consecutive month for school refusal were recruited based on Wechat official account platform. The adolescents were divided into study group and control group by random number table method. Both groups received psychological education with the theme of 'Causes and Coping Strategies of School Refusal'， and study group added a 6-week ACT intervention with weekly 1-hour sessions. At baseline and after treatment， Patients’ Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item （PHQ-9）， Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 item （GAD-7） and Comprehensive assessment of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy processes （CompACT） were used for the clinical evaluation. ResultsA total of 45 （90.00%）adolescents completed the study， including 25 in study group and 20 in control group. Analysis revealed that study group scored higher on PHQ-9 and GAD-7， while lower on total CompACT score， openness dimension and awareness dimension compared with control group， with statistical significance （F=7.786， 10.334， 12.922， 14.374， 3.075， P<0.05 or 0.01）. After intervention， the rate of return-to-school was higher in study group than in control group （40.00% vs 10.00%， χ²=5.114， P<0.05）. ConclusionACT intervention for adolescents with school absenteeism may alleviate depression and anxiety， improve their psychological flexibility and increase return-to-school rate.［Funded by the "14^th Five Year Plan" for Social Sciences Project in Jiangxi Province （number， 24JY41D）； Science and Technology Planning Project of Shenzhen Municipality （number， 20210617155253001）］

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) at neuro-arterial stimulation points with topical western medication in treating post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome (SHS). METHODS: A total of 72 patients with post-stroke SHS were randomly assigned to an observation group (n=36, 2 cases dropped out) and a control group (n=36, 3 cases dropped out). Both groups received standard neurological treatment, comprehensive rehabilitation, and physical therapy. The observation group received EA at neuro-arterial stimulation points, including the ipsilateral stellate ganglion point, vagus nerve trunk and auricular branch (left side), and stimulation points of the radial and ulnar arteries, radial nerve, ulnar nerve, and median nerve, once daily for 4 weeks. The control group was treated with topical diclofenac diethylamine emulgel, and mucopolysaccharide polysulfate cream was added for patients with pronounced early-stage edema, twice a day for 4 weeks. The VAS pain score and hand edema volume were recorded before treatment, at 2 and 4 weeks during treatment, and 2 weeks after treatment completion (follow-up). Musculoskeletal ultrasound was used to measure the thickness of the dorsal hand and middle finger skin on the affected side before and after 4 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: Compared before treatment, the VAS pain scores and edema volume of the affected hand in both groups were decreased at week 2, week 4, and follow-up (P<0.05). At week 4, both groups showed lower VAS pain scores and edema volume than those at week 2 (P<0.05); during follow-up, both VAS pain scores and edema volume were further reduced compared to those at week 4 (P<0.05). At week 2, week 4, and follow-up, the VAS scores and edema volume of the affected hand in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Compared before treatment, the dorsal hand skin thickness and middle finger skin thickness on the affected side were decreased in both groups after 4 weeks of treatment (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the observation group showed thinner dorsal hand and middle finger skin thickness after 4 weeks of treatment (P<0.05). CONCLUSION EA at neuro-arterial stimulation points effectively alleviates pain and edema in patients with post-stroke SHS, and demonstrates superior efficacy compared to topical western medication.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Electroacupuncture ; Aged ; Stroke/complications* ; Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy/physiopathology* ; Treatment Outcome ; Hand

The cellular and molecular components of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and their information exchange processes significantly influence the trends of anti-tumor immunity. In recent years, numerous studies have begun to evaluate TIME in the context of previous cancer treatment strategies. This review will systematically summarize the compositional characteristics of TIME and, based on this foundation, explore the impact of current cancer therapies on the remodeling of TIME, aiming to provide new insights for the development of innovative immune combination therapies that can convert TIME into an anti-tumor profile.
Tumor Microenvironment/immunology* ; Humans ; Neoplasms/therapy* ; Immunotherapy/methods* ; Animals

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, causing dementia and affecting millions of individuals. One prominent characteristic in the brains of AD patients is glucose hypometabolism. In the context of galactose metabolism, intracellular glucose levels are heightened. Galactose mutarotase (GALM) plays a crucial role in maintaining normal galactose metabolism by catalyzing the conversion of β-D-galactose into α-D-galactose (α-D-G). The latter is then converted into glucose-6-phosphate, improving glucose metabolism levels. However, the involvement of GALM in AD progression is still unclear. In the present study, we found that the expression of GALM was significantly increased in AD patients and model mice. Genetic knockdown of GALM using adeno-associated virus did not change the expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and APP-cleaving enzymes including a disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10), β-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), and presenilin-1 (PS1). Interestingly, genetic overexpression of GALM reduced APP and Aβ deposition by increasing the maturation of ADAM10, although it did not alter the expression of BACE1 and PS1. Further electrophysiological and behavioral experiments showed that GALM overexpression significantly ameliorated the deficits in hippocampal CA1 long-term potentiation (LTP) and spatial learning and memory in AD model mice. Importantly, direct α-D-G (20 mg/kg, i.p.) also inhibited Aβ deposition by increasing the maturation of ADAM10, thereby improving hippocampal CA1 LTP and spatial learning and memory in AD model mice. Taken together, our results indicate that GALM shifts APP processing towards α-cleavage, preventing Aβ generation by increasing the level of mature ADAM10. These findings indicate that GALM may be a potential therapeutic target for AD, and α-D-G has the potential to be used as a dietary supplement for the prevention and treatment of AD.
Animals ; ADAM10 Protein/metabolism* ; Alzheimer Disease/pathology* ; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases/metabolism* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Mice ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism* ; Male ; Mice, Transgenic ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism* ; Cognitive Dysfunction/pathology* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/metabolism* ; Female ; Hippocampus/metabolism* ; Long-Term Potentiation/physiology*

Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of hyaluronic acid filler VYC-20L for full-face lifting in aesthetic seeking patients.Methods:Between November 2020 and November 2021, a total of 216 aesthetic seeking patients were enrolled in Shanghai Chingho Outpatient Department, World Path Clinic International, Qihe Medical Beauty Hospital and Qinhuangdao Qiaozhi Beauty Hospital, including 37 males and 179 females, aged 25-67 (41.42±10.93) years. According to the needs and requirements, the novel injection technique of " ROYGBbP-rainbow lifting method" was used to inject hyaluronic acid filler VYC-20L. The global aesthetic improvement scale (GAIS) and the treatment satisfaction questionnaires were scored and evaluated before the injection, and at follow-up visits 1, 6, and 12 months after the injection. Any adverse reaction or adverse events presenting or reported by the patients post-injection were recorded.Results:At 1 month, 6 months and 12 months after the injection, about 203 (94.0%), 208 (96.3%) and 205 (94.9%) of the aesthetic seeking patients rated their full-face appearance as " excellently improved" or " much improved" on the GAIS, respectively. And 12 months after the injection, the overall facial satisfaction scores and appearance recognition scores of all aesthetic seeking patients were all significantly higher than those before injection ( P<0.01). 197 (91.2%), 198 (91.7%) and 198 (91.7%) of the aesthetic seeking patients were " very satisfied" or " relatively satisfied" with the treatment at 1 month, 6 months and 12 months, respectively. Treatment site responses most frequently reported were tenderness, bruising, topical swelling and skin redness. Most of the symptoms were moderate or mild feeling, lasting for no more than two weeks. Conclusions:The application of hyaluronic acid filler VYC-20L is safe and effective for full-face lifting in aesthetic seeking patients, which can significantly improve facial sagging and rejuvenate the face. The effect of improvements can last for 12 months.

Objective:To investigate the mid-and long-term clinical efficacy of modified Colonna arthroplasty in the treatment of unilateral dislocation type developmental dysplasia of hip (DDH) in adolescents.Methods:A total of 28 adolescent DDH patients with unilateral dislocation who underwent modified Colonna capsular arthroplasty from January 2016 to January 2018 in the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of People's Liberation Army were retrospectively analyzed. There were 4 males and 24 females, aged 16.5±5.0 years (range, 10-25 years). The mean body mass index was 21.2±1.1 kg/m 2 (range, 18.7-24.1 kg/m 2). According to DDH classification, 10 cases were Tonnis type III and 18 cases were Tonnis type IV. The postoperative lateral center-edge angle, acetabular coverage, femoral anteversion angle and leg length discrepancy were measured. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, visual analogue scale (VAS) of hip pain, Harris hip score (HHS) and congenital dislocation of the hip score were recorded. Results:All patients successfully completed the operation and were followed up for 72.1±5.2 months (range, 60-84 months). The operation time was 81.6±4.3 min (range, 70-90 min), the intraoperative blood loss was 177.5±12.6 ml (range, 160-200 ml), and the hospital stay was 6.8±0.7 days (range, 6-9 days). The VAS score of the hip joint was 1.8±0.6 before operation and 2.3±0.6 at the last follow-up, and the difference was not statistically significant ( t=2.845, P=0.224). The preoperative HHS score was 57.1±5.9, and it increased to 87.3±4.0 at the last follow-up, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=-22.141, P=0.001). At the last follow-up, the femoral anteversion angle was 17.0°±1.5°, which was lower than that before operation 41.6°±2.4°, with a statistically significant difference ( t=-44.868, P=0.008). The leg length discrepancy was 10.2±2.3 mm, which was lower than that before operation (26.4±6.1 mm), with a statistically significant difference ( t=-12.892, P<0.001). The lateral center-edge angle was 28° (26°, 30°), and the acetabular coverage rate was 78% (76%, 79%). The curative effect evaluation standard score of congenital dislocation of the hip was 24 (16.7, 25.7) points, including 7 excellent cases, 14 good cases, 4 fair cases, and 3 poor cases. The excellent and good rate was 75% (21/28). Conclusion:The modified Colonna arthroplasty for the treatment of unilateral dislocation DDH in adolescents has good mid-and long-term hip function recovery and radiographic improvement.

The construction of experimental animal models plays an important supporting role in research into the mechanisms of action of Chinese medicines.There have been increasing reports of the construction and evaluation of animal models of spleen deficiency;however,the construction method have involved different standards and there has been insufficient objectification of the evaluation indexes.In this review,we summarize the construction and evaluation method of animal models of spleen deficiency from the aspects of animal selection,model establishment,macroscopic characterization,behavioral experiments,and objective indexes of spleen deficiency,with a view to providing theoretical guidance for the construction of experimental animal models of spleen deficiency and references for the selection of animal model platforms for spleen deficiency.

The gut microbiota is a vast microbial ecosystem,specifically present in the organism and plays an important regulatory role in the body's health or disease state together with its metabolites.After spinal cord injury,the complex pathophysiology at the site of trauma makes axonal regeneration difficult,and the autonomic motor dysfunction induced by spinal cord injury disrupts gastrointestinal function and causes gut microbiota imbalance.The previous clinical outcomes of neurorepair strategies after spinal cord injury have not been ideal.The dysregulated gut microbiota and neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury are closely associated with the prognosis of the patients.The potential mechanisms by which the gut microbiota may influence the neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury may include the activation of gut-associated lymphoid tissue and disruption of the intestinal barrier by the imbalanced microbiota,and gut microbiota and its metabolites such as lipopolysaccharides(LPS),short chain fatty acids(SCFAs),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),and tryptophan,as well as immune cells,inflammatory factors,and neurotransmitters the local inflammatory response in the spinal cord through the circulatory system.This paper revews the studies on the changes in gut microbiota after spinal cord injury and their effects on the spinal cord neuroinflammation,providing new targets and new ideas for improving the neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury.

It is found that acupuncture can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) such as pain and joint stiffness, and improve rheumatoid factor, high-sensitivity CRP, ESR and other clinical indicators. It can inhibit the proliferation of synovial cells, the apoptosis of chondrocytes, and regulate polarization balabce of mononuclear macrophages, T cells, as well as inhibit the inflammatory function of multiple immune cells, in order to improve inflammation state of RA joints. In clinical treatment of RA, bladder meridian, stomach meridian, spleen meridian , and Governor Vessel are mostly selected. Acupoints with the efficacy of warming meridian, dispelling coldness and dredging collaterals were commonly selected such as Zusanli (ST36), Yanglinquan (GB34), Dazhui (GV14), Quchi (LI11). Several researches have proved that combined therapy of acupuncture and medicine is worthy promotion in clinic.