BACKGROUND:Arthroscopic anchor repair has become the main treatment method for rotator cuff tears at present.Among them,the insertion status of the anchor is a key factor in the success or failure of the operation.However,currently,the impact of the insertion depth of the anchor on the stress of the bone tunnel and the anchor under different bone density conditions remains unclear.OBJECTIVE:To explore the stress distribution of the bone tunnel and the anchor when the insertion depth of the anchor varies under different bone density conditions by using three-dimensional finite element analysis technology.METHODS:The CT image data of the humerus of volunteers were collected,and the models of the humerus and the anchor were constructed by using Mimics,3-Matic,and Solidworks software.In 3-Matic,holes with distances of 0,2,4,6,and 8 mm from the surface of the humerus were respectively created at the same position of the humerus and assembled with the anchor.In Mimics,values were assigned based on the CT gray value to obtain a model with normal bone mass(T value ≥-1.0).The parameters were changed to construct models with reduced bone mass(-2.5＜T value＜-1.0)and osteoporosis(T value＜-2.5).In each model,a 70 N pulling force was applied to the anchor along the direction tangent to the inner edge of the bone tunnel.The stress distribution and magnitude of the bone tunnel and the anchor when inserted at different depths under different bone density conditions were observed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)When the insertion depth was the same,as the bone density decreased,the maximum equivalent stress of the anchor increased,while the maximum equivalent stress of the bone tunnel decreased.(2)When the bone density was the same,as the insertion depth of the anchor increased,the maximum equivalent stress of the anchor decreased.When the insertion depth was 4 mm,the stress of the bone tunnel was the smallest and the distribution was relatively uniform.The stress of the anchor was mainly distributed around the lower anchor hole and the proximal thread,and the stress of the bone tunnel was mainly at the part in contact with the proximal thread.The increase in the insertion depth would change the uniformity and pattern of the stress distribution,while the bone density had a relatively small impact on the stress distribution pattern.(3)It is concluded that the bone density of the humerus is crucial for the anchor repair of rotator cuff tears.It is recommended that clinicians measure the bone density of the greater tuberosity of the humerus before the operation.Excessive insertion depth of the anchor does not significantly increase its stability.Clinicians can conduct personalized preoperative assessments by using the finite element analysis method in combination with the actual situation of patients to achieve the best surgical results.

BACKGROUND:Arthroscopic anchor repair has become the main treatment method for rotator cuff tears at present.Among them,the insertion status of the anchor is a key factor in the success or failure of the operation.However,currently,the impact of the insertion depth of the anchor on the stress of the bone tunnel and the anchor under different bone density conditions remains unclear.OBJECTIVE:To explore the stress distribution of the bone tunnel and the anchor when the insertion depth of the anchor varies under different bone density conditions by using three-dimensional finite element analysis technology.METHODS:The CT image data of the humerus of volunteers were collected,and the models of the humerus and the anchor were constructed by using Mimics,3-Matic,and Solidworks software.In 3-Matic,holes with distances of 0,2,4,6,and 8 mm from the surface of the humerus were respectively created at the same position of the humerus and assembled with the anchor.In Mimics,values were assigned based on the CT gray value to obtain a model with normal bone mass(T value ≥-1.0).The parameters were changed to construct models with reduced bone mass(-2.5＜T value＜-1.0)and osteoporosis(T value＜-2.5).In each model,a 70 N pulling force was applied to the anchor along the direction tangent to the inner edge of the bone tunnel.The stress distribution and magnitude of the bone tunnel and the anchor when inserted at different depths under different bone density conditions were observed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)When the insertion depth was the same,as the bone density decreased,the maximum equivalent stress of the anchor increased,while the maximum equivalent stress of the bone tunnel decreased.(2)When the bone density was the same,as the insertion depth of the anchor increased,the maximum equivalent stress of the anchor decreased.When the insertion depth was 4 mm,the stress of the bone tunnel was the smallest and the distribution was relatively uniform.The stress of the anchor was mainly distributed around the lower anchor hole and the proximal thread,and the stress of the bone tunnel was mainly at the part in contact with the proximal thread.The increase in the insertion depth would change the uniformity and pattern of the stress distribution,while the bone density had a relatively small impact on the stress distribution pattern.(3)It is concluded that the bone density of the humerus is crucial for the anchor repair of rotator cuff tears.It is recommended that clinicians measure the bone density of the greater tuberosity of the humerus before the operation.Excessive insertion depth of the anchor does not significantly increase its stability.Clinicians can conduct personalized preoperative assessments by using the finite element analysis method in combination with the actual situation of patients to achieve the best surgical results.

ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemiological characteristics of a local dengue fever cluster outbreak in Qingpu District of Shanghai in 2024, and to provide a reference for subsequent dengue fever prevention and control. MethodsSeven confirmed local dengue fever cases reported through the National Notifiable Infectious Diseases Surveillance System in Qingpu District of Shanghai in 2024 were selected as the research subjects. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to conduct investigation and analysis from the aspects of onset, medical treatment and reporting, clinical symptoms, travel and contact history within 15 days before onset, and activity trajectories. ResultsA total of 7 cases were identified in this outbreak. None of the cases had a travel history to dengue-endemic areas within 15 days prior to onset, while all had shared exposure environments and mosquito bite histories, indicating a local clustered transmission pattern. The main clinical manifestations included fever (100.00%) and myalgia (42.86%). All 7 cases were positive for dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) by nucleic acid testing. Genetic sequencing showed that the virus strains belonged to the Cosmopolitan genotype and were most closely related to the epidemic DENV strains circulating in southern China in recent years. ConclusionThis outbreak might be a local secondary infection caused by the short-term stay of dengue fever-infected individuals, and the possible source of importation was dengue fever endemic areas in southern China.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Sanet Vision Integrator (SVI)-based visuomotor integration training on the severity of neglect symptoms, upper limb motor function and activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with post-stroke unilateral spatial neglect (USN). MethodsFrom July, 2023 to September, 2025, 41 patients with post-stroke USN in Beijing Bo'ai Hospital were enrolled and randomly assigned to control group (n = 20) and experimental group (n = 21). Both groups received conventional rehabilitation and visual scanning training, while the experimental group received supplementary SVI-based visuomotor integration training, including saccadic, rotation and hand-eye coordination training, for eight weeks. They were assessed with Chinese Behavioral Inattention Test-Hong Kong version (CBIT-HK), Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremities (FMA-UE) and modified Barthel Index (MBI) before and after treatment. ResultsAfter treatment, all the scores significantly improved in both groups (|t| > 4.004, P < 0.001), and the total scores of CBIT-HK and the core visual search sub-items (star cancellation, line crossing and letter cancellation), FMA-UE and MBI were better in the experimental group than in the control group (t > 2.096, P < 0.05). ConclusionSVI-based visuomotor training can effectively alleviate the USN symptoms, broaden the span of visual attention, facilitate the functional recovery of the affected upper extremity, and improve ADL in patients after stroke.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of laser ablation and closure for the treatment of sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease (SPD) and to analyze risk factors for postoperative recurrence in male patients.Methods:A retrospective observational study was conducted to collect clinical data of 369 patients with SPD who underwent laser ablation and closure in the Anorectal Department of Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between March 2019 and December 2024. Perioperative outcomes and postoperative recurrence were analyzed. The cohort included 313 males and 56 females, with 43 patients aged ≤18 years. The median body mass index was 26.3 (IQR: 22.9, 29.6) kg/m2, and the median disease duration was 28 months (IQR: 4, 76). Among them, 218 male SPD patients who underwent surgery received preoperative sex hormone testing. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors for recurrence.Results:All patients completed the surgery. The median intraoperative ablation energy delivered was 426.8 (IQR: 243.9, 683.9) J, with no occurrence of major intraoperative complications. Postoperatively, a total of 31 patients (8.4%) required analgesic medication. Within the first postoperative week, 12 patients experienced wound oozing/bleeding; hemostasis was achieved by compression alone in 5 cases, while the remaining 7 instances required suture hemostasis after failed compression attempts. No other complications were observed. The median postoperative hospital stay was 6 (IQR: 4, 8) days, and the median time to return to regular work and life was 7 (IQR: 5, 12) days. The wound healing rate was 100%, with a median wound healing time of 35 (IQR: 30, 42) days. Postoperative recurrence occurred in 19 patients (5.1%), all of whom were male. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified age ≤18 years (OR = 4.764, 95%CI: 2.424-34.905, P = 0.008) and a history of previous SPD surgery (OR = 5.078, 95%CI: 1.431-18.019, P = 0.012) as independent risk factors for recurrence after SPD laser ablation and closure surgery. Conclusion:Laser ablation and closure are safe, effective, and minimally invasive treatments for SPD. However, particular attention should be paid to the risk of recurrence in young male patients and those with a history of previous SPD surgery.

Lung cancer, particularly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. In recent years, metabolomics has emerged as a key systems biology approach for analyzing small-molecule metabolites in cells, tissues and organisms. It provides new strategies for early diagnosis and metabolic profiling. Additionally, metabolomics plays a crucial role in studying resistance mechanisms in lung cancer. Tumor cell metabolic reprogramming is a key driving factor in the initiation and progression of lung cancer. Metabolomics studies have revealed how lung cancer cells regulate critical pathways such as energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism to adapt to the demands of rapid proliferation and invasive metastasis. This review summarizes the latest advances in metabolomics research in lung cancer, focusing on the characteristics of metabolic reprogramming, the identification of potential metabolic biomarkers, and the prospects of metabolomics in early diagnosis and the elucidation of resistance mechanisms in lung cancer.
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Humans ; Metabolomics/methods* ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology* ; Animals ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism*

Objective:To retrospectively analyze the results of auditory examination,vestibular function examination and laboratory examination of 63 patients diagnosed as vestibular neuritis.Methods:A total of 63 patients diagnosed with vestibular neuritis hospitalized in the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, from October 2012 to December 2022 were recruited. All patients met the diagnostic criteria for the 2022 Bárány association vestibular neuritis. Clinical data and the results of pure tone audiometry, electrocochleogram, video electronystagmogram, caloric test, cervical vestibuloevoked myogenic potential（cVEMP）, ocular vestibuloevoked myogenic potential（oVEMP）, video head impulse test（vHIT） was collected.A total of 63 age-and sex-matched healthy subjects in the physical examination center were randomly selected as the control group. The differences of blood indexs and lipid metabolism indexes between the two groups were compared. Results:In patients with vestibular neuritis, 50 out of 63 patients presented normal threshold in pure tone audiometry, 8 out of 63 patients had bilateral high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss and 5 out of 63 patients had unilateral mild high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss, 56 out of 63 cases completed the electrocochleogram, of which 3 cases had a binaural-SP/AP amplitude ratio≥0.4, 5 cases had monaural amplitude ratio ≥0.4. Fifty-five out of 63 patients completed the caloric test with CP values greater than 30% in all. The ratio of patients completed cVEMP, oVEMP and vHIT were 46 cases, 22 cases and 30 cases, respectively. 17 out of 63 cases completed all the four vestibular function tests. According to these tests, 49 patients could determine the extent of injury，including 27 cases with unilateral superior vestibular nerve injury, 21 cases with unilateral superior and inferior vestibular nerve injury and 1 case with unilateral inferior vestibular nerve injury. There were significant differences in neutrophil value（P<0.001）, lymphocyte value（P<0.005）, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio（P<0.001） and apolipoprotein A1（P<0.001） between patient group and control group. Inflammatory markers were risk factors for patients with vestibular neuritis. The OR values of neutrophil value and blood neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio were 1.81（1.38-2.37, P<0.001） and 2.11（1.41-3.16, P<0.001）, respectively. Apolipoprotein A1 was a protective factor for patients with vestibular neuritis, and the OR value was 0.004（0.001-0.042, P<0.001）. Conclusion:Electrocochleogram could be used in vestibular neuritis patients with normal pure tone threshold to test whether there is hidden hearing loss in these patients. Neutrophil value, lymphocyte value, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and apolipoprotein A1 were correlated with vestibular neuritis. The Neutrophil value and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio were risk factors for morbidity.
Humans ; Vestibular Neuronitis/physiopathology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Female ; Male ; Audiometry, Pure-Tone ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology* ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Vestibular Function Tests ; Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials ; Aged

The activation proteins released by fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment regulate tumor growth, migration, and treatment response, thereby influencing tumor progression and therapeutic outcomes. Owing to the proliferation and metastasis of tumors, fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is typically highly expressed in the tumor stroma, whereas it is nearly absent in adult normal tissues and benign lesions, making it an attractive target for precision medicine. Radiolabeled agents targeting FAP have the potential for targeted cancer diagnosis and therapy. This comprehensive review aims to describe the evolution of FAPI-based radiopharmaceuticals and their structural optimization. Within its scope, this review summarizes the advances in the use of radiolabeled small molecule inhibitors for tumor imaging and therapy as well as the modification strategies for FAPIs, combined with insights from structure-activity relationships and clinical studies, providing a valuable perspective for radiopharmaceutical clinical development and application.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the role of ferroptosis in diquat-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and its molecular mechanisms. METHODS: Transgenic zebrafish models with Tg (Eco.Tshb:EGFP) labeling of the renal tubules and Tg (lyz:dsRed2) labeling of the neutrophils were both divided into control group, gentamicin (positive control) group, diquat poisoning group, ferroptosis inhibitor group. The indicators of kidney injury, inflammatory response, and ferroptosis were examined in the zebrafish, and the changes in expressions of voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 (VDAC1) and mitochondrial ferritin (FTMT) were detected using Western blotting. RESULTS: AKI induced by diquat exhibited a significant dose-effect relationship, and the severity of injury was proportional to the exposure concentration. Diquat also caused marked oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in the zebrafish models. Rhodamine metabolism assay and HE staining revealed significantly declined glomerular filtration function of the zebrafish as diquat exposure concentration increased. Immunofluorescence staining highlighted significant changes in the expressions of ferroptosis markers GPX4 and FTH1 in zebrafish renal tissues following diquat exposure. In diquat-exposed zebrafish, treatment with ferrostatin-1, a ferroptosis inhibitor, obviously upregulated GPX4 and downregulated FTH1 expressions and improved the metabolic rate of glucan labeled with rhodamine B. Diquat exposure significantly upregulated the expression of VDAC1 and FTMT in zebrafish, and the application of ferrostatin-1 and VBIT-12 (a VDAC1 inhibitor) both caused pronounced downregulation of FTMT expression. CONCLUSIONS Ferroptosis is a critical mechanism underlying diquat-induced AKI, in which VDAC1 and FTMT play important regulatory roles, suggesting their potential as therapeutic target for AKI caused by diquat.
Animals ; Zebrafish ; Ferroptosis/drug effects* ; Acute Kidney Injury/chemically induced* ; Diquat/toxicity* ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 1/metabolism* ; Ferritins/metabolism* ; Oxidative Stress

Mutations in ion channel genes have long been implicated in a spectrum of epilepsy syndromes. However, therapeutic decision-making is relatively complex for epilepsies associated with channelopathy. Therefore, in the present study, we used a patient-derived organoid model with a novel SCN2A mutation (p.E512K) to investigate the potential of utilizing such a model as a platform for preclinical testing of anti-seizure compounds. The electrophysiological properties of the variant Nav1.2 exhibited gain-of-function effects with increased current amplitude and premature activation. Immunofluorescence staining of patient-derived cortical organoids (COs) displayed normal neurodevelopment. Multielectrode array (MEA) recordings of patient-derived COs showed hyperexcitability with increased spiking and remarkable network bursts. Moreover, the application of patient-derived COs for preclinical drug testing using the MEA showed that they exhibit differential responses to various anti-seizure drugs and respond well to carbamazepine. Our results demonstrate that the individualized organoids have the potential to serve as a platform for preclinical pharmacological assessment.
Organoids/physiology* ; NAV1.2 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel/genetics* ; Humans ; Anticonvulsants/pharmacology* ; Epilepsy/drug therapy* ; Mutation ; Cerebral Cortex/drug effects* ; Action Potentials/drug effects* ; Carbamazepine/pharmacology*