OBJECTIVE: To explore the timing of weaning extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and analyze the risk factors that affect survival outcomes before weaning. METHODS: A retrospective case-control study was conducted. Patients who received ECMO treatment and were weaned according to physicians' orders at the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2020 to June 2024 were enrolled as the study subjects. The general information, underlying diseases, indications and processes of ECMO, vital signs and arterial blood gas analysis 1 hour before weaning test, and biochemical indicators 24 hours before weaning test were collected through the hospital electronic medical record system. The primary outcome measure was the hospital mortality. The variables with P < 0.1 in univariate analysis and correlation analysis were included into binary Logistic regression analysis to identify risk factors. A nomogram model was constructed to predict the risk of weaning death in patients with ECMO, and receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) and calibration curve were drawn to evaluate the model. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to evaluate the clinical net benefit rate of the model. RESULTS: A total of 32 ECMO patients were included, among whom 10 received veno-arterial ECMO (VA-ECMO) and 22 received veno-venous ECMO (VV-ECMO). During the hospitalization period, 23 patients survived, while 9 died. The time from mechanical ventilation to ECMO activation in the death group was significantly longer than that in the survival group, and the time from ECMO cessation to discharge was significantly shorter than that in the survival group. The levels of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and albumin (Alb) before weaning were significantly lower than those in the survival group, and the level of procalcitonin (PCT) was significantly higher than that in the survival group (all P < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that DBP, PCT, Alb, and thrombin time (TT) were correlated with the weaning outcomes of ECMO patients (r values were -0.450, 0.373, -0.376, -0.346, all P < 0.1). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the final indicators entering the regression equation included DBP [odds ratio (OR) = 0.864, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 0.756-0.982], PCT (OR = 1.157, 95%CI was 0.679-1.973), and TT (OR = 0.852, 95%CI was 0.693-1.049), and a nomogram model was constructed to predict the weaning outcomes of ECMO patients. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of the nomogram model for predicting the weaning outcome of ECMO patients was 0.831, with a sensitivity of 77.8% and a specificity of 65.2%. Its predictive value was better than that of single indicators DBP, PCT, and TT (AUC of 0.787, 0.739, and 0.722, respectively). The calibration curve showed that the prediction probability of the model was in good consistency with the actual observed results, the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test showed that, χ ² = 8.3521, P = 0.400, indicating that the model fits well. DCA showed that across risk threshold of 0-0.8, the net benefit rate was greater than 0, which was significantly better than that of single indicator. CONCLUSIONS The nomogram model constructed with DBP, PCT, and TT has certain predictive value for the weaning outcomes of ECMO patients and can be used as a screening indicator for ECMO weaning timing.
Humans ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Case-Control Studies ; Hospital Mortality ; Male ; Female ; Nomograms ; Logistic Models ; ROC Curve ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Ventilator Weaning ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVE: To identify the risk factors related to the timing of patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) initiation and construct a risk prediction model for ECMO initiation timing. METHODS: Patients who received ECMO admitted to the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2020 to January 2024 were retrospectively collected. The case data mainly included physiological and biochemical indicators 1 hour before ECMO initiation. According to the outcome of the patients, they were divided into survival group and death group. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the predictors of mortality risk in patients with ECMO, and a nomogram prediction model was constructed. The discrimination, calibration accuracy, and goodness of the model were evaluated by the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve), calibration curve, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, respectively. Decision curve analysis (DCA) evaluated the clinical net benefit rate of the model. RESULTS: A total of 81 ECMO patients were included, including 59 males and 22 females; age range from 16 to 61 years old, with a median age of 56.0 (39.5, 61.5) years old; 20 patients received veno-arterial (V-A) ECMO, and 61 patients received veno-venous (V-V) ECMO; 23 patients ultimately survived and 58 patients died. Univariate analysis showed that age, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, D-dimer, arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressure, and prothrombin time of the death group were all higher than those of the survival group, while albumin was slightly lower than that of the survival group. There was a statistically significant difference in the direct cause of ECMO initiation between the two groups. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.069, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 1.015-1.125, P = 0.012], direct cause of ECMO initiation [with heart failure as the reference, return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after cardiopulmonary support (OR = 30.672, 95%CI was 1.265-743.638, P = 0.035), novel coronavirus infection (OR = 8.666, 95%CI was 0.818-91.761, P = 0.073), other severe pneumonia (OR = 4.997, 95%CI was 0.558-44.765, P = 0.150)], pre-ECMO serum creatinine (OR = 1.008, 95%CI was 1.000-1.016, P = 0.044), prothrombin time (OR = 1.078, 95%CI was 0.948-1.226, P = 0.252), and D-dimer (OR = 1.135, 95%CI was 1.047-1.231, P = 0.002) were entered into the final regression equation. A nomogram prediction model was developed based on these five factors. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the model was 0.889 (95%CI was 0.819-0.959), higher than the AUC of the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA; AUC = 0.604, 95%CI was 0.467-0.742). The calibration curve showed good consistency between the model predictions and the observed results. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed that χ ² = 4.668, P = 0.792. DCA analysis showed that when the risk threshold was 0-0.8, the net benefit rate was greater than 0, which was significantly better than that of SOFA score. CONCLUSIONS The risk prediction model for the timing of ECMO initiation, constructed using five factors (age, direct cause of ECMO initiation, thrombin time, serum creatinine, and D-dimer), demonstrated good discrimination and calibration. It can serve as a pre-initiation assessment tool to identify and predict post-initiation mortality risk in ECMO patients.
Humans ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Female ; Retrospective Studies ; Adult ; Risk Factors ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Logistic Models ; Nomograms ; ROC Curve ; Time Factors ; Risk Assessment

Objective To explore the chemical basis of Shenxianshengmai oral liquid.Method UHPLC-Q Exactive Focus MS/MS technology was used to identify the chemical components of Shenxianshengmai oral liquid.The chromatographic separation was performed on a Thermo Accucore aQ C18 column(150 mm×2.1 mm,2.6 μm)with mobile phase gradient elution of 0.1%formic acid aqueous solution(A)and methanol(B)for 0-13 min,5%-60%B;13-27 min,60%-95%B;27-30 min,95%B,the flow rate was 0.3 mL·min-1,and the column temperature was at 30℃.The mass spectrometry was performed by heating electrospray ionization(H-ESI)with positive and negative ion scanning modes.The scanning range was m/z 120-1800,and the collision energies were 30 eV,50 eV and 70 eV.Result A total of 160 components were identified,including 29 flavonoids,24 organic acids,21 alkaloids,19 terpenoids,15 phenylpropanoids,12 saponins and 40 other components.Six chemical constituents(rutin,psoralenoside,isopsoralenoside,psoralen,isopsoralen and bakuchiol)were confirmed by comparison with reference substances.Conclusion In this study,an UHPLC-Q Exactive Focus MS/MS method has been established for accurate,rapid and systematic identification of the constituents in Shenxian Shengmai oral liquid,which provides an important basis for clarifying the chemical basis and quality control.

Objective:To analyze the current status of anesthesiology research in the world and China in 2023 and to identify the anesthesiology research hotspots using bibliometrics.Methods:The literature related to anesthesiology published in PubMed in 2023 was searched, and the country and author of the literature, as well as the key words of the literature were visually analyzed by using the software CiteSpace6.2. R4.Results:A total of 22 473 articles were included, the country with the largest number of publications was the United States, and China ranked second. The author with the highest number of publications in the field of anesthesiology in the worldwide in 2023 was Kaye Alan D from the United States. Chronic pain, general anesthesia and pain management were the research hotspots in the field of anesthesiology worldwide in 2023. The research hotspots in the field of anesthesiology in China focused on general anesthesia, oxidative stress and neuropathic pain.Conclusions:The United States is the leader in the research in the field of anesthesiology, with China following behind. The keywords of the literature in the field of anesthesiology between China and the world are roughly the same, reflecting the convergence of Chinese scientific research with global scientific research. Domestic anaesthesia practitioners can refer to or learn from the research hotspots of related countries and strengthen communication and cooperation between teams while conducting academic research.

Objective To explore the effect of pregabalin on sleep of patients after video-assisted thoracic surgery(VATS).Methods 120 cases of patients undergoing VATS under general anesthesia were randomly divided into 75 mg pregabalin group(group A),150 mg pregabalin group(group B),and placebo group(group C),with 40 patients in each group.On the night of the operation,the morning and evening of the first day and the second day after the operation,the patients in the three groups were given one tablet of pregabalin(75 mg),one tablet of placebo with the same shape and smell,two tablets of pregabalin(150 mg)and two tablets of placebo with the same shape and smell respectively.Athens insomnia scale(AIS)was used to evaluate the incidence of postoperative sleep disturbance(PSD)on the night of operation,and the patients'sleep quality every night from one night before operation to the 2nd day after operation was assessed using the St.Mary's Hospital sleep questionaire(SMH).Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)was used to evaluate the patients'sleep quality one day before the operation,7 days after operation,and 1 month after the operation.The digital rating scale(NRS)was used to evaluate the patients'pain at the incision and the surgical side.The remedial analgesia,incidence of adverse events in the 72 h postoperative period,and patient satisfaction score were recorded.Results The incidence of PSD in group A,group B and group C was 45.0％,42.5％and 72.5％,respectively,the incidence of group A and group B was significantly lower than in group C(group A,B and C compared in pairs,P＜0.016 7).The SMH scores in group A and group B were significantly higher than in group C on the day of operation,the first day and the second day after operation(group A,B and C compared in pairs,P＜0.016 7).The incidence of NRS scores in groups A and B at the incision and postoperative remedial analgesia was significantly lower than in group C on postoperative day 1 and postoperative day 2(group A,B and C compared in pairs,P＜0.016 7).There was no statistically significant difference in the pain scores at the incision and shoulder among the three groups at the remaining time points.The postoperative patient satisfaction scores were significantly higher in group A and group B than in group C(P＜0.01).The incidence of dizziness in group B was significantly higher than in the other two groups(P＜0.016 7).Conclusion Oral administration of pregabalin(75 mg/150 mg)for 3 days after VATS can reduce the incidence of PSD and improve the quality of sleep that night,but oral administration of 150 mg pregabalin may increase the incidence of dizziness.

Objective To investigate the application value of pre-implantation genetic testing(PGT)in patients with Turner syndrome.Methods The clinical data,embryonic development,PGT results and pregnancy outcome of 18 patients with Turner syndrome who underwent PGT in the reproductive center of 900th Hospital from January 2016 to June 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Results All 18 patients had spontaneous puberty development,of which 4 patients had primary ovarian insufficiency(POI).A total of 24 oocyte retrieval cycles were performed in 18 patients,of which 6 patients had no biopsied embryos for 10 cycles.Sixty-one embryos were biopsied and 60 embryos were clearly diagnosed,including 25 with chromosomal abnormalities.Seven patients with mosaic Turner syndrome obtained clinical pregnancies after transplantation,including 4 healthy boys had already been delivered and 3 are in pregnancy.Conclusion There are numerous types of karyotype in Turner syndrome.The clinical phenotypes vary greatly in individuals with Turner syndrome,and prognosis of PGT is significant different.Patients with Turner syndrome who had biopsied embryos can obtain available embryo using PGT,and achieve ideal clinical outcomes.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the application value of mapping allele with resolved carrier status (MaReCs) technique for preimplantation genetic testing (PGT). METHODS: The characteristics of MaReCs for PGT and outcome of patients were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Compared with those who could not use the technique, carriers who have used the MaReCs technique were younger, had significantly higher level of anti-Mullerian hormone, more antral follicles, occytes, mature occytes, biopsied embryos and euploid embryos, and lower risks for de novo chromosomal abnormality (P<0.05). It was necessary for couples with fewer oocytes, mature oocytes and balstocyst to preserve discarded embryos to facilitate the test. Carriers who have used the MaReCs technique had higher clinical pregnancy rate and abortion rate compared with those undergoing routine PGT, albeit no significant difference was found between the two groups (P> 0.05). Carriers undergoing MaReCs test could preferentially select embryos with normal chromosome structures for the transfer. CONCLUSION Application of MaReCs has a prerequisite for having a minimum number of occytes and biopsied embryos and using discarded embryos sometimes. MaReCs is efficient for the detection of carrier status of embryos and attaining higher rate of pregnancy and live birth, which can significantly improve the outcome for couples carrying chromosomal translocations.
Alleles ; Aneuploidy ; Blastocyst ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Preimplantation Diagnosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Translocation, Genetic

Objective:To determine the expression of interleukin(IL)-23 and its influence on the associated cytokines and genes in different immune phases of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.Methods:Our study included 197 patients with chronic hepatitis B(including 16 for immune tolerance phase, 106 for immune clearance phase, 59 for immune control phase and 16 for reactivation phase). The level of IL-23、IL-17、TGF-β、IL-10、IL-21 in plasma was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA expression level of ROR-γt、Foxp3 was detected by real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The data were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0 software.Results:The level of IL-23、IL-17、IL-21、ROR-γt mRNA in CHB patients is significantly higher than normal controls ( P<0.05). The level of IL-23 is positively correlated with ALT、AST、GGT、TBil、IL-17、IL-21 in plasma and ROR-γt mRNA、Foxp3 mRNA level in PBMCs( P<0.05). The expression of IL-23、IL-17 and ROR-γt mRNA are different between different immune phases( P<0.05). Conclusions:IL-23 might play an important role on the different immune phases in chronic HBV infection through influencing associated cytokines and genes.

Objective To analyze the immunostimulatory effects of cyclic dinucleotides ( CDN) on immune responses to a nasal spray influenza split virus vaccine and to evaluate its potential as a mucosal ad-juvant. Methods A H1N1 influenza split virus vaccine combined with different CDN was used for mouse immunization. Each mouse was intranasally immunized twice with 4. 5μg of hemagglutinin (HA) and 10μg of CDN with an interval of 21 d. Titers of hemagglutination inhibition ( HI) antibodies in serum, secretory IgA ( sIgA) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and IgG in serum were detected 21 d after the last immunization. Immunostimulatory activities of different CDN were compared. Effects of cyclic di-GMP ( c-di-GMP) and ch-itosan (CSN) on the immunogenicity of H1N1 and H7N9 influenza split vaccines were analyzed and com-pared. H1N1 influenza split vaccine combined with c-di-GMP or CSN was used to immunize mice. Three weeks after the last immunization, these mice were challenged with 10 times the median lethal dose ( LD50 ) of A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1) influenza virus. Survival rates of the mice were observed for 14 d. Results All three CDN induced high levels of HI antibodies and IgG in serum and sIgA in BALF. HI antibody sero-conversion rates were also higher than those of the control groups. c-di-GMP was superior to CSN in enhan-cing the immunogenicity of H1N1 and H7N9 antigens as higher titers of HI antibodies in serum and sIgA in BALF were induced. Conclusions CDN could enhance the immunogenicity of influenza antigens with better efficacy than CSN adjuvant.

Objective To investigate the correlation between semen parameters with spontaneous abortion in early pregnancy after in vitro fertilization (IVF) assisted pregnancy operation .Methods 220 patients with successful pregnancy after IVF assisted pregnancy operation in the reproductive center of this hospital were selected as the research subjects .Among them ,40 cases of early spontaneous abortion served as the observa-tion group and 180 cases without early spontaneous abortion occurrence as the control group .The related pa-rameters of sperm hyaluronic acid unbinding rate ,sperm nucleoprotein immaturity rate and sperm morphology normal rate were measured and analyzed by adopting the computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA) .Results The sperm hyaluronic acid unbinding rate and sperm nucleoprotein immaturity rate in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ,the difference was statistically significant ( P<0 .05);the sperm morphology normal rate in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05);the other semen parameters had no statis-tical differences between the two groups (P>0 .05) .The statistical analysis result showed that the sperm hy-aluronic acid unbinding rate ,sperm DNA fragmentation rate and sperm nucleoprotein immaturity had the posi-tive correlation between each other ,which had the negative correlation with the other indicators .After the stepwise analysis by the binary Logistic regression model ,the results showed that the high risk factors affect-ing spontaneous abortion in early pregnancy after IVF included sperm nucleoprotein immaturity rate and sperm hyaluronic acid unbinding rate .Conclusion The sperm nucleoprotein immaturity rate and sperm hyalu-ronic acid unbinding rate are two high-risk factors inducing early spontaneous abortion after IVF .