Objective: To analyze the association of eating dining locations and their association with nutritional status among Chinese children aged 6-17 years,so as to provide reference for guiding children s reasonable diet. Methods: Stratified random cluster sampling was used to select children aged 6 to 17 years from 28 cities and rural areas of 14 provinces in East, North, Central, South, Southwest, Northwest, Northeast of China, and a total of 52 535 children were included in the study from 2019 to 2021. Information including dining locations, demographic characteristics, dietary intakes and physical activity were collected through a questionnaire survey. Fasting body height and weight were measured in the morning. Unordered multiclass Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between dining locations and nutritional status in children. Results: Regarding children s dining locations, 66.3% ate breakfast at home,25.8% ate breakfast at school,7.9% ate breakfast outside (small dining tables, restaurants, stalls, etc.); 67.7% ate dinner at home,29.0% ate dinner at school,3.3% ate dinner outside; and 63.6% ate lunch at school,30.8% ate lunch at home,5.7% ate lunch outside. The prevalence rates of overweight/obesity and undernutrition were 28.6% and 9.3%, respectively. The adjusted multiclass Logistic regression analysis (controlling for age, region, parental education, household income, total energy intake, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity) demonstrated that, compared to eating at home, school based breakfast and dinner consumption was associated with significantly lower overweight/obesity risks for both genders (boys: breakfast OR =0.70, 95% CI =0.65-0.75; dinner OR =0.80, 95% CI = 0.74- 0.86; girls: breakfast OR = 0.89 , 95% CI = 0.82-0.96; dinner OR =0.88, 95% CI =0.81-0.95), whereas eating lunch away from home significantly increased overweight/obesity risks (boys: OR =1.32, 95% CI =1.17-1.48; girls: OR =1.43, 95% CI =1.26- 1.62 ), with all associations being statistically significant ( P <0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, boys who ate breakfast away from home showed a significantly reduced risk of undernutrition ( OR =0.80,95% CI =0.66-0.97), while those consuming lunch away from home had an increased risk ( OR =1.26, 95% CI =1.01-1.57) ( P <0.05). Conclusions The choice of dining locations for children is becoming more diverse, and a relatively high proportion of children eat meals outside the home and at school. Eating out have a higher risk of malnutrition for children. School feeding may be beneficial to children s physical health.

Objective:To develop and evaluate a nomogram prediction model for the 3-month mortality risk of patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (S-AKI).Methods:Based on the American Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-Ⅳ (MIMIC-Ⅳ), clinical data of S-AKI patients from 2008 to 2021 were collected.Initially, 58 relevant predictive factors were included, with all-cause mortality within 3 months as the outcome event. The data were divided into training and testing sets at a 7∶3 ratio. In the training set, univariate Logistic regression analysis was used for preliminary variable screening. Multicollinearity analysis, Lasso regression, and random forest algorithm were employed for variable selection, combined with the clinical application value of variables, to establish a multivariable Logistic regression model, visualized using a nomogram. In the testing set, the predictive value of the model was evaluated through internal validation. The receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) was drawn, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the discrimination of nomogram model and Oxford acute severity of illness score (OASIS), sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), and systemic inflammatory response syndrome score (SIRS). The calibration curve was used to evaluate the calibration, and decision curve analysis (DCA) was performed to assess the net benefit at different probability thresholds.Results:Based on the survival status at 3 months after diagnosis, patients were divided into 7?768 (68.54%) survivors and 3?566 (31.46%) death. In the training set, after multiple screenings, 7 variables were finally included in the nomogram model: Logistic organ dysfunction system (LODS), Charlson comorbidity index, urine output, international normalized ratio (INR), respiratory support mode, blood urea nitrogen, and age. Internal validation in the testing set showed that the AUC of nomogram model was 0.81 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) was 0.80-0.82], higher than the OASIS score's 0.70 (95% CI was 0.69-0.71) and significantly higher than the SOFA score's 0.57 (95% CI was 0.56-0.58) and SIRS score's 0.56 (95% CI was 0.55-0.57), indicating good discrimination. The calibration curve demonstrated that the nomogram model's calibration was better than the OASIS, SOFA, and SIRS scores. The DCA curve suggested that the nomogram model's clinical net benefit was better than the OASIS, SOFA, and SIRS scores at different probability thresholds. Conclusions:A nomogram prediction model for the 3-month mortality risk of S-AKI patients, based on clinical big data from MIMIC-Ⅳ and including seven variables, demonstrates good discriminative ability and calibration, providing an effective new tool for assessing the prognosis of S-AKI patients.

Radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) is a common complication of radiotherapy and one of the main causes of non-cancer death in patients with thoracic malignant tumors, which seriously affects the clinical outcome and quality of life of patients. PET imaging is able to assess myocardial perfusion, abnormal myocardial metabolic, cardiac sympathetic disorders, myocardial fibrosis and inflammation, and is of great value in the early diagnosis and detection of RIHD. This article reviews the progress of PET imaging in the early detection of RIHD.

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of differential distribution of peripheral lymphocyte subsets before and after the first 131I treatment on the therapeutic response to 131I treatment in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 46 PTC patients (16 males, 30 females, age 20-77 years) who underwent total thyroidectomy and received 131I treatment between January 2021 and August 2021 in First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets (T, B, CD4 + T, CD8 + T, natural killer (NK), helper T (Th)1, Th2, Th17, and regulatory T (Treg) cells) were measured 1-2 d before and 30 d after 131I treatment. Based on serological and imaging evidence, therapeutic response at 6-12 months post- 131I therapy was categorized as either excellent response (ER) or non-excellent response (NER). Differences of preablative stimulated thyroglobulin (psTg) and clinical baseline characteristics between two groups were assessed by using independent-sample t test, paired t test, or Mann-Whitney U test. Predictive value of lymphocyte subsets before and after 131I treatment for therapeutic response was assessed through logistic regression analysis, ROC curve analysis, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results:In ER group ( n=33) and NER group ( n=13), most lymphocyte subsets showed different degrees of reduction 30 d after 131I treatment compared to before 131I treatment, such as T, B, CD4 + T and Th1 cells in ER group, as well as T, B, CD4 + T, Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cells in NER group ( t values: 2.41-9.57, all P<0.05). Before 131I treatment, NER group had significantly higher levels of psTg, Th2, Th17, and Treg cells compared to the ER group ( t values: from -3.32 to -2.48, U=29.00, all P<0.05). After 131I treatment, most of lymphocyte subsets in NER group (T, B, CD4 + T, CD8 + T, Th1 and Treg cells) showed higher trend than those in ER group but without statistical significances ( t values: from -1.12 to -0.06, all P>0.05). Th2 cells before 131I treatment (odds ratio ( OR)=25.00, 95% CI: 1.36-459.10, P=0.030) was identified as a risk factor for NER. ROC curve analysis indicated that AUCs of psTg and Th2 cells for predicting therapeutic response were 0.932 and 0.790, respectively, which was 0.958 for the combined psTg and Th2 cells. DCA showed that within the threshold probability range of 10%-60%, the curves for psTg, Th2 cells, and the combined psTg and Th2 cells were all higher than the extreme curve, suggesting good effect. Conclusions:Most lymphocyte subsets decrease to varying degrees, and NER group shows a significant decrease 30 d after 131I treatment. Th2 cells may be a risk factor for poor response to 131I treatment, providing a certain value in predicting the therapeutic response to 131I treatment.

AIM:To investigate the effects of Shaoyao-Gancao decoction(SGD)on inflammation and mucosal barrier damage in rats with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid(TNBS)-induced inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).METHODS:Forty-eight male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,high-dose(500 mg/kg),medium-dose(250 mg/kg)and low-dose(125 mg/kg)SGD groups,and balsalazide sodium(1 g/kg)group.All rats were pre-administered for 3 d,and on the 4th day of the experiment,they were fasted for 24 h.Except for the normal group,the rats in the other 5 groups were given enema mixed with TNBS(100 mg/kg)and 50％ethanol,and continued to be adminis-tered for 5 d after modeling.After modeling,the disease activity index(DAI)was evaluated.After the experiment,the levels of nitric oxide(NO)and myeloperoxidase(MPO)in serum and colonic tissues of rats were determined.RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to determine tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2),inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)in the colon of rats.The expression of tight junction proteins zonu-la occludens-1(ZO-1)and claudin 2 in rat colon tissues was determined by immunofluorescence staining.RESULTS:Compared with normal group,the weight of rats in model group was decreased,the colon was shortened,DAI and colon tissue macroscopic scores were significantly increased(P<0.05),colon pathological injury was serious,and NO and MPO levels in serum and colon tissues of the rats in model group were significantly increased(P<0.05).The mRNA and pro-tein expression levels of TNF-α,COX-2,iNOS and NF-κB in colon tissues were significantly increased(P<0.01),while the expression levels of ZO-1 and claudin 2 were significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with model group,the body weight and colon shortening of rats in SGD groups were alleviated,DAI and macroscopic scores of colon tissues were significantly decreased(P<0.05),the pathological damage of colon was improved,and the levels of NO and MPO in se-rum and colon tissues of rats were significantly decreased(P<0.05).The mRNA and protein expression levels of TNF-α,COX-2,iNOS and NF-κB in colon tissues were significantly decreased(P<0.05),while the expression levels of ZO-1 and claudin 2 were significantly increased(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Treatment with SGD effectively attenuates the inflam-matory response and intestinal mucosal barrier damage caused by TNBS-induced IBD in rats.

Objective:To investigate the expression of the novel immune checkpoint SIGLEC9 and SIGLEC9+T cells in cervical cancer and its clinical correlation.Methods:A total of 132 paraffin-embedded specimens of cervical tissue from patients with cervical cancer who under-went surgical treatment or pathological biopsy at The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from May 2022 to October 2023 were included for study.In addition,58 paraffin-embedded specimens of normal cervical tissue from patients with benign uterine leiomyomas who underwent total uterine excision during the same period were selected as normal controls.Furthermore,108 peripheral blood samples from patients with cervical cancer who underwent surgical treatment or pathological biopsy were collected for study,and 86 peripheral blood samples from healthy individuals during the same time period were selected as controls.Bioinformatics technology,im-munohistochemical(IHC)staining,flow cytometry,and double immunofluorescence(IF)staining were used to assess the expression of SIGLEC9 and SIGLEC9+T cells in cervical cancer,followed by correlation analysis with clinical indicators.Results:The bioinformatics,IHC,and double IF staining results showed that SIGLEC9 and SIGLEC9+T cells were highly expressed in cervical cancer tissues(P<0.05).The flow cyto-metry results showed that SIGLEC9+CD4+T and SIGLEC9+CD8+T cells were increased in the peripheral blood of patients with cervical cancer(P<0.05).SIGLEC9 expression correlated with tumor size,FIGO stage,lymph node metastasis,and human papillomavirus(HPV)infection(P<0.05).Conclusions:The novel immune checkpoint SIGLEC9 was highly expressed in cervical cancer tissues,and SIGLEC9+T cells infiltrated cervical cancer tissues.In vitro cell experiments showed that SIGLEC9 affects T cell function.In summary,SIGLEC9 provides a novel research direction for understanding the immune escape mechanism of cervical cancer and a novel therapeutic target for cervical cancer immuno-therapy.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading cause of dementia in the elderly. Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1 (MKP-1) plays a neuroprotective role in AD. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of MKP-1 on AD have not been extensively studied. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, thereby repressing mRNA translation. Here, we reported that the microRNA-429-3p (miR-429-3p) was significantly increased in the brain of APP23/PS45 AD model mice and N2A^APP AD model cells. We further found that miR-429-3p could downregulate MKP-1 expression by directly binding to its 3'-untranslated region (3' UTR). Inhibition of miR-429-3p by its antagomir (A-miR-429) restored the expression of MKP-1 to a control level and consequently reduced the amyloidogenic processing of APP and Aβ accumulation. More importantly, intranasal administration of A-miR-429 successfully ameliorated the deficits of hippocampal CA1 long-term potentiation and spatial learning and memory in AD model mice by suppressing extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2)-mediated GluA1 hyperphosphorylation at Ser831 site, thereby increasing the surface expression of GluA1-containing α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs). Together, these results demonstrate that inhibiting miR-429-3p to upregulate MKP-1 effectively improves cognitive and synaptic functions in AD model mice, suggesting that miR-429/MKP-1 pathway may be a novel therapeutic target for AD treatment.

Objective:To investigate the clinical value of left ventricular shape index (SI) and eccentricity index (EI) in evaluating left ventricular remodeling.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 324 patients (264 males, 60 females, age (62.5±11.8) years) diagnosed with myocardial infarction (MI) and 113 healthy controls (HC; 47 males, 66 females, age (57.8±10.7) years) who received gated myocardial perfusion imaging (GMPI) in First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2016 to September 2020. SI (end-diastolic SI (EDSI), end-systolic SI (ESSI)), EI and left ventricular function parameters (end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), summed motion score (SMS), summed thickening score (STS), peak ejection rate (PER) and peak filling rate (PFR)) were obtained by quantitative gated SPECT (QGS) software. Propensity score (PS) inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to balance the intergroup covariates. The differences and correlations of EDSI, ESSI, EI and left ventricular function parameters between patients in MI group and HC group were analyzed. ROC curve analysis was used to evaluate the values of EDV, EDSI, ESSI and EI alone and in combination in the assessment of left ventricular systolic function impairment. Data were analyzed by independent-sample t test, Pearson correlation and Spearman rank correlation analyses, and Delong test. Results:After IPTW, EDSI and ESSI in MI group ( n=319) were higher than those in HC group ( n=133; EDSI: 0.66±0.09 vs 0.60±0.06; ESSI: 0.59±0.11 vs 0.47±0.07; t values: 8.05, 14.67, both P<0.001), and EI was lower than that in HC group (0.81±0.06 vs 0.85±0.03; t=-8.93, P<0.001). In both groups, there were significant correlations between EDSI and ESSI ( r values: 0.928, 0.873), between EDSI, ESSI and EI ( r values: from -0.831 to -0.641), between EDSI, ESSI and LVEF ( r values: from -0.627 to -0.201), between ESSI and EDV, ESV and SMS ( rs values: 0.336-0.584), between ESSI and -PER, PFR ( rs values: from -0.406 to -0.402, r values: from -0.352 to -0.325) (all P<0.01). ROC curve analysis showed that EDV (AUC: 0.895) and ESSI (AUC: 0.839) had the highest efficacy in evaluating left ventricular systolic function impairment in MI group and HC group, respectively. EDV-EDSI-ESSI-(1-EI) had higher efficacy in the assessment of impaired left ventricular systolic function in MI group (AUC: 0.956), which was higher than that of EDV or EDV-EDSI or EDV-ESSI or EDV-(1-EI) ( z values: from -2.64 to -2.18, P values: 0.008-0.029); EDV-EDSI-ESSI-(1-EI) also had high efficacy in HC group (AUC: 0.911), which was higher than that of EDV or EDV-EDSI or EDV-(1-EI) ( z values: from -2.60 to -2.43, P values: 0.009-0.015). Conclusions:In MI patients, the increase of SI and the decrease of EI indicate the increase of left ventricular sphericity and the aggravation of left ventricular remodeling. SI and EI have certain clinical application values in evaluating left ventricular morphology, predicting left ventricular remodeling and left ventricular systolic function impairment.

Objective:To construct 68Ga-1, 4, 7-trizacyclononane-1, 4, 7-triacetic acid (NOTA)-CD44 as a novel atherosclerosis tracer targeting hyaluronic acid (HA), and evaluate its biological property and molecular imaging features. Methods:Low molecular weight (LMW) recombinant human CD44 protein was selected, and the C-terminal of the protein was modified by sulfonation and coupled to the bifunctional ligand NOTA to synthesize a novel molecular probe 68Ga-NOTA-CD44 targeting HA. The biological properties of the probe, such as labeling rate and in vitro stability, were studied. Three atherosclerotic plaque model mice and three normal C57BL/6 mice were studied by 68Ga-NOTA-CD44 microPET/CT imaging and pathological examination. Results:68Ga-NOTA-CD44 tracer was synthesized and purified with the radiochemical purity above 99%, and the specific activity was up to 62.22 MBq/nmol. lts stability was good in PBS, and the radiochemical purity was over 90% after incubation for 3 h. After intravenous injection, the probe was metabolized mainly by the kidneys, and its metabolic level decreased successively in the liver, lungs and blood. MicroPET/CT imaging results of atherosclerotic model mice suggested that the uptake in the plaque of abdominal aorta was higher at 60 min after injection, with SUV max and target/background ratio (TBR) max of 1.14±0.02 and 4.95±0.93, and the probe had certain atherosclerotic plaque eroded targeting, which was consistent with the pathological result. Conclusions:As a novel probe, 68Ga-NOTA-CD44 is simple to prepare and has a high labeling rate. It has good physicochemical properties and in vivo biological properties, and can display atherosclerotic eroded plaques sensitively. 68Ga-NOTA-CD44 has a promising prospect to be a new molecular probe for early noninvasive recognition of atherosclerotic eroded plaques.

Objective To investigate the levels of soluble tyrosine kinase-1(sFlt-1)and chemokine C-C ligand 3(CCL3)in serum of patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)and their correlation with the severity of the disease.Methods A total of 230 elderly CHD patients admitted to the De-partment of Cardiovascular Medicine of Xinxiang Central Hospital from November 2020 to No-vember 2022 were collected as the study subjects(CHD group),and according to their Gensini score,they were divided into mild(n=89),moderate(n=95),and severe(n=46)CHD sub-groups.Another 230 healthy individuals who taking physical examination during the same period served as the control group.ELISA was applied to measure serum levels of sFlt-1 and CCL3.ROC curve was plotted to analyze the diagnostic values of serum sFlt-1 and CCL3 levels for CHD.Pear-son correlation analysis was employed to analyze the relationship between serum sFlt-1 and CCL3 levels and the CHD severity.Results The serum levels of sFlt-1 and CCL3 were obviously higher in the CHD group than the control group(121.71±29.80 ng/L vs 98.70±17.57 ng/L,18.22± 5.41 ng/L vs 13.68±3.89 ng/L,P＜0.01).ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC value of the two indicators combined together was significantly greater than that of them alone in diagnosis of CHD(0.886 vs 0.791,0.775,P＜0.01).The serum levels of sFlt-1 and CCL3 were increased along with the severity of the disease and Gensini score when the levels and the score were compared among the mild,moderate and severe subgroups(P＜0.05).Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the serum levels of sFlt-1 and CCL3 were positively correlated with the Gensini score(r=0.420,r=0.479,P＜0.01).Conclusion The levels of serum sFlt-1 and CCL3 are obviously ele-vated in CHD patients,and closely associated with the severity of coronary lesions.