Objective:To explore the interrelationship between brain functional networks and features in functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)of patients with Alzheimer's disease(AD),and to construct mixed-function networks(MFN),and apply them in machine learning classification models to improve the accuracy of AD classification.Methods:102 AD patients and 227 healthy subjects in the Alzheimer's Neuroimaging Initiative(ADNI)dataset were retrospectively analyzed.The partial correlation brain network of the blood oxygen level dependent(BOLD)signal was calculated and fused with low-frequency wave amplitude(ALFF),fractional low-frequency wave amplitude(fALFF)and local consistency(ReHo)features to construct MFN.Network topology parameters were extracted,and a variety of machine learning classification models were constructed based on MFN topological parameters,accuracy,precision,recall and area under the curve(AUC)were used to evaluate the predictive efficiency of the models.Results:By constructed MFN and calculated intra group to inter group ratio(IIGR),35 features could be obtained from ALFF,fALFF and ReHo feature topological parameter analysis,after rank sum test and FDR correction,there were statistical differences among 28 features(P＜0.05).The classification results show that,all the five classifiers have high classification performance on the test data set.The accuracy,precision and recall rates of random forest(RF),adaptive lifting algorithm(AdaBoost),guided aggregation algorithm(Bagging)and support vector machine(SVM)were all 99.7％,and the AUC values were up to 100％,99.5％,99.1％and 99.5％,respectively.The accuracy(98.5％),precision(98.5％),recall(98.5％),and AUC(99.1％)of the multi-layer perceptron(MLP)were slightly lower than other models,but remained excellent.It was worth noting that RF has the highest AUC value of all models at 100.0％,while Bagging has the lowest AUC value(99.1％)in the integrated approach.The results of performance comparison show that,MFN classification model can significantly improve the recognition and classification of AD disease,and greatly improve the performance of various indicators of the classifier.The results showed that,MFN classification model was superior to intelligent classification based fusion,DBN-based multitask learning,PVT-TSVM,unsupervised learning and clustering,SVM and SVM of degree 3 polynomial kernel function in key indicators such as accuracy(99.13％),AUC(99.42％),recall rate(99.46％)and specificity(99.42％)with plasma proteins,machine learning algorithms.It was further proved that MFN classification model has good generalization ability and robustness in AD disease classification.Conclusion:The AD classification model constructed based on brain mixed function network topology parameters and machine learning can improve the accuracy of AD classification.

Aim To investigate the effect of total gly-cosides of peony on Th17/Treg balance in autoimmune thyroiditis(AIT)by regulating miR-155 expression.Methods Sixty female SD rats were randomly divided into a blank control group,a model group,high-dose,medium,and low-dose groups of total glycosides of peony,and a Western medicine control group(seleni-um yeast group).After eight weeks of modeling,the pathological changes in thyroid tissue were observed by HE staining,the expression of miR-155 in the thyroid of rats was detected by RT-PCR,the targeting effect of miR-155 on SOCS1 was verified by dual luciferase method,and the levels of TGAb,TPOAb,IL-10,and IL-17 in peripheral serum were detected by ELISA,the expression of thyroid SOCS1 was detected by WB,and the proportion of Th17 and Treg in CD4+cells of the spleen was detected by flow cytometry.Results Com-pared with the blank group,the expression of miR-155 in the thyroid gland of the model group rats significant-ly increased,and the serum levels of TGAb,TPOAb,and IL-17 significantly increased,with an increase in the proportion of Th17;the IL-10 level significantly decreased,the proportion of Treg decreased,and the expression of SOCS1 protein decreased,with statistical significance(P＜0.01);compared with the model group,the high,medium,and low dose groups of total glycosides of peony and selenium yeast groups showed a decrease in miR-155 expression,a decrease in TGAb,TPOAb,IL-17 levels,a decrease in Th17 pro-portion,an increase in IL-10 level,an increase in Treg proportion,and an increase in SOCS1 expression,all with statistical significance(P＜0.01).Moreover,the improvement in the medium dose group of total glyco-sides of peony was more significant.Conclusion To-tal glycosides of peony downregulate miR-155 expres-sion,regulate Th17/Treg balance,alleviate inflamma-tory response,and exert immune regulatory effects.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of scoliosis and congenital heart disease(CHD)and their correlation among children and adolescents of Drung nationality in Yunnan Province.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in November 2022 among all Drung school-aged children and adolescents aged 5-18 years in Gongshan Drung and Nu Autonomous County,Yunnan Province.Visual inspection,Adams for-ward flexion test,and trunk rotation angle(ATR)measurement were comprehensively used for school prelim-inary screening of scoliosis.Individuals who tested positive in the school preliminary screening underwent fur-ther X-ray examination for auxiliary diagnosis.Cardiac auscultation and echocardiography were used for school preliminary screening of CHD.The personal information of the screening subjects,the screening results,etc.were recorded.The prevalence of scoliosis and CHD among children and adolescents of the Drung nationality and the relationship between the two diseases were statistically analyzed,and the positive predictive value of school-based scoliosis screening and its influencing factors were also analyzed.Results A total of 1 036 chil-dren and adolescents of Drung nationality were enrolled,with a mean age of(10.72±3.75)years,icluding 542 males and 494 females.A total of 45 subjects tested positive for scoliosis in the school preliminary screening,with a preliminary positive rate of 4.34%.A total of 22 cases were finally diagnosed with scoliosis,with a prevalence rate of 2.12%.Among them,21 cases were idiopathic scoliosis(accounting for 95.45%),and 1 case was congenital scoliosis(accounting for 4.55%).The prevalence rate was higher in females(2.83%)than that in males(1.48%),higher in the 10 to 18-year-old group(2.30%)than that in the 5 to<10-year-old group(1.87%),and higher in the secondary school group(2.78%)than that in the primary school group(1.78%),hut there were no statistically significant differences(P>0.05).Most idiopathic scoliosis cases were mild(Cobb angle 10° to<20°,90.48%)and classified as Lenke type Ⅴ(57.14%).Two cases of CHD were confirmed,both of which were atrial septal defects,with a prevalence rate of 0.19%.The co-occurrence rate of idiopathic scoliosis and CHD was 4.76%(1/21).The positive predictive value of school-based scoliosis pre-liminary screening was only 48.89%.When the BMI was<18.5 kg/m2,the positive predictive value was sig-nificantly higher than that for BMI≥18.5 kg/m2(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence rate of scoliosis a-mong adolescents of the Drung ethnic group in Yunnan Province is 2.12%,predominantly idiopathic scoliosis,with Lenke type V being the most common classification.The prevalence rate of congenital heart disease is 0.19%.BMI is a significant influencing factor for the positive predictive value of school-based scoliosis prelimi-nary screening.

Foodborne illnesses caused by Salmonella pose significant threats to worldwide public health safety.In this study,a rapid method for screening viable Salmonella in oyster sauce and milk was developed by utilizing an electronic microbial growth analyzer(EMGA).Target food samples were diluted 10-fold with RVS broth and loaded into test tubes.Test tubes were positioned in the EMGA to determine the bacterial growth curves and the time required to reach the maximum growth rate(Tmgr).Using Salmonella typhimurium(S.typhimurium)asan model species,there was linear relationship between the logarithmic value of viable bacterial concentration(lgC)and Tmgr over the range of 5×101-5×106 CFU/mL,with a detection limit of 10 CFU/mL.For oyster sauce,the regression equation was Tmgr(min)=-80.775lg[C/(CFU/mL)]+754.96(R2=0.9907),and the recovery rates of S.typhimurium ranged from 95.2%to 119.8%,with relative standard deviations(RSD)ranging from 3.5%to 16.3%.For milk,the regression equation was Tmgr(min)=-71.922 lg[C/(CFU/mL)]+618.65(R2=0.9985),with recovery rates ranging from 98.4%to 110.6%and RSD ranging from 6.4%to 12.8%.The EMGA method required only one portable instrument,and involving only three manual steps,i.e.,dilution,transfer,and insertion.When S.typhimurium contamination reached 106 CFU/mL,the total time consumption,from the unwrapping of samples to the readout of bacterial concentration,was no more than 7 h.When applied to detection of actual oyster sauce and milk samples,the new method demonstrated strong consistency with plate counting results in positive detection rates.This method was superior to the plate counting method,which was generally considered as a gold standard,in terms of accuracy,precision,simplicity and efficiency,representing a promising alternative for the on-site screening and quantification of viable Salmonella in oyster sauce and milk products.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors and their predictive efficacy for early postoperative complications in elderly patients with hip fracture.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on the clinical data of 203 elderly patients with hip fracture admitted to the 908th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the PLA and the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from January 2022 to December 2023, including 54 males and 149 females, aged 65-100 years [(80.5±7.7)years]. There were 96 patients with femoral neck fracture and 107 patients with intertrochanteric fracture. According to the AO/OTA classification, the fracture was classified as type 31A in 107 patients and type 31B in 96. Among them, 81 patients were treated with proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA), 65 with semi-hip arthroplasty, 52 with total hip arthroplasty (THA), and 5 with closed reduction and cannulated nail internal fixation. The patients were divided into complication group ( n=65) and non-complication group ( n=138) according to whether complications (mainly including delirium, lung infection, stress ulcer, and deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs) occurred within 15 days after surgery. The gender, age, age stage, educational level, cause of injury, associated underlying diseases before surgery, AO/OTA classification, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, 5-factor modified frailty index (mFI-5) score, prognostic nutritional index (PNI), anesthesia method, operation method, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, length of hospital stay, etc., were recorded in the two groups. Univariate analysis and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the correlation between the above indexes and the occurrence of early postoperative complications in elderly patients with hip fracture and to determine their independent risk factors. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the predictive efficacy of each risk factor for the occurrence of early postoperative complications in elderly patients with hip fracture. Results:Univariate analysis showed a certain correlation between age, age stage, associated underlying diseases before surgery, AO/OTA classification, ASA classification, mFI-5 score, PNI, operation method, and length of hospital stay and the occurrence of early postoperative complications in elderly patients with hip fracture ( P<0.05), while gender, educational level, cause of injury, anesthesia method, operation time, and intraoperative blood loss were not correlated with the occurrence of early postoperative complications in elderly patients with hip fracture ( P>0.05). The results of multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that the associated underlying diseases before surgery ( OR=5.46, 95% CI 1.33, 22.39, P<0.05), mFI-5 score ( OR=15.90, 95% CI 5.36, 47.15, P<0.01), and PNI ( OR=0.70, 95% CI 0.60, 0.81, P<0.01) were significantly correlated with the occurrence of early postoperative complications in elderly patients with hip fracture. The results of ROC curve analysis showed that mFI-5 score (AUC=0.85, 95% CI 0.80, 0.91) and PNI (AUC=0.87, 95% CI 0.82, 0.93) had moderate predictive efficacy, while the early warning efficacy of associated underlying diseases was low (AUC=0.54, 95% CI 0.45, 0.62). The combination of the above risk factors was more effective in predicting early postoperative complications in elderly patients with hip fracture (AUC=0.95, 95% CI 0.92, 0.98). Conclusions:The mFI-5 score, PNI, and associated underlying diseases before surgery are independent risk factors for early postoperative complications in elderly patients with hip fracture. The mFI-5 score and PNI have a higher predictive efficacy than associated diseases before surgery on the occurrence of early postoperative complications in elderly patients with hip fracture, while the combination of the above risk factors provides a significantly better predictive performance.

With the rapid development of competitive sports, the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is on the rise. Such injuries may shorten athletes′ career and lead to other long-term adverse consequences. Although athletes generally recover well after ACL reconstruction, many still struggle to return to their pre-injury performance levels. Advances in the understanding of ACL anatomy and injury mechanisms, along with the evolution of surgical techniques and rehabilitation methods, have provided more individualized and tailored options for athletes following ACL injuries. However, there is currently no consensus in China regarding surgical and rehabilitation strategies for competitive athletes aiming to return to sports after ACL injuries. To this end, the Sports Medicine Committee of the Chinese Research Hospital Association and the Editorial Board of the Chinese Journal of Trauma jointly formulated the Expert consensus on surgical treatment and rehabilitation for competitive sports athletes returning to sports after anterior cruciate ligament injury ( version 2025), and presented 14 recommendations covering surgical indications, preoperative rehabilitation, surgical timing, surgical strategies and postoperative rehabilitation strategies, aiming to improve the surgical treatment and rehabilitation system for ACL injuries in competitive athletes and facilitate their return to high-level sports performance after injury.

Objective:To establish a fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR assay based on N_sgRNA of SARS-CoV-2 and preliminarily apply it on real samples.Methods:Recombinant plasmid, specific primers and probes of N_sgRNA were designed and synthesized based on Wuhan-Hu-1/2019_MN908947 and synthesis mechanism of subgenomic RNA (sgRNA). Using recombinant plasmid as amplification templates, the optimal reaction conditions and reaction system were screened according to the Ct value, fluorescence intensity, and shape of amplification curve and was evaluated for sensitivity, reproducibility, and specificity. Meanwhile, the possibility of practical application of the method was explored by testing 172 clinical samples and 256 municipal wastewater samples. Results:A qRT-PCR assay for N_sgRNA in SARS-CoV-2 was initially established. The detection limit of the assay was 20 copies/mL, and the variation coefficients of in-batch (0.002%~0.767%) and batch to batch repetition (0.016%~0.752%) were less than 1%. Only N_sgRNA recombinant plasmid was detected in the specificity assay. So the method is more highly sensitive, specific and reproducible. The RatiosgRNA/ gRNA of clinical samples HK.3, EG.5.1, JN.1 and their sub-lineages and their corresponding urban sewage samples in epidemic period were significantly different ( P<0.05). There is a strong correlation between the median of RatiosgRNA/ gRNA in clinical samples and sewage samples in the same period (correlation coefficient r=1.000, P=0.010). Conclusions:In this study, a qRT-PCR method for detecting N_sgRNA of SARS-CoV-2 was established and the method has the characteristics of higher sensitivity, stronger specificity and better repeatability, and it can be used to detect SARS-CoV-2 infectivity.

BACKGROUND:The pathogenesis of osteoporosis is closely related to the immune system.A comprehensive and in-depth study of the relationship between immunity and osteoporosis is crucial for understanding and treating the disease.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the role of immune cells in osteoporosis using single-cell sequencing technology.METHODS:Femoral head tissue samples from osteoporosis and non-osteoporosis patients were downloaded from GEO database and analyzed using single-cell sequencing.Data analysis,including cell clustering,functional enrichment,pseudotime trajectory,and cell interaction analyses,was performed using R4.3.0 and software packages such as Seurat v.4.3,monocle(2.28.0),and CellChat.The femoral head tissues of patients with femoral neck fracture who underwent artificial hip replacement surgery were obtained,including two cases of osteoporosis patients and two cases of non-osteoporosis patients.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the protein expression of CCL13 and CCL18.qPCR was used to detect the immunoglobulin heavy constant γ-4,immunoglobulin λ constant 3,human class Ⅱ major histocompatibility complex DRβ1,and CD83 mRNA expression.Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of receptor-type tyrosine protein phosphatase C,CD22,and CD99.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Transcriptomic analysis identified 10 cell clusters,including osteoclasts,myeloid cells,T cells,osteoblasts,macrophages,monocytes,erythrocytes,B cells,bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,and mast cells.There was an increase in the ratio of osteoclasts to T cells and a decrease in the ratio of osteoblasts to B cells in the femoral head tissue of the osteoporosis group.Among the B-cell subpopulations,the proportion of B-cells of taxa 1,3(BC1,BC3)in the femoral head tissue of the osteoporosis group was higher than that of the non-osteoporosis group,and the proportion of B-cells of taxa 2(BC2)was less than that of the non-osteoporosis group.BC1 was enriched significantly for labels such as regulation of adaptive immune response,somatic recombination of immune receptors,and modulation of lymphocyte-mediated immunity,while BC3 was enriched significantly for labels such as regulation of immunoglobulin production,response to type Ⅱ interferon,apoptotic processes involving cysteine endopeptidases,and cytotoxicity.The communication intensity between B-cell subtype BC1 and osteoblasts in the femoral head tissue of the osteoporosis group was higher than that of the non-osteoporosis group,while the communication intensity between BC3 and BC1 was also increased.The communication between BC3 and BC1 was significantly enriched in the CD22-receptor-type tyrosine protein phosphatase C pathway;the communication between BC1 and osteoblasts was mainly enriched in the CD99-CD99 pathway;and the communication between BC3 and osteoblasts was also highly enriched in the CD99-CD99 pathway.Protein expression of CCL13,CCL18,receptor-type tyrosine protein phosphatase C,CD22,CD99,immunoglobulin heavy constant γ-4,immunoglobulin λ constant 3,human class Ⅱ major histocompatibility complex DRβ1,and CD83 mRNA were higher in femoral tissues of the osteoporosis group than those of the non-osteoporosis group(P＜0.05).To conclude,specific B cell subpopulations can influence the differentiation and apoptosis of osteoblasts in the femoral tissue of osteoporosis patients.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effectiveness of Chinese medicine (CM) Lianhua Qingwen Granule (LHQW) and Jingyin Gubiao Prescription (JYGB) in asymptomatic or mild patients with Omicron infection in the shelter hospital. METHODS: This single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted in the largest shelter hospital in Shanghai, China, from April 10, 2022 to May 30, 2022. A total of 56,244 asymptomatic and mild Omicron cases were included and divided into 4 groups, i.e., non-administration group (23,702 cases), LHQW group (11,576 cases), JYGB group (12,112 cases), and dual combination of LHQW and JYGB group (8,854 cases). The length of stay (LOS) in the hospital was used to assess the effectiveness of LHQW and JYGB treatment on Omicron infection. RESULTS: Patients aged 41-60 years, with nadir threshold cycle (C_T) value of N gene <25, or those fully vaccinated preferred to receive CM therapy. Before or after propensity score matching (PSM), the multiple linear regression showed that LHQW and JYGB treatment were independent influence factors of LOS (both P<0.001). After PSM, there were significant differences in LOS between the LHQW/JYGB combination and the other groups (P<0.01). The results of factorial design ANOVA proved that the LHQW/JYGB combination therapy synergistically shortened LOS (P=0.032). CONCLUSIONS Patients with a nadir C_T value <25 were more likely to accept CM. The LHQW/JYGB combination therapy could shorten the LOS of Omicron-infected individuals in an isolated environment.
Humans ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; China/epidemiology* ; Hospitalization ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment ; COVID-19/epidemiology* ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Length of Stay ; Young Adult ; Aged

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of zedoarondiol on neovascularization of atherosclerotic (AS) plaque by exosomes experiment. METHODS: ApoE^-/- mice were fed with high-fat diet to establish AS model and treated with high- and low-dose (10, 5 mg/kg daily) of zedoarondiol, respectively. After 14 weeks, the expressions of anti-angiogenic protein thrombospondin 1 (THBS-1) and its receptor CD36 in plaques, as well as platelet activation rate and exosome-derived miR-let-7a were detected. Then, zedoarondiol was used to intervene in platelets in vitro, and miR-let-7a was detected in platelet-derived exosomes (Pexo). Finally, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were transfected with miR-let-7a mimics and treated with Pexo to observe the effect of miR-let-7a in Pexo on tube formation. RESULTS: Animal experiments showed that after treating with zedoarondiol, the neovascularization density in plaques of AS mice was significantly reduced, THBS-1 and CD36 increased, the platelet activation rate was markedly reduced, and the miR-let-7a level in Pexo was reduced (P<0.01). In vitro experiments, the platelet activation rate and miR-let-7a levels in Pexo were significantly reduced after zedoarondiol's intervention. Cell experiments showed that after Pexo's intervention, the tube length increased, and the transfection of miR-let-7a minics further increased the tube length of cells, while reducing the expressions of THBS-1 and CD36. CONCLUSION Zedoarondiol has the effect of inhibiting neovascularization within plaque in AS mice, and its mechanism may be potentially related to inhibiting platelet activation and reducing the Pexo-derived miRNA-let-7a level.
Animals ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Exosomes/drug effects* ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic/genetics* ; Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics* ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism* ; Humans ; Blood Platelets/drug effects* ; Apolipoproteins E/deficiency* ; Thrombospondin 1/metabolism* ; CD36 Antigens/metabolism* ; Platelet Activation/drug effects* ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL