ObjectiveThe proteome of biological evidence contains rich genetic information, namely single amino acid polymorphisms (SAPs) in protein sequences. However, due to the lack of efficient and convenient analysis tools, the application of SAP in public security still faces many challenges. This paper aims to meet the application requirements of SAP analysis for forensic biological evidence’s proteome data. MethodsThe software is divided into three modules. First, based on a built-in database of common non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) and SAPs in East Asian populations, the software integrates and annotates newly identified exonic nsSNPs as SAPs, thereby constructing a customized SAP protein sequence database. It then utilizes a pre-installed search engine—either pFind or MaxQuant—to perform analysis and output SAP typing results, identifying both reference and variant types, along with their corresponding imputed nsSNPs. Finally, SAPTyper compares the proteome-based typing results with the individual’s exome-derived nsSNP profile and outputs the comparison report. ResultsSAPTyper accepts proteomic DDA mass spectrometry raw data (DDA acquisition mode) and exome sequencing results of nsSNPs as input and outputs the report of SAPs result. The pFind and Maxquant search engines were used to test the proteome data of 2 hair shafts of2 individuals, and both obtained SAP results. It was found that the results of the Maxquant search engine were slightly less than those of pFind. This result shows that SAPTyper can achieve SAP fingding function. Moreover, the pFind search engine was used to test the proteome data of 3 hair shafts from 1 European person and 1 African person in the literature. Among the sites fully matched by the literature method, sites detected by SAPTyper are also included; for semi-matching sites, that is, nsSNPs are heterozygous, both literature method and SAPTyper method had the risk of missing detection for one type of the allele. Comparing the analysis results of SAPTyper with the SAP test results reported in the literature, it was found that some imputed nsSNP sites identified by the literature method but not detected by SAPTyper had a MAF of less than 0.1% in East Asian populations, and therefore they were not included in the common nsSNP database of East Asian populations constructed by this software. Since the database construction of this software is based on the genetic variation information of East Asian populations, it is currently unable to effectively identify representative unique common variation sites in European or African populations, but it can still identify SAP sites shared by these populations and East Asian populations. ConclusionAn automated SAP analysis algorithm was developed for East Asian populations, and the software named SAPTyper was developed. This software provides a convenient and efficient analysis tool for the research and application of forensic proteomic SAP and has important application prospects in individual identification and phenotypic inference based on SAP.

Aim To explore the improvement effect of Bazi Bushen capsule on thymic degeneration in SAMP6 mice and the possible mechanism.Methods Twenty 12 week old male SAMP6 mice were randomly divided into the model group(SAMP6)and the Bazi Busheng capsule treatment group(SAMP6+BZBS).Ten SAMR1 mice were assigned to a homologous control group(SAMR1).The SAMP6+BZBS group was oral-ly administered Bazi Bushen capsule suspension(2.8 g·kg-1)daily,while the other two groups were orally administered an equal amount of distilled water.After nine weeks of administration,the morphology of the thymus in each group was observed and the thymus in-dex was calculated;HE staining was used to observe the structural changes of thymus tissue;SA-β-gal stai-ning was used to detect thymic aging;flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of thymic CD3+T cells in each group;Western blot was used to detect the levels of p16,Bax,Bcl-2,and cleaved caspase-3 proteins in thymus;immunofluorescence was applied to detect the proportion of cortical thymic epithelial cells in each group;ELISA was employed to detect IL-7 lev-els in thymus.Results Compared with the SAMP6 group,the thymic index of the SAMP6+BZBS group significantly increased(P＜0.05);the disordered thy-mic structure was significantly improved;the positive proportion of SA-β-gal staining significantly decreased(P＜0.01);the proportion of CD3+T cells apparently increased(P＜0.05);the level of p16 protein signifi-cantly decreased(P＜0.05);the level of Bcl-2 pro-tein significantly increased(P＜0.05),while the lev-el of cleaved caspase-3 protein markedly decreased(P＜0.05);the proportion of cortical thymic epithelial cells evidently increased;the level of IL-7 significantly increased(P＜0.01).Conclusions Bazi Bushen capsule can delay thymic degeneration,inhibit cell ap-optosis in thymus and promote thymic cell development in SAMP6 mice,which may be related to increasing the proportion of cortical thymic epithelial cells and promoting IL-7 secretion.

Objective To investigate the mid-term effect and complications of arthroscopic popliteal tendon suture in the treatment of lateral meniscus injury.Methods From January 2016 to December 2020,the data of 57 patients with lateral meniscus popliteal tendon injury treated by arthroscopic popliteal tendon suture fixation were retrospectively analyzed,includ-ing 35 males and 22 females,aged from 18 to 47 years old with an average of(32.9±7.9)years old.Knee function was evaluat-ed using the International Knee Documentation Committee(IKDC)and Lysholm scores both before the operation and at the fi-nal follow-up.Meniscus healing was evaluated according to the postoperative Barrett standard.Wound healing complications,such as vascular injury,nerve injury,and lower extremity venous thrombosis,were recorded.Results All 57 patients were fol-lowed up for 12 to 58 months with an average of(38.1±14.9)months.The incisions of the patients after the operation were all Grade A healing without infection,popliteal tendon injury,blood vessel injury,nerve injury and lower extremity venous throm-bosis.The IKDC score increased from(49.7±3.6)points preoperatively to(88.5±4.4)points in the final follow-up(P＜0.05).The Lysholm score increased from(48.8±4.9)points preoperatively to(91.9±3.9)points at the final follow-up(P＜0.05).At 3,6 months and 1 year after operation,according to Barrett's criteria,54 cases were clinically healed,the healing rate was 94.7％(54/57).Conclusion This study preliminarily confirmed that arthroscopic suture technique can result in clinical sta-bility through suture and fixation of the meniscus in the injured lateral popliteal tendon area.No adverse effects on knee joint function were found in the mid-term follow-up after the operation.

Objective To study the effect of intervertebral grafting area on the effect of single segment lumbar posterior de-compression and intervertebral bone grafting fusion.Methods The clinical data of 52 patients who underwent single-segment lumbar posterior decompression pedicle internal fixation and bone grafting fusion from January 2020 to December 2022 were retrospective reviewed.The area of the intervertebral bone graft was measured one week postoperatively using Computed To-mography(CT),and based on the ratio of the bone graft area to the average area of the endplates,the patients were divided into three groups:17 cases in group A(the intervertebral bone graft area did not exceed the area of one pedicle)included 9 males and 8 females with an average age of(56.0±1 1.5)years old;15 cases in group B(the intervertebral bone graft area exceeded one pedicle but did not reach the opposite pedicle)included 10 males and 5 females with an average of(52.0±14.0)years old;20 cases in group C(the intervertebral bone graft area exceeded the opposite pedicle)included 12 males and 8 females with an average of(49.5±12.8)years old.X-rays and CT scans were performed at 3,6,12 months,and the final follow-up postopera-tively,the interbody fusion Brantigan scores,pain visual analogue scale(VAS),and Oswestry Disability Index(ODI)at each follow-up were recorded.Results The gender,age,and surgical segments showed no significant differences among three groups(P＞0.05).There was also no significant difference in the preoperative VAS and ODI among three groups(P＞0.05).All patients of three groups were followed up from 12 to 36 months.Compared with preoperative,VAS and ODI scores of three groups showed significant improvement at 1 week postoperatively and the final follow-up(P＜0.05).Compared with preoperative mea-surements,the height of the intervertebral space was restored at 1 week postoperatively in three groups;at the final follow-up,the loss of height in the intervertebral space was less in groups B and C,and the height of the intervertebral space in group B and C was significantly higher than in group A(P＜0.05).The modified Brantigan scores at 3 and 6 months postoperatively were significantly higher in group C than in groups A and B(P＜0.05);at 12 months postoperatively,the scores in groups B and C were significantly higher than in group A(P＜0.05);however,at the final follow-up,there was no significant difference in the modified Brantigan scores among three groups(P＞0.05).The bone graft fusion rate in group C was significantly higher than in groups A and B at 3 months postoperatively(P＜0.05);at 6 and 12 months postoperatively,the fusion rates in groups B and C were significantly higher than in group A(P＜0.05);at the final follow-up,the fusion rate in group A was still lower than in groups B and C,but the difference among three groups was not significant(P＞0.05).Conclusion Single segment posterior lum-bar decompression and interbody fusion surgery can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of patients with lumbar degen-erative related diseases.However,as the proportion of bone grafting area increases,the early bone grafting fusion rate and fu-sion score of patients are significantly improved.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of a new type of self-made bone drill applied to percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy for L5/S1 intervertebral disc herniation.Methods The clinical data of 52 patients with L5/S1 intervertebral disc herniation admitted to our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.All patients underwent percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy,with a new type of self-made bone drill for foraminoplasty during the surgery.The surgical conditions and occurrence of complications were recorded.The pain of patients before surgery,3 days after surgery,3 months after surgery,6 months after surgery,and 1 year after surgery was assessed by visual analogue scale(VAS);and the neurological function improvement before and after surgery was evaluated by Oswestry disability index(ODI).Results All patients underwent successful surgery without serious complications or recurrence after surgery.The VAS and ODI scores of patients 3 days,3 months,6 months,and 1 year after surgery were significantly lower than those before surgery(P<0.05).Conclusion The self-made new bone drill can significantly improve the efficiency of foraminoplasty and ensure surgical safety,with satisfactory early clinical effect.

Objective To investigate the curative effect of suture anchor(SA)repair combined with open reduction and internal fixation(ORIF)on patients with ankle joint fracture(AF)combined with deltoid ligament injury(DLI).Methods A total of 138 patients with AF combined with DLI admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to September 2022 were selected and divided into the control group(69 cases)and the observation group(69 cases)according to the random number table method.Patients in the control group were treated with ORIF,while patients in the observation group were treated with SA repair on the basis of the control group.The clinical efficacy,American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS)score,visual analogue scale(VAS)score,talus inclination angle,medial malleolar space of affected side,bone metabolic indexes[serum bone gla protein(BGP),β-collagen degradation product(β-CTX)]levels and the incidence of complications before and 3 months after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with before treatment,the talus inclination angle,medial malleolar space of affected side,VAS score,β-CTX level 3 months after treatment of patients in the two groups were reduced,while the AOFAS score and BGP level were increased,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the AOFAS score and BGP level in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,while the talus inclination angle and medial malleolar space of affected side were smaller than those in the control group,and the VAS score and β-CTX level were lower than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The total incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion SA repair has a definite therapeutic effect on AF combined with DLI,which can improve patients' symptoms and promote the recovery of ankle joint function and bone metabolism.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the ultra-fast track anesthesia(UFTA)methods and perioperative anesthesia management experiences of transcatheter mitral valve edge-to-edge repair(TEER)in the treatment of functional mitral regurgitant.Methods In this retrospective study,patients underwent the TEER procedure and received UFTA in Fuwai Yunnan Hospital,from May 2022 to September 2022 for heart failure combined with moderate to severe or severe functional mitral regurgitant were included.Baseline,preoperative complications,cardial function and anesthesia classification,amino-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP),ultrasound examination results,surgery time,extubation time,intraoperative anesthetic and vasoactive drug,complications related to TEER and UFTA,perioperative,and postoperative 30-day and one-year follow-up data were collected.All perioperative clinical data were recorded and analyzed.Results A total of 30 patients were enrolled,11 patients(36.7％)were female,mean age was(63.6±6.1)years,NYHA classification IV 14 patients(46.7％),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)(36.0±8.1)％,the end-diastolic volume of the left ventricle(66.0±8.2)mm,mitral regurgitation 4+14 patients(56.7％),3+17 patients(43.3％),NT-proBNP(1 934.1±1 973.5)pg/ml,1 patient(3.3％)used high-dose vasoactive drugs during surgery.All patients did not experience nausea,vomiting,delirium,respiratory depression,perioperative transesophageal echocardiography-related gastrointestinal bleeding,pericardial effusion,cerebrovascular accidents,emergency surgery or secondary intervention,or other serious adverse events within 24 hours after surgery.No 30-day all-cause death occurred;the mean postoperative hospital stay was(7.4±2.8)days.All patients completed one-year follow-up,LVEF(37.6±11.1)％,the end-diastolic volume of the left ventricle(63.2±8.6)mm,mitral regurgitation 2+7 patients(23.3％),1+23 patients(76.7％),NT-proBNP(1 949.2±2 576.6)pg/ml.Conclusions Ultra-fast track anesthesia can be safely applied to TEER in treating functional mitral regurgitant patients.

This is the first reported case of a female with monkeypox infection in Kunming City,Yunnan Province.An epi-demiological investigation was conducted to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of monkeypox epidemics in China,especially for early detection in females in accordance with the"Monkeypox prevention and control program(2023 ver-sion)".Diagnosis was performed as described in the"Monkeypox Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines(2022 version)".Speci-mens were collected for laboratory testing.The epidemiological investigation determined that the female patient had sexual in-tercourse with her newly married husband once before disease onset and the husband hid his history of male homosexual sex.The laboratory test results of the woman and her husband were positive for the nucleic acid of the monkeypox virus.Both had typical clinical symptoms,including rash.The epidemiological investigation,clinical symptoms,laboratory test results,and previous epidemic data of monkeypox in Yunnan province confirmed the woman as the first female infected with monkeypox in Yunnan Province and her husband was the presumed source of infection.

Mytilus is one of bivalves with great economic and ecological values.The innate immune de-fense of Mytilus shows great significance in the study of marine biological immunology.Hemolymph is the main immune tissue for Mytilus.The Nanopore full-length transcriptome of Mytilus coruscus hemocytes,and the serum differential proteomics based on SDS-PAGE analysis were performed to identify key pro-teins involving in the immune response of Mytilus hemolymph in response of different bacteria and fungi stresses.A total of 44 proteins were identified in the serum induced by different microorganisms.Among them,26 proteins showed significant differential expression level in response to different microbial stres-ses,and their functions were involved in protein folding protection,cell autophagy and apoptosis regula-tion,reactive oxygen species production,energy metabolism regulation,cell detoxification,and immune regulation.The changes in expression levels of these proteins varied in response to different bacterial and fungal stresses,suggesting that Mytilus has different immune response strategies to different bacterial and fungal stresses.The results provide a new scientific basis for understanding the differential immune mech-anism of Mytilus innate immune system in response to different types of microbial invasion,as well as the screening of specific biomarker proteins for microbial infection,and provide ideas for the healthy develop-ment and disease prevention of shellfish aquaculture.

Objective:To investigate the application value of indocyanine green fluorescence laparoscopic lateral lymph node dissection(LLND)in the treatment of middle and low rectal can-cer.Methods:Clinical data of 76 patients with middle and low rectal cancer who underwent surgi-cal treatment from February 2018 to June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed,including 42 patients in the TME group who underwent laparoscopic total mesorectal resection and 34 patients in the TME+LLND group who underwent laparoscopic TME combined with indocyanine green fluores-cence LLND.Results:The operation time of TME+LLND group was longer than that of TME group(P＜0.001).Compared with TME group,the total number of lymph nodes dissected in TME+LLND group was higher(P＜0.05).In the TME+LLND group,7 cases(20.59％)reported lateral lymph node metastasis.After 3 years of follow-up,the local recurrence rate was 2.94％in TME+LLND group and 19.05％in TME group(P＜0.05).The distant metastasis rate was 14.71％in the TME+LLND group and 9.52％in the TME group(P＞0.05).Conclusion:Indocyanine green fluorescence laparoscopic LLND can reduce the local recurrence rate and does not increase postoperative com-plications,so it is safe,effective and feasible in the treatment of middle and low rectal cancer.