The working principle and development of flexible semiconductor devices based on organic field effect transistor(OFET)technology were introduced.The current research status of OFET-based wearable flexible monitoring devices were reviewed,including biomechanical monitoring devices,tattoo biomonitoring devices and cellular detection devices and etc.The deficiencies of OFET-based wearable flexible monitoring devices were analyzed,and it's pointed out that miniaturization,personalization and diversification were the directions for the development of the future OFET-based wearable flexible moni-toring devices.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(1):93-100]

Drug instructions,the statutory and technical documents recording effectiveness and safety information,are an important basis for guiding doctors,pharmacists,and patients to use drugs rationally,and their scientificity,standardization,and accuracy directly affect the medication safety of the public. The sections of adverse drug events,contraindications,precautions,warnings,and application for specific populations in drug instructions directly express safety information and measures for rational use of drugs. In the drug life cycle,marketing authorization holders( MAHs) need to update safety information in the instructions promptly to ensure the safety and effectiveness of clinical drug medication. At present,revising instructions is an important measure to control drug risks. In the drug life cycle,in order to standardize the revision of safety information in the instructions by MAHs and eliminate inexact terms such as " unclear",the Technical Specifications for Revision of Safety Information in Marketed Chinese Patent Medicine Instructions,a series of group standards,have been established under the guidance of Standardization Department,China Association of Chinese Medicine. Therefore,on the basis of the existing rules and regulations,the standardized technical procedures for revising instructions came into being to help clinical safe and rational medication of drugs,and implement the strategy of " Healthy China".
China ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/adverse effects* ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Nonprescription Drugs/adverse effects* ; Reference Standards

Technical Specifications for Revision of Safety Information in Marketed Chinese Patent Medicine Instructions,a series of group standards,were proposed by Professor ZHANG Bing from Research Center for Pharmacovigilance and Rational Use of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and underwent centralized management by Chinese Association of Chinese Medicine. They were officially released on July 23 and implemented on July 31,2021. The series of group standards consist of six sections,including general principles,adverse drug events,contraindications,precautions,application for special populations,and warnings. The section of general principles is comprised of holistic and programmatic expressions,which explain the general technical requirements for revising the marketed Chinese patent medicine instructions. The other five sections focus on information collection,screening,transformation,and illustration of specific items,forming a standardized revision technical process. This series of standards is the result of multiple rounds of research and the suggestions of more than 200 experts in different professional fields of " medicine-pharmacy-management-law-enterprise" have been gathered therein to reach a consensus. With the purposes of establishing standardized technical specifications for the revision of safety information in the marketed Chinese patent medicine instructions,guiding marketing authorization holders in revising the instructions,filling the gaps in the research of Chinese patent medicine instructions,promoting the deve-lopment of pharmaceutical care and academic research,and encouraging the rational and safe medication of Chinese patent medicine,the series of group standards is of great significance.
China ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/adverse effects* ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Nonprescription Drugs/adverse effects* ; Pharmacovigilance

Arsenic/toxicity* ; Bangladesh ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Premature Birth/chemically induced* ; Rural Population ; Zinc

OBJECTIVE: To explore the possible long-term health effects of the defoamer used in seawater desalination by sub-chronic toxicity testing. METHODS: Blood analysis, internal organ assessment, and histopathological examination were carried out in rats exposed to low, medium, and high (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg BW, respectively) doses of defoamer for 90 days through oral administration. RESULTS: The high dose group showed decreased blood alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase (P < 0.05). All doses resulted in a significant increase in albumin and decrease in globulin (P < 0.05). The direct bilirubin and indirect bilirubin were decreased in the medium and high dose groups (P < 0.05). All dose groups showed significant induction of alkaline phosphatase (P < 0.05). Pathological examination revealed a case of liver mononuclear cell infiltration in the medium dose group and three cases of liver congestion, steatosis of hepatic cells around the central vein, and punctate necrosis with multiple focal mononuclear cell infiltration in male rats administered the high dose. The No Observed Adverse Effect Level was 0.5 g/kg BW in rats, with albumin and total bilirubin as health effect indices. CONCLUSION Long-term defoamer exposure may cause liver injury but has no significant impact on renal function in rats. The effect on blood cells in female rats was more prominent than that in male rats.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Antifoaming Agents ; toxicity ; Blood Chemical Analysis ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Eating ; drug effects ; Female ; Male ; Rats, Wistar ; Toxicity Tests, Subchronic

To evaluate the potential risk of arteriosclerosis caused by desalinated seawater, Wistar rats were provided desalinated seawater over a 1-year period, and blood samples were collected at 0, 90, 180, and 360 days. Blood calcium, magnesium, and arteriosclerosis-related indicators were investigated. Female rats treated with desalinated seawater for 180 days showed lower magnesium levels than the control rats (P < 0.05). The calcium and magnesium levels in female rats and the magnesium level in male rats were lower than the levels in the controls, following treatment with desalinated seawater for 360 days (P < 0.05). Blood levels of arteriosclerosis-related lipid peroxidation indicators and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the treatment group did not differ from those in the controls. The levels of lipid peroxidation indicators and CRP in rats were not significantly affected by drinking desalinated seawater, and no increase in risk of arteriosclerosis was observed.
Animals ; Arteriosclerosis ; chemically induced ; Calcium ; blood ; Female ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Magnesium ; blood ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Seawater ; chemistry ; Sodium Chloride ; chemistry

BACKGROUNDCurrently, treatment of symptomatic polycystic liver disease (PLD) is still a challenging problem, especially for these patients who are not feasible for surgery. Minimally invasive options such as laparoscopic fenestration and percutaneous cyst aspiration with sclerotherapy demonstrated disappointing results due to multiple lesions. Because the cysts in PLD are mostly supplied from hepatic arteries but not from portal veins, transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) of the hepatic artery branches that supply the major hepatic cysts can lead to shrinkage of the cyst and liver size, relieve symptoms, and improve nutritional status. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of TAE with a mixture of N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) and iodized oil for patients with severe symptomatic PLD during a more than 2-year follow-up.

METHODSInstitutional review board had approved this study. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients. From February 2007 to December 2014, twenty-three patients (20 women and 3 men; mean age, 49.0 ± 14.5 years) infeasible for surgical treatments underwent TAE. Changes in the abdominal circumferences, volumes of intrahepatic cysts, hepatic parenchyma volume, and whole liver, clinical symptoms, laboratory data, and complications were evaluated after TAE.

RESULTSTechnical success was achieved in all cases. No procedure-related major complications occurred. The median follow-up period after TAE was 48.5 months (interquartile range, 30.0-72.0 months). PLD-related severe symptoms were improved remarkably in 86% of the treated patients; TAE failed to benefit in four patients (four patients did not benefit from TAE). The mean maximum abdominal circumference decreased significantly from 106.0 ± 8.0 cm to 87.0 ± 15.0 cm (P = 0.021). The mean intrahepatic cystic volume reduction rates compared with pre-TAE were 36% at 12 months, 37% at 24 months, and 38% at 36 months after TAE (P < 0.05). The mean liver volume reduction rates were 32% at 12 months, 31% at 24 months, and 33% at 36 months (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSTAE with the mixture of NBCA and iodized oil appears to be a safe and effective treatment method for patients with symptomatic PLD, especially for those who are not good candidates for surgical treatments, to improve both hepatic volume and hepatic cysts volume.

Objective To evaluate the effect of obesity on the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) in patients with inguinal hernia after tensionless repair and its treatment.Methods Clinical data of 628 cases with inguinal hernia undergoing tensionless repair from Sep.2008 to May.2016 were retrospectively analyzed.The 628 patients were divided into obesity group (n=150) and non-obesity group (n=478),or SSI group (n=9) and non-SSI group(n=619).The effect of obesity on SSI after inguinal hernia and its treatment was analyzed.Re sults Among the 628 patients,SSC happened to 9 patients and the incidence was 1.43％.The rate of SSI in obesity group and non-obesity group was 4.00％ (6/150) and 0.63％ (3/478),respectively (x=6.960,P=0.002).BMI was 30.92±3.03 and 26.24±3.79 respectively in SSI group and non-SSI group (t=3.686,P=0.000).The difference has statistical significance.Factors such as diabetes,age,sex,albumin levels,American society of anesthesiology (ASA),type of hernia,method and duration of operation had no significant difference between SSI group and non-SSI group (P＞0.05).Conclusion By analyzing the risk factors of SSI after tensionless hernia repair,we find that patients with obesity are more likely to have SSI.Strengthening prevention and early treatment is a key measure to prevent postoperative infection in these patients.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of~(56)Fe~(17+)heavy ion on the expression of phosphorylated histone H2AX( γH2AX) of human lymphccytes. METHODS: The Epstein-Barr virus transformed human B lymphocyte cell lines( PengEBV) were selected and exposed to~(56)Fe~(17+)heavy ion at irradiation dose of 0. 0( control group),0. 1,0. 3,0. 5,0. 7,1. 0 and 2. 0 Gy,respectively,with the dosing rate of 0. 23-0. 55 Gy / min. Flow-cytometry was used to detect the changes of expression of γH2AX at time points of 0,2,4,8,48 and 72 hours after irradiation. RESULTS: The expression of γH2AX showed interaction existed between radiation dose and the treatment time after radiation( P < 0. 01). Compared with the control at the same time points,the expression of γH2AX increased at the dose of 0. 3-2. 0 Gy and the time points of 2-72hours( P < 0. 05). The expression of γH2AX at the dose of 0. 3-2. 0 Gy and time points of 8-72 hours was lower than those at the same dose and time points of 2 and 4 hours( P < 0. 05). When the dose was at 0. 5,1. 0 or 2. 0 Gy,the expression of γH2AX decreased with the increasing time of exposure in 72 hours( P < 0. 05). At the dose of 0. 0-1. 0 Gy and the time points of 2-4 hours,the expression of γH2AX increased with the increasing dose of irradiation( P < 0. 01). CONCLUSION: The expression of γH2AX in Peng-EBV cells shows a dose-response relationship within 2-4 hours after 0. 0-1. 0 Gy irradiation of~(56)Fe~(17+).

Objective To review our clinical experience on 12 patients with retroperitoneal infection who were treated with retroperitoneal laparoscopic debridement.Method This retrospective study included 12 patients with retroperitoneal infection who were treated with retroperitoneal laparoscopic dehridement and drainage.Results All the 12 patients recovered well and were finally discharged home.Conclusions Retroperitoneal laparoscopic debridement and drainage for retroperitoneal infection is a mini-invasive procedure.It was found to be safe,produced minimal bleeding and resulted in rapid postoperative recovery.It can be used as the first choice treatment in properly selected patients.