Objective:To provide evidence for the prevention and control of pulmonary bulla by analyzing the clinical feature and risk factors of pulmonary bulla in military pilots.Methods:With a retrospective analysis, 61 hospitalized military pilots who were diagnosed as pulmonary bulla in Air Force Medical Center from 2021 to 2023 were selected as the case group, and 67 pilots without pulmonary bulla were randomly selected during the same period as the control group, and their medical records were collected. The clinical features of pulmonary bulla were analyzed and the independent risk factors of pulmonary bulla were explored by using multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results:Among 61 cases of military pilots with pulmonary bulla, 59.02% pathogenic site was located at right lung and 96.72% was at upper lobe , the proportion of multiple pulmonary bulla was 85.25%; 39.34% of the patients with pulmonary bulla experienced thoracic adhesions and located at the top of the chest mostly, and 22.95% of the patients with pulmonary bullae had other pulmonary diseases; the diameter of pulmonary bulla was ranged from 8 mm to 71 mm. From 2021 to 2023, the detection rate of pulmonary bulla among military pilots was 0.91%, 1.65% and 1.73% respectively, which increased year by year. The operative time ranged from 25 min to 260 min, with the median of [45.00 (35.00, 60.00)] min. A total of 68.85% of the military pilots were qualified in aeromedical assessment, and the time of observation was 21-204 d, with an average of (126.55±47.27) d. Multivariate Logistic analysis results showed that flying high performance fighter aircraft ( OR=5.545, 95% CI:1.425-23.560), long total flying hours ( OR=17.864, 95% CI:3.029-136.205), low body mass index ( OR=0.592, 95% CI:0.420-0.789), suffering from other lung diseases ( OR=0.261, 95% CI:0.069-0.770) and long weekly aerobic exercise time ( OR=10.204, 95% CI:1.624-138.146) were independent risk factors of pulmonary bulla in military pilots. Conclusions:The pulmonary bulla of military pilots is mainly at upper lung and right lobe, with a large diameter, and the proportion of incidence is increasing year by year. The operation time is short and the effect is good. The pulmonary bulla of military pilots is related to flying high performance fighter aircraft, long total flying hours, low body mass index, other lung diseases and long weekly aerobic exercise time. Targeted prevention and control measures should be taken according to some of these risk factors to reduce the detection rate of pulmonary bulla in military pilots.

Objective:To provide evidence for the prevention and control of pulmonary bulla by analyzing the clinical feature and risk factors of pulmonary bulla in military pilots.Methods:With a retrospective analysis, 61 hospitalized military pilots who were diagnosed as pulmonary bulla in Air Force Medical Center from 2021 to 2023 were selected as the case group, and 67 pilots without pulmonary bulla were randomly selected during the same period as the control group, and their medical records were collected. The clinical features of pulmonary bulla were analyzed and the independent risk factors of pulmonary bulla were explored by using multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results:Among 61 cases of military pilots with pulmonary bulla, 59.02% pathogenic site was located at right lung and 96.72% was at upper lobe , the proportion of multiple pulmonary bulla was 85.25%; 39.34% of the patients with pulmonary bulla experienced thoracic adhesions and located at the top of the chest mostly, and 22.95% of the patients with pulmonary bullae had other pulmonary diseases; the diameter of pulmonary bulla was ranged from 8 mm to 71 mm. From 2021 to 2023, the detection rate of pulmonary bulla among military pilots was 0.91%, 1.65% and 1.73% respectively, which increased year by year. The operative time ranged from 25 min to 260 min, with the median of [45.00 (35.00, 60.00)] min. A total of 68.85% of the military pilots were qualified in aeromedical assessment, and the time of observation was 21-204 d, with an average of (126.55±47.27) d. Multivariate Logistic analysis results showed that flying high performance fighter aircraft ( OR=5.545, 95% CI:1.425-23.560), long total flying hours ( OR=17.864, 95% CI:3.029-136.205), low body mass index ( OR=0.592, 95% CI:0.420-0.789), suffering from other lung diseases ( OR=0.261, 95% CI:0.069-0.770) and long weekly aerobic exercise time ( OR=10.204, 95% CI:1.624-138.146) were independent risk factors of pulmonary bulla in military pilots. Conclusions:The pulmonary bulla of military pilots is mainly at upper lung and right lobe, with a large diameter, and the proportion of incidence is increasing year by year. The operation time is short and the effect is good. The pulmonary bulla of military pilots is related to flying high performance fighter aircraft, long total flying hours, low body mass index, other lung diseases and long weekly aerobic exercise time. Targeted prevention and control measures should be taken according to some of these risk factors to reduce the detection rate of pulmonary bulla in military pilots.