Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic progressive inflammatory bowel disease. With the introduction of the "treat-to-target (T2T) " concept, the treatment goals for CD have become clearer and more specific. Traditional surgical treatment for CD typically follows a "complication-driven" approach, in which surgery is usually performed only after severe complications, such as bowel obstruction, fistulas, perforation, or cancer have occurred. The emergence of the treat-to-target strategy and the concept of disease clearance has transformed the surgical treatment of CD from a "passive rescue" model to an "active intervention" approach. Treatment goals have shifted from merely addressing complications and improving symptoms to achieving both short and long-term therapeutic objectives within the framework of treat-to-target. Achieving these goals helps to prevent CD-related complications, delay disease progression, reduce the risk of recurrence and malignancy, and improve the quality of life.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic progressive inflammatory bowel disease. With the introduction of the "treat-to-target (T2T) " concept, the treatment goals for CD have become clearer and more specific. Traditional surgical treatment for CD typically follows a "complication-driven" approach, in which surgery is usually performed only after severe complications, such as bowel obstruction, fistulas, perforation, or cancer have occurred. The emergence of the treat-to-target strategy and the concept of disease clearance has transformed the surgical treatment of CD from a "passive rescue" model to an "active intervention" approach. Treatment goals have shifted from merely addressing complications and improving symptoms to achieving both short and long-term therapeutic objectives within the framework of treat-to-target. Achieving these goals helps to prevent CD-related complications, delay disease progression, reduce the risk of recurrence and malignancy, and improve the quality of life.

Objective:To investigate the impact of preoperative anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) -α monoclonal antibody therapy on postoperative infectious complications in patients with Crohn′s disease (CD) after intestinal resection with primary anastomosis.Methods:The clinical data of CD patients who underwent intestinal resection with primary anastomosis at Jinling Hospital from January 2017 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Propensity score matching was used to match patients who did not receive or received anti-TNF treatment within 12 weeks before surgery at a ratio of 1∶2. The relationship between preoperative anti-TNF treatment and postoperative infectious complications was analyzed, and the related risk factors of postoperative infectious complications were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.Results:A total of 501 patients with CD who underwent resection and primary anastomosis were collected. After propensity score matching, 135 patients with CD were included in the analysis, 45 in the treatment group and 90 in the control group. There were no significant differences in the incidence of overall postoperative complications (24.4% vs. 25.6%, P = 0.889) and infectious complications (13.3% vs. 14.4%, P = 0.861) between the two groups. Previous history of intestinal resection due to CD and surgical site of colon were independent risk factors for infectious complications within 30 days after surgery. Conclusion:Previous history of intestinal resection of CD and colon surgery are associated with infectious complications after intestinal resection with primary anastomosis.

Objective:To investigate the impact of preoperative anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) -α monoclonal antibody therapy on postoperative infectious complications in patients with Crohn′s disease (CD) after intestinal resection with primary anastomosis.Methods:The clinical data of CD patients who underwent intestinal resection with primary anastomosis at Jinling Hospital from January 2017 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Propensity score matching was used to match patients who did not receive or received anti-TNF treatment within 12 weeks before surgery at a ratio of 1∶2. The relationship between preoperative anti-TNF treatment and postoperative infectious complications was analyzed, and the related risk factors of postoperative infectious complications were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.Results:A total of 501 patients with CD who underwent resection and primary anastomosis were collected. After propensity score matching, 135 patients with CD were included in the analysis, 45 in the treatment group and 90 in the control group. There were no significant differences in the incidence of overall postoperative complications (24.4% vs. 25.6%, P = 0.889) and infectious complications (13.3% vs. 14.4%, P = 0.861) between the two groups. Previous history of intestinal resection due to CD and surgical site of colon were independent risk factors for infectious complications within 30 days after surgery. Conclusion:Previous history of intestinal resection of CD and colon surgery are associated with infectious complications after intestinal resection with primary anastomosis.

In recent years, a number of policies have been implemented to strengthen the cultivation of general practitioners in China. However, the development of community-level health professionals is still lagging behind, the development is uneven among regions, the overall number of general practitioners is insufficient, and the quality of medical services needs to be improved. Based on the Shanhai (Mountain and Sea) promotion project, with the close cooperation between the Second Affiliated Hospital and the medical consortium unit Suichang County People′s Hospital, a " Joint Cultivation by Dual-Teachers " model has been applied in training general practitioners for Suichang county community since March 2021. In this article we discuss the optimization and integration of medical and health resources through the outreaching assistance of high-quality personnel, management and system of medical service, to comprehensively upgrade the primary care and the quality of grass-roots general practitioners in remote mountainous areas.

General education in biological courses such as "Principal Biology" is an essential avenue for gaining an understanding of life science and developing an interest in the field. The reform of biological education teaching mode based on interdisciplinary approaches aims to foster cross-disciplinary talents, which is crucial for the rapid development of China's bioeconomy. Teaching method that simply superimposes different subjects is difficult to discover the value of interdisciplinary education. To address this, a novel teaching system and an innovative teaching mode were proposed for "Principal Biology" course by integrating science and engineering subjects, based on the cross-disciplinary feature in Beijing Institute of Technology. The system involves the design of cross-disciplinary course content and the integration of multiple disciplines and knowledge points based on students' majors, taking into account the characteristics of students' physical and mental development. To improve students' scientific literacy and interdisciplinary thinking ability, differentiated and major-driven teaching modes were applied by incorporating the "1+N" mixed and immersive cross-thinking training. The effectiveness of tailored cross-disciplinary teaching was evaluated using "in-teaching" and "post-teaching" data feedback models, which promote the optimization of teaching process and enhance the quality of education in cross-disciplinary biological science.
Humans ; Students ; Curriculum ; Biological Science Disciplines/education* ; Universities ; Biology/education*

Objective:To explore the relationship between dysphagia and the lesion site after an ischemic stroke.Methods:The records of 178 cerebral infarction patients were divided into a supratentorial group of 111 and an infratentorial group of 67, according to the site of their lesions. The supratentorial group was further divided into left, right and bilateral groups of 59, 34 and 18, respectively. Fluoroscopic videos of the patients′ swallowing were used to measure lip closure, bolus formation, apraxia, tongue-to-palate contact, premature bolus loss, oral transit time, triggering of pharyngeal swallowing, vallecular residue, larynx elevation, pyriform sinus residue, pharynx wall coating, pharynx transit time, aspiration, and leakage.Results:There were significant differences between the supratentorial and infratentorial groups in bolus formation, apraxia, oral transit time, triggering of pharyngeal swallowing, larynx elevation, and aspiration. Moreover, significant differences were found in the incidence of aspiration among the left, right and bilateral supratentorial groups.Conclusions:Patients with supratentorial infarction are more likely than those with infratentorial infarction to develop oral dysphagia, including poor bolus formation, apraxia and prolonged oral transit time. Those with infratentorial infarction are more likely to have pharyngeal dysphagia, including poor triggering of pharyngeal swallowing, obstructed larynx elevation, and aspiration. Those with bilateral cerebral hemisphere infarction are more likely to aspirate than those with an infarct in the left cerebral hemisphere.

ObjectiveTo analyze the correlation between the changes of swallowing function and aspiration in stroke patients using videofluroscopic swallowing study. MethodsFrom January, 2014 to December, 2021, 240 stroke patients who underwent videofluroscopic swallowing study in the radiology department of Xuzhou Central Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into aspiration group (n = 108, ≥ grade 5) and non-aspiration group (n = 132, < grade 5) according to Rosenbek Penetration/Aspiration Scale (PAS). The swallowing function changes in the oral and pharyngeal phases were compared between two groups according to Videofluoroscopic Dysphagia Scale, the risk factors of aspiration were analyzed using Logistic multivariate regression. ResultsThere were significant differences in incomplete lip closure, impaired bolus formation, apraxia, incomplete tongue-to-palate contact, premature bolus loss, prolonged oral transit time, delayed triggering of pharyngeal swallow, epiglottis folding dysfunction, pyriform sinus residue, and coating of pharyngeal wall (χ² > 5.802, P < 0.05). Prolonged oral transit time (OR = 3.964, P = 0.036), delayed triggering of pharyngeal swallow (OR = 5.684, P < 0.001), epiglottis folding dysfunction (OR = 11.571, P < 0.001) and pyriform sinus residue (OR = 4.524, P = 0.002) were correlated with aspiration. ConclusionProlonged oral transit time, delayed triggering of pharyngeal swallow, epiglottis folding dysfunction and pyriform sinus residue are risk factors of aspiration after stroke.

Objective To investigate the genetic polymorphism of 90 autosomal SNPs in Guangdong Han population and assess their value in forensic medicine based on next generation sequencing. Methods Blood samples were collected from 100 unrelated individuals. Through using AutoMate ExpressTM Nucleic Acid Extraction System, DNA was extracted. HID-Ion AmpliSeq? Identity Panel was applied for library preparation while Ion OneTouch? 2 system (OT2) was employed for emulsion PCR (emPCR). NGS was performed on the Ion PGM? system. Sequencing results were analysed using the Torrent Suite v4.4.2 with the HID_SNP_Genotyper v4.3.1 plugin. The forensic parameters were calculated and compared with GoldeneyeTM 20A systems. Results According to the Bonferroni correction, the genotypes of 90 autosomal SNPs were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and no linkage disequilibrium was observed. The average Ho of 90 autosomal SNPs was 0.423, the average DP was 0.560 and the average PIC was 0.329. The CDP (cumulative power of discrimination) of 90 autosomal SNPs system was 1-1.20×10-33, which was greater than that of 20A System. The CPEtri (cumulative excluding probability of trio paternity) was 0.999 999 911 and the CPEduo (cumulative excluding probability of duo paternity) was 0.999 882. Both of these two parameters were below that of 20A System. Conclusion It suggested that the 90 autosomal SNPs System can be applied to forensic individual discrimination and trio paternity testing independently. Besides, it is supposed to be used in the duo paternity testing as an assistant measure.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Rad9 mutants with impaired DNA mismatch repair ( MMR) function on the tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer. Methods The colorectal cancer tumor samples were collected from 100 patients. The mutation profiles of human Rad9 ( hRad9) gene in these samples were detected by reverse transcriptase?polymerase chain reaction ( RT?PCR) and sequencing. The plasmid of pFLAG?hRad9 ( L101M ) was constructed following the QuickChange mutagenesis procedure and transfected into mRad9?deleted mouse cells ( mRad9-/- cells) . The expression of hRad9 protein was measured by western blot analysis. The MMR activity in live cells was detected by flow cytometry using the reporter plasmid for MMR function. Results Mutation from Leu to Met at the residue 101 ( L101M) of hRad9 gene was detected in 7 of the 100 samples. The mismatch repair efficiency of mRad9-/-+L101M cells ( mRad9?deleted mouse cells with ectopic expression of L101M hRad9 gene) was (34.0± 5. 6)%, which was significantly lower than that in the mRad9-/-+ hRad9 cells [ mRad9?deleted mouse cells with ectopic expression of hRad9 gene, (48.0±7.5)%, P<0.05]. After N?nitroso?N?methylurea (MNU) treatment, the survival rate of mRad9-/-+L101M cells was (33.7±5.9)%, which was significantly higher than that in the mRad9-/-+ hRad9 cells [(21.3±4.7)%, P<0.05]. Thus, ectopic expression of L101M hRad9 gene resulted in significantly reduced MMR activity and increased resistance to MNU. Furthermore, ectopic expression of hRad9 gene with mutation at the target residues of post?translational modification in mRad9-/- cells also led to a reduced MMR activity. Conclusion Rad9 mutants with impaired DNA mismatch repair function may promote tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer.