ObjectiveTo explore the changes in volatile components， total polysaccharides， enzyme activity， and chromaticity value of Myristicae Semen Koji（MSK） during the fermentation process， and conduct correlation analysis. MethodsBased on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）， the changes of volatile components in MSK at different fermentation times were identified. The phenol sulfuric acid method， dinitrosalicylic acid method（DNS）， and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt method（CMC-Na） were used to investigate the total polysaccharide content， amylase activity， and cellulase activity during the fermentation process. Visual analysis technology was used to explore the changes in chromaticity values， revealing the fermentation process of MSK and the dynamic changes of various measurement indicators， partial least squares-discriminant analysis（PLS-DA） was used to explore the differential compounds of MSK at different fermentation degrees， and Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between volatile components of MSK and total polysaccharides， enzyme activity， and chromaticity values. ResultsA total of 60 volatile compounds were identified from MSK， the relative contents of components such as （+）-α-pinene， β-phellandrene， β-pinene， （+）-limonene， and p-cymene obviously increased， while the relative contents of components such as safrole， methyl isoeugenol， methyleugenol， myristicin， and elemicin significantly decreased. During the fermentation process， the total polysaccharide content showed an upward trend， while the activities of amylase and cellulase showed an initial increase followed by a decrease， and reached their maximum value at 40 h. the overall brightness（L^*） and total color difference（ΔE^*） gradually increased， while the changes in red-green value（a^*） and yellow-blue value（b^*） were not obvious. PLS-DA results showed that MSK could be clearly distinguished at different fermentation times， and 13 differential biomarkers were screened out. Pearson correlation analysis results showed that the contents of α-terpinene， β-phellandrene， methyleugenol， β-cubebene and myristic acid had an obvious correlation with chromaticity values. ConclusionAfter fermentation， the volatile components， total polysaccharides， amylase activity， and cellulase activity of MSK undergo significant changes， and there is a clear correlation between them and chromaticity values， which reveals the dynamic changes in the fermentation process and related indicators of MSK， laying a foundation for the quality control.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic progressive inflammatory bowel disease. With the introduction of the "treat-to-target (T2T) " concept, the treatment goals for CD have become clearer and more specific. Traditional surgical treatment for CD typically follows a "complication-driven" approach, in which surgery is usually performed only after severe complications, such as bowel obstruction, fistulas, perforation, or cancer have occurred. The emergence of the treat-to-target strategy and the concept of disease clearance has transformed the surgical treatment of CD from a "passive rescue" model to an "active intervention" approach. Treatment goals have shifted from merely addressing complications and improving symptoms to achieving both short and long-term therapeutic objectives within the framework of treat-to-target. Achieving these goals helps to prevent CD-related complications, delay disease progression, reduce the risk of recurrence and malignancy, and improve the quality of life.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic progressive inflammatory bowel disease. With the introduction of the "treat-to-target (T2T) " concept, the treatment goals for CD have become clearer and more specific. Traditional surgical treatment for CD typically follows a "complication-driven" approach, in which surgery is usually performed only after severe complications, such as bowel obstruction, fistulas, perforation, or cancer have occurred. The emergence of the treat-to-target strategy and the concept of disease clearance has transformed the surgical treatment of CD from a "passive rescue" model to an "active intervention" approach. Treatment goals have shifted from merely addressing complications and improving symptoms to achieving both short and long-term therapeutic objectives within the framework of treat-to-target. Achieving these goals helps to prevent CD-related complications, delay disease progression, reduce the risk of recurrence and malignancy, and improve the quality of life.

Objective To observe the value of deep learning(DL)models for automatic classification of echocardiographic views.Methods Totally 100 patients after heart transplantation were retrospectively enrolled and divided into training set,validation set and test set at a ratio of 7∶2∶1.ResNet18,ResNet34,Swin Transformer and Swin Transformer V2 models were established based on 2D apical two chamber view,2D apical three chamber view,2D apical four chamber view,2D subcostal view,parasternal long-axis view of left ventricle,short-axis view of great arteries,short-axis view of apex of left ventricle,short-axis view of papillary muscle of left ventricle,short-axis view of mitral valve of left ventricle,also 3D and CDFI views of echocardiography.The accuracy,precision,recall,F1 score and confusion matrix were used to evaluate the performance of each model for automatically classifying echocardiographic views.The interactive interface was designed based on Qt Designer software and deployed on the desktop.Results The performance of models for automatically classifying echocardiographic views in test set were all good,with relatively poor performance for 2D short-axis view of left ventricle and superior performance for 3D and CDFI views.Swin Transformer V2 was the optimal model for automatically classifying echocardiographic views,with high accuracy,precision,recall and F1 score was 92.56％,89.01％,89.97％and 89.31％,respectively,which also had the highest diagonal value in confusion matrix and showed the best classification effect on various views in t-SNE figure.Conclusion DL model had good performance for automatically classifying echocardiographic views,especially Swin Transformer V2 model had the best performance.Using interactive classification interface could improve the interpretability of prediction results to some extent.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of venous excess ultrasound score (VExUS Score) in the acute kidney injury(AKI) in Patients with sepsis, so as to reduce the risk of disease and improve the prognosis of patients.Methods:This experiment was a single-center prospective cohort study. Include septic patients with AKI who were admitted to the Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from February 2022 to February 2023, Those with inadequate window, inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombus, age<18 years and known case of cirrhosis with portal hypertension were excluded from the study. Patients underwent ultrasound examination with serial determination till AKI resolved or patient is initiated on dialysis.Results:Totally 86 patients were enrolled for the study. The mean age was (60.43±15.48) with 50 (58.1%) males. Mean sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score was (6.23±1.87). 38 patients (44.2%) were in AKI stage 1, while 24 patients (27.9%) were in AKI stage 2 and stage 3 each. 52 patients (60.5%) had VExUS grade Ⅲ. Resolution of AKI injury showed significant correlation with improvement in VExUS grade ( p value 0.003). Similarly, there was significant association between changes in VExUS grade and fluid balance ( p value 0.005). There was no correlation between central venous pressure (CVP), left ventricular function, and right ventricular function with change in VExUS grade. Conclusions:The study shows a significant correlation between the VExUS Score and AKI staging, With improvement in kidney function, there is decline in the VExUS grade as well. Moreover VExUS Score might reliably demonstrate venous congestion and aid in the clinical decision to perform fluid removal.

Objective To isolate the Japanese encephalitis virus carried by Culex tritaeniorhynchus in Dongchuan District of Yunnan Province and analyze its molecular characteristics, so as to provide insights into the prevention and control of Japanese encephalitis in Yunnan Province. Methods Mosquito specimens were collected using mosquito-trapping lamps from pig farms in Batang Village and Xiaoxin Village, Dongchuan District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province in July 2016, and the mosquito species was identified according to the mosquito morphology. Then, 60 to 100 mosquitoes of each species served as a group and were ground. Baby hamster kidney-21 (BHK-21) cells and Aedes albopictus clone C6/36 cells were used for virus isolation, and positive isolates were identified using flavivirus primers. The positive isolates were amplified using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay with 15 pairs of specific primers covering the full length of the genotype I Japanese encephalitis virus, and DNA sequence assembly was performed using the software SeqMan in the DNASTAR package. The obtained sequences were aligned with the complete sequences of 38 Japanese encephalitis virus downloaded from the GenBank with the software MegAlign, and the nucleotide and amino acid homology analyses of the obtained sequences were performed. The difference in amino acid sites was analyzed with the software GeneDoc, and phylogenetic trees were created based on the sequences of the coding region and E protein of the isolated Japanese encephalitis virus with the software Mega X. In addition, the secondary and tertiary structures of the E protein of the Japanese encephalitis virus were predicted using the online tool SOPMA and the software Swiss-Model. Results A total of 5 820 mosquitoes were collected and 3 843 Cx. tritaeniorhynchus (66.03%) were identified according to the mosquito morphology. A positive virus isolate, termed YNDC55-33, was isolated from Cx. tritaeniorhynchoides following batches of virus isolation from mosquito specimens, and cytopathic effect was observed following inoculation into BHK-21 and C6/36 cells. The YNDC55-33 virus isolate was successfully amplified with the flavivirus primes, and a long sequence containing 300 nucleotides was obtained. Following sequence alignment using the BLAST tool, the sequence of the YNDC55-33 virus isolate had high homology with that of the genotype I Japanese encephalitis virus. A long sequence with 10 845 nucleotides in length, which encoded 3 432 amino acids, was obtained by splicing the full sequence of the YNDC55-33 virus isolate. Phylogenetic analysis based on the whole-genome sequence and E gene sequence of the YNDC55-33 virus isolate showed that the new YNDC55-33 virus isolate was most closely related to the genotype I Guizhou isolate (GenBank accession number: HM366552), with nucleotide homology of 98.5% and amino acid homology of 99.4%, and the YNDC55-33 virus isolate shared 97.96% ± 0.33% nucleotide homology and 99.35% ± 0.08% amino acid homology with other genotype I Japanese encephalitis virus isolates, and < 90% nucleotide homology and < 98% amino acid homology with other genotypes of Japanese encephalitis virus. The YNDC55-33 virus isolate and the live attenuated virus vaccine candidate SA14-14-2 isolate differed at 16 amino acid sites on E gene, and 7 out of 8 key amino acid sites related to neurovirulence. The secondary and tertiary structures of the E protein of the YNDC55-33 virus isolate were predicted to be characterized by random coils. Conclusions A genotype I Japanese encephalitis virus was isolated from Cx. tritaeniorhynchus in Dongchuan District, Kunming City. This virus isolate and the live attenuated virus vaccine candidate SA14-14-2 isolate does not differ at antigenic epitopes-related key amino acid sites, and the major protein structure of the virus isolate is random coils. This study adds new data for the epidemiological distribution of Japanese encephalitis virus in Yunnan Province, which may provide insights into the prevention and control of Japanese encephalitis in the province.

Objective:To analyze the changes in electrical impedance tomography (EIT) during the extubation phase in critically ill patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation (MV),and evaluate the value of EIT and EAdi in predicting extubation failure in critically ill patients.Methods:The clinical data of patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation and SBT in the emergency intensive care unit (EICU) of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2022 to June 2024 were prospectively collected. The values of EIT were monitored and recorded at pressure support ventilation, 2 hours after extubation and 6 hours after extubation. According to whether the patient was re-intubated within 48 hours after extubation,patients were divided into successful extubation group and extubation failure group. The values of EIT were compared at the same time point between the two groups, and the correlation analysis of the values of EIT was carried out. The ROC curve was used to analyze the predictive ability of EIT at pressure support ventilation, 2 hours after extubation and 6 hours after extubation after SBT passage for extubation failure.Results:A total of 110 patients were included in the study, of which 52 patients failed to extubation. Patients in the failed extubation group had a smaller available ventilation area (SAV) before and after extubation compared to those in the successful extubation group, and had a higher Global Inhomogeneity Index (GI) ( P<0.001). The regional ventilation delay and the the center of ventilation were not different between groups. Conclusions:The values of EIT are valid predictors of extubation failure in critically ill patients and are suitable for clinical application.

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of CT-guided puncture biopsy combined with serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and abnormal prothrombin (PIVKA-Ⅱ) in serum alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) negative primary liver cancer (PHC).Methods:Eighty patients with AFP negative PHC treatment in Fuyang Women and Children′s Hospital from January 2018 to March 2021 were selected as AFP negative PHC group, and another 85 patients diagnosed with benign liver tumor during the same period were selected as the control group retrospectively. The patients of the two groups underwent CT-guided biopsy and the levels of GGT and PIVKA-Ⅱ were detected. The single diagnostic value and combined diagnostic value of AFP negative PHC were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:Seventy-five of the 80 patients in the AFP negative PHC group were confirmed as liver malignant lesions by biopsy, with a coincidence of 93.75%, and 84 of the 85 patients in the control group were confirmed as liver benign lesions by biopsy, with a coincidence of 98.82%. The levels of AFP, GGT and PIVKA-Ⅱ in AFP negative PHC group were significantly higher than those in the control group: (175.67 ± 39.58) μg/L vs. (18.74 ± 7.42) μg/L, (1 245.37 ± 255.41) U/L vs. (486.63 ± 89.05) U/L, (385.49 ± 30.27) AU/L vs. (25.84 ± 7.66) AU/L, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum AFP was positively correlated with GGT and PIVKA-Ⅱ ( r = 0.858 and 0.429, P<0.05). The results of ROC curve showed that the area under curve of CT-guided biopsy combined with GGT and PIVKA-Ⅱ in the diagnosis of AFP negative PHC was 0.877, the sensitivity was 91.19%, the specificity was 87.34%. Conclusions:CT-guided biopsy combined with GGT and PIVKA-Ⅱ detection of AFP negative PHC can effectively improve the diagnostic value.

【Objective】 To compare the current standards and explore the influencing factors for hemolysis rate of leukocyte-reduced red blood cells at the end of the preservation period, in order to formulate reasonable internal control indicators. 【Methods】 A retrospective analysis was performed on hemolysis rate of 427 samples of leukocyte-reduced red blood cells at the end of the preservation period in Nanning Blood Center from 2015 to 2022. Compared with the current standard for hemolysis rate at the end of the preservation period (GB 18469-2012 Quality Requirements for Whole Blood and Component Blood), the differences were analyzed, and the factors influncing the hemolysis rate were analyzed in terms of different blood donor groups. 【Results】 1) Among the 427 samples, the hemolysis rate of 418 (97.89%) did not exceed 0.4%, all lower than 0.8%; 2)the hemolysis rate of the male group was higher than that of the female group; 3) the hemolysis rate of the 18-29 years old group was lower than that of the 30-39 year old group and the 40-60 year old group, with statistically significant difference; 4) in terms of occupation, the hemolysis rate of students was the lowest, and the differences between groups were statistically significant; 5) no statistical significance was found in ethnicity and blood type. 【Conclusion】 Statistics indicated that gender, age, blood donation volume and occupation of blood donors were the influencing factors of hemolysis rate. The current standard is obviously higher in the qualified range of blood quality control in Nanning. It is advisable to formulate a reasonable quality control strategy with internal control index of hemolysis rate set <0.4%, which is conducive to making accurate evaluation of internal quality control and ensuring blood safety.

Humans ; Phosphorylation ; Serine/metabolism* ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism* ; Signal Transduction ; Neovascularization, Pathologic