Objective: To systematically review the modeling strategies, primary outcomes, and quantifiable effects in animal models of transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO), acute hemolytic transfusion reaction (AHTR), and related transfusion paradigms. Subgroup meta-analysis was designated as the primary analytical framework, with the overall pooled effect treated as exploratory. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) from inception to December 30, 2025. Eligible studies utilized animal models to simulate transfusion-related adverse reactions and provided extractable quantitative outcomes. The SYRCLE tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Random-effects models were employed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Prespecified subgroup analyses were conducted for TRALI, TACO, AHTR, and donor sex-related transfusion paradigms. Additional analyses included funnel plots, Egger/Begg tests, leave-one-out sensitivity analyses, and meta-regression based on publication year. Results: Twenty-one studies comprising 24 independent comparisons were included in the quantitative synthesis. The overall pooled estimate was OR=1.07 (95% CI:0.69-1.66), with substantial heterogeneity (I =96%). Subgroup analyses yielded the following estimates: TRALI, OR=0.83 (95%CI:0.57-1.21, I =97%); TACO, OR=1.85 (95%CI:0.54-6.34, I =93%); donor sex-related paradigms, OR=1.49 (95%CI:1.02-2.17, I =85%); and AHTR, OR=0.26 (95%CI:0.10-0.64, I =0%). Between-subgroup differences were statistically significant (P<0.000 1). Publication year was positively correlated with effect size (P=0.001 4). Most studies demonstrated unclear risk of bias across several SYRCLE domains due to incomplete methodological reporting. Conclusion: Animal models of transfusion-related adverse reactions exhibit significant structural heterogeneity across syndrome categories. Therefore, subgroup-specific and narrative syntheses are recommended as the primary presentation framework, rather than relying on a single overall pooled effect. Complement-targeted interventions in AHTR models demonstrated a consistent protective signal. In contrast, TRALI and TACO models require greater standardization in modeling protocols and endpoint definitions to reduce methodological variability.

As an inevitable trend of social development, aging has generated a wide and far-reaching impact on every aspect of society, especially posing severe challenges for the heath system of all countries and regions around the world. Facing the objective reality of humans co-existing with diseases in a long term and people’s ever-growing demand for healthcare, the successful development of vaccine products can provide people with effective preventive measures to combat infectious diseases. This article summarizes the development and use of 4 vaccines that are suitable for the elder population, i.e., influenza vaccine, pneumococcal vaccine, varicella-zoster virus vaccine and respiratory syncytial virus vaccine, aiming to provide some reference for the development and popularization of these vaccines and to improve the well-being of the senior citizens.

Objective:To explore the composition of gut microbiome, the characteristics of virulence factor genes and their relationship with liver metabolic inflammation in overweight or obese children.Methods:A case-control design was conducted. From the children who visited the West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University for medical or physical examinations between August 2021 and April 2022, a total of 23 obese children (obesity group), 8 overweight children (overweight group), and 22 healthy children (control group) were recruited. The body mass index of children was calculated after anthropometric measurements; metabolic inflammation indexes such as the levels of fasting blood glucose and hepatic function and renal function etc. were detected. The composition and abundance of gut microbiota in the feces of the children were detected by metagenomic sequencing technology and the Shannon index and Simpson index were calculated to assess the α diversity of virulence factor genes. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for pairwise comparison between groups. The Spearman′s rank correlation test was used for correlation analysis, and the Benjamini-Hochberg method was used to correct the P-value of multiple tests. Results:The obese group included 23 children aged 8.5 (6.3, 11.8) years, of whom 9 (39%) were male. The overweight group consisted of 8 children aged 9.2 (5.5, 12.3) years, of whom 4 were male. The control group comprised 22 children aged 5.3 (5.1, 5.4) years, of whom 10 (45%) were male. The obese group exhibited higher levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT), globulin, and uric acid compared to those of the control group (all P<0.05), with ALT also higher than that of the overweight group ( P<0.05). The levels of fasting blood glucose, γ-GT, globulin, and uric acid in the overweight group were all higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05). The abundance of Coprococcus A (0.76 (0.00, 3.11) vs. 0.00 (0.00, 0.00), false discovery rate ( FDR)<0.05) and Parasutterella (0.89 (0.08, 1.79) vs. 0.00 (0.00, 0.08), FDR<0.05) in the gut of children in the obese group were both higher than those of the control group. The number of virulence factor genes in the obese group was higher than those of the control group (941 (886, 977) vs. 890 (807, 920), P<0.05). The Simpson index and Shannon index of gut microbial virulence factor genes in the obese group were both higher than those of the control group (0.993 (0.992, 0.993) vs. 0.991(0.990, 0.991), (5.50 (5.46, 5.56) vs. 5.37 (5.30, 5.43), both P<0.01). The abundance of gut microbiota virulence factors genes all showed positive correlations with fasting blood glucose, ALT, γ-GT, and uric acid levels in children (all r>0.3, all FDR<0.05). The abundance of 17 gut microbial virulence factor genes were all positively associated with γ-GT levels (all r>0.3, all FDR<0.05). The virulence factor genes (LpxH, LpxB, LpxK) of lipopolysaccharide were all positively correlated with plasma γ-GT and globulin levels (all r>0.3, all FDR<0.05). Conclusions:Overweight or obese children exhibited elevated liver metabolic-inflammatory markers compared to their normal-weight counterparts. Notably, obese children demonstrated gut microbiota dysbiosis accompanied by enrichment of virulence factor genes, which may promote liver metabolic inflammation through pathways such as lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis.

Objective:To explore the composition of gut microbiome, the characteristics of virulence factor genes and their relationship with liver metabolic inflammation in overweight or obese children.Methods:A case-control design was conducted. From the children who visited the West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University for medical or physical examinations between August 2021 and April 2022, a total of 23 obese children (obesity group), 8 overweight children (overweight group), and 22 healthy children (control group) were recruited. The body mass index of children was calculated after anthropometric measurements; metabolic inflammation indexes such as the levels of fasting blood glucose and hepatic function and renal function etc. were detected. The composition and abundance of gut microbiota in the feces of the children were detected by metagenomic sequencing technology and the Shannon index and Simpson index were calculated to assess the α diversity of virulence factor genes. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for pairwise comparison between groups. The Spearman′s rank correlation test was used for correlation analysis, and the Benjamini-Hochberg method was used to correct the P-value of multiple tests. Results:The obese group included 23 children aged 8.5 (6.3, 11.8) years, of whom 9 (39%) were male. The overweight group consisted of 8 children aged 9.2 (5.5, 12.3) years, of whom 4 were male. The control group comprised 22 children aged 5.3 (5.1, 5.4) years, of whom 10 (45%) were male. The obese group exhibited higher levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT), globulin, and uric acid compared to those of the control group (all P<0.05), with ALT also higher than that of the overweight group ( P<0.05). The levels of fasting blood glucose, γ-GT, globulin, and uric acid in the overweight group were all higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05). The abundance of Coprococcus A (0.76 (0.00, 3.11) vs. 0.00 (0.00, 0.00), false discovery rate ( FDR)<0.05) and Parasutterella (0.89 (0.08, 1.79) vs. 0.00 (0.00, 0.08), FDR<0.05) in the gut of children in the obese group were both higher than those of the control group. The number of virulence factor genes in the obese group was higher than those of the control group (941 (886, 977) vs. 890 (807, 920), P<0.05). The Simpson index and Shannon index of gut microbial virulence factor genes in the obese group were both higher than those of the control group (0.993 (0.992, 0.993) vs. 0.991(0.990, 0.991), (5.50 (5.46, 5.56) vs. 5.37 (5.30, 5.43), both P<0.01). The abundance of gut microbiota virulence factors genes all showed positive correlations with fasting blood glucose, ALT, γ-GT, and uric acid levels in children (all r>0.3, all FDR<0.05). The abundance of 17 gut microbial virulence factor genes were all positively associated with γ-GT levels (all r>0.3, all FDR<0.05). The virulence factor genes (LpxH, LpxB, LpxK) of lipopolysaccharide were all positively correlated with plasma γ-GT and globulin levels (all r>0.3, all FDR<0.05). Conclusions:Overweight or obese children exhibited elevated liver metabolic-inflammatory markers compared to their normal-weight counterparts. Notably, obese children demonstrated gut microbiota dysbiosis accompanied by enrichment of virulence factor genes, which may promote liver metabolic inflammation through pathways such as lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis.

Objective:To study the changes in serum small molecule metabolites after brucella infection in humans using untargeted metabolomics methods, and screening representative biomarkers. Methods:A total of 109 serum samples collected from January 2019 to December 2021 at the Brucellosis Clinic of the Baotou Center for Disease Control and Prevention were divided into acute phase group ( n = 40), chronic phase group ( n = 35) of brucellosis, and healthy group ( n = 34) based on clinical diagnosis. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry technology was used to test serum samples and screen for differential metabolites. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the predictive ability of differential metabolites for brucellosis. Enriched pathways were screened using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway to identify metabolic pathways significantly affected. Results:A total of 17 differential metabolites were screened between the acute phase group and the healthy group, and 12 differential metabolites were screened between the chronic phase group and the healthy group. There were a total of 5 differential metabolites (oleamide, linoleamide, stearamide, palmitoleic acid, α-linolenic acid) statistically significant among the three groups ( F = 16.84, 17.52, 14.31, 13.01, 20.76, P < 0.05). KEGG pathway analysis showed that the differential metabolites in the acute phase group were enriched in metabolic pathways such as ether lipid metabolism, glycerophosphate metabolism, sphingolipid signal and sphingolipid metabolism. The differential metabolites in the chronic phase group were enriched in metabolic pathways such as glycerophosphate metabolism, ether lipid metabolism, protein digestion and absorption metabolism. Conclusion:Untargeted metabolomics methods can screen out serum small molecule metabolites that undergo changes after brucella infection in the human body, including oleamide, linoleamide, stearamide, palmitoleic acid, α-linolenic acid can serve as potential biomarkers to distinguish brucellosis patients from healthy people.

ObjectiveTo explore the anti-gout effect and mechanism of Derris eriocarpa extract by network pharmacological analysis combined with in vivo and in vitro experimental verification. MethodThe chemical components and candidate targets of D. eriocarpa were obtained from the database. The key targets and potential active components of D. eriocarpa in the treatment of gout were screened by the protein-protein interaction analysis， and then the Gene Ontology （GO） functional annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathway enrichment were performed for the key targets. A mouse model of hyperuricemia was established by intraperitoneal injection of hypoxanthine to observe the effect of D. eriocarpa alcohol extract on hyperuricemia. A rat model of gouty inflammation induced by the injection of microcrystalline sodium urate crystals into the foot and plantar was used to observe the effect of D. eriocarpa alcohol extract on gouty inflammation. A xylene-induced acute inflammation model was established to observe the anti-inflammatory effect of D. eriocarpa alcohol extract. The hot plate test and twisting test were performed to observe the pain-relieving effect of D. eriocarpa. The lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced RAW264.7 cells were used to study the anti-gout effect and mechanism of D. eriocarpa alcohol extract. ResultA total of 12 key targets and 15 potential active components were obtained from the D. eriocarpa-component-gout target network. The emodin， betulinic acid， and medicarpin endowed D. eriocarpa with anti-hyperuricemia， anti-inflammatory， and pain-relieving effects by acting on Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）， NOD-like reception protein 3 （NLRP3）， and nuclear factor （NF）-κB. Compared with the control group， the model groups showed elevated serum uric acid level in mice （P<0.01）， increased swelling degree of rats （P<0.05， P<0.01）， alleviated the auricular swelling of mice （P<0.05）， reduced the twisting times of mice （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and increased the hot plate pain threshold （P<0.05）. Moreover， the model group showed up-regulated mRNA level of TLR4 and protein levels of TLR4， NF-κB， and NLRP3 in cells （P<0.01）， and elevated levels of TLR4 and NF-κB in the cell supernatant （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the alcoholic extracts （20， 10， 5 g·kg^-1） of D. eriocarpa lowered the serum uric acid level in hyperuricemic mice （P<0.01）， inhibited foot and plantar swelling in rats （P<0.05， P<0.01）， down-regulated the mRNA level of TLR4 and the protein levels of TLR4， NF-κB， NLRP3 in cells， and lowered the levels of TLR4， TNF-α， NF-κB， and IL-6 in cell supernatants （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionD. eriocarpa alcohol extract may exert the anti-gout， anti-inflammatory， and pain-relieving effects by regulating the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and prognosis of basiliximab in the treatment of steroid-refractory or steroid-dependent acute graft-versus-host disease (SR/SD-aGVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) . Methods: Clinical data of 87 patients with SR/SD-aGVHD in the skin, intestine, and liver after allo-HSCT at the Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital Transplantation Center from January 2015 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The administration plan of basiliximab was as follows: 20 mg for adults and children weighing ≥35 kg and 10 mg for children weighing<35 kg. The drug was administered once on the 1st, 4th, and 8th days, respectively, and then once weekly. The efficacy was evaluated on the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th days after basiliximab treatment. Results: ①There were 51 males (58.6%) and 36 females (41.4%) , with a median (range) age of 34 (4-63) years. There were 54 cases of classic aGVHD, 33 of late aGVHD, 49 of steroid-refractory aGVHD, and 38 of steroid-dependent aGVHD. ②Thirty-five patients (40.2%) achieved complete remission (CR) , 23 (26.4%) achieved partial remission (PR) , and 29 had no remission (NR) . The total effective rate[overall response rate (ORR) ] was 66.7% (58/87) . ③The ORR of the classic and late aGVHD groups was 77.8% (42/54) and 48.5% (16/33) , respectively. ④The median (range) follow-up time was 154 (4-1813) days, the 6-month overall survival (OS) rate of the 87 patients was 44.8% (95% CI 39.5%-50.1%) and the 1-year OS was 39.4% (95%CI 34.2%-44.3%) . ⑤After treatment with basiliximab, the 6-month OS in the CR (35 cases) , PR (23 cases) , and NR (29 cases) groups was 80.0% (95%CI 73.2%-86.8%) , 39.1% (95%CI 28.9%-49.3%) , and 6.9% (95%CI 2.2%-11.6%) , respectively (χ(2)=34.679, P<0.001) , and the 1-year OS was 74.3% (95%CI 66.9%-81.7%) , 30.4% (95%CI 20.8%-40.0%) , and 3.4% (95%CI 0%-6.8%) , respectively (χ(2)=43.339, P<0.001) . The OS of the classic and late aGVHD groups was 57.4% (95%CI 50.7%-64.1%) and 24.2% (95%CI 16.7%-31.7%) , respectively (χ(2)=9.109, P=0.004) , and the 1-year OS was 51.9% (95%CI 45.1%-58.7%) and 18.2% (95%CI 11.5%-24.9%) , respectively (χ(2)=9.753, P=0.003) . ⑥Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that late aGVHD (OR=3.121, 95%CI 1.770-5.503, P<0.001) , Minnesota score high-risk group before medication (OR=3.591, 95%CI 1.931-6.679, P<0.001) , active infection before medication (OR=1.881, 95%CI 1.029-3.438, P=0.040) , and impairment of important organ function caused by non-GVHD (OR=3.100, 95%CI 1.570-6.121, P=0.001) were independent risk factors affecting the efficacy of basiliximab. Conclusion: Basiliximab has good efficacy and safety for SR/SD-aGVHD, but not in patients with late aGVHD, high-risk group of Minnesota score, and infection or impaired function of important organs.
Acute Disease ; Adult ; Basiliximab/therapeutic use* ; Child ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease/drug therapy* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects* ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Steroids/therapeutic use*

Objective:To compare the detection success rates (DSRs) of different kinds of near-infrared spectrum non-invasive hemoglobin monitors in high-altitude environments.Methods:One hundred and forty-four healthy volunteers of either sex, aged 18-50 yr, were assigned to one of 3 groups using a random number table method: simulated high-altitude 3 500 meter group ( n=35), 4 000 meter group ( n=55) and 4 500 meter group ( n=54). Hemoglobin was detected by Radical-7, NW-9002SHM, A5 and TensorTip MTX type hemoglobin monitors in plain environment and simulated environment at different altitudes, and the DSRs were compared.Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the risk factors affecting the success rate of instrument detection, and the cut-off value was determined by ROC curve and the Youden index. Results:In the simulated high-altitude environment of 3500, 4000 and 4500 m, the DSR of TensorTip MTX was significantly higher than that of Radical-7, NW-9002SHM and A5 ( P<0.001), and there was no significant difference in the DSR among Radical-7, NW-9002SHM and A5 ( P>0.05). Low SpO 2 was the main factor affecting the DSRs of the Radical-7, NW-9002SHM and A5 type hemoglobin monitor in high-altitude environment ( P<0.001), and the cut-off value of SpO 2 in determining the success of detection was 88.5%, 87.5% and 89.5%, respectively.The DSR of TensorTip MTX was not affected by low SpO 2. Conclusions:The DSR of TensorTip MTX hemoglobin monitor is minimally affected by the high-altitude environment and can be preferred in the absence of oxygen supply; when Radical-7, NW-9002SHM or A5 hemoglobin monitor applied in high-altitude environments, oxygen saturation needs to be increased to ensure a high DSR.

Red, white, blue, green, and yellow lights were applied to investigate their effects on folate accumulation in wheat seedlings. The different lights, especially red light, significantly increased the total folate content. Total folate showed maximum accumulation under 30 μmol/(m

[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the effect of metformin on the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) of doxorubicin-induced gastric cancer BGC823 cells. Methods: Human gastric cancer BGC823 cells were cultured in vitro and treated with doxorubicin at gradient concentrations (50, 100, 150 and 200 nmol/L). Cell senescence was detected by SA-β-gal staining, and SASP factor expression was detected by ELISA. The effects of metformin on cell senescence and SASP factor secretion induced by doxorubicin (100 nmol/L) were observed by adding gradient concentrations of metformin (0, 5, 10 and 20 mmol/L). Results: With the increase of doxorubicin concentration and treatment time, the senescence rate of gastric cancer BGC823 cells increased first and then decreased. At 96 h after 100 nmol/L doxorubicin treatment, the peak aging rate reached 68.7%, accompanied with significantly increased expressions of SASP factors IL-1a, IL-6, IL-8 and CXCL1. The proportion of senescent cells was (55.2±1.9)%, (48.7±2.2)% and (40.8±2.3)% respectively under the effects of 5, 10 and 20 mmol/L metformin, which was significantly lower than that in the non-metformin treatment group (P< 0.01). At the same time, with the increase of metformin concentration, the production of SASP factors IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8 and CXCL1 showed a gradient decline. Compared with the non-metformin treatment group, IL-6 and IL-8 decreased significantly under the effect of metformin above 10 mmol/L (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while IL-1α and CXCL1 decreased significantly under the effect of 20 mmol/L metformin (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Metformin can inhibit the senescence and SASP production of gastric cancer cells induced by doxorubicin.