Objective:To analyze the association between inflammation-related dietary patterns and the risk for cognitive impairment in older adults aged ≥65 years in longevity areas in China by using reduced rank regression (RRR) analysis.Methods:This study used cross-sectional data from the 2021 Healthy Aging and Biomarkers Cohort Study, including the information about study participants' demographic characteristics, lifestyles, daily life activities, and disease histories. Dietary intake was obtained by using a simplified food frequency questionnaire. Cognitive impairment was evaluated based on the Mini-Mental State Examination Scale combined with years of education. Fasting venous blood samples were collected to detect inflammatory markers, especially high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR). RRR analysis was used to obtain inflammation-related dietary patterns using hs-CRP and PLR as response variables. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between dietary pattern score and the risk for cognitive impairment. Restricted cubic spline was used to explore the dose response relationship, and mediation analysis was used to quantify the mediating effects of hs-CRP and PLR.Results:Two dietary patterns were identified with RRR. The primary pattern was characterized by higher intakes of flour, red meat, and dairy products, and lower intake of fresh vegetables, explaining 6.84% of the variance in food intake and 0.50% of the variance in inflammatory markers. Compared with the T1 group, the T3 group had significantly higher risk for cognitive impairment ( OR=1.242, 95% CI: 1.034-1.491). Each one standard deviation increase in the dietary pattern score was associated with an 8.7% increase in the risk for cognitive impairment ( OR=1.087, 95% CI: 1.008-1.172), with a significant linear trend (overall-model P<0.001, non-linear P=0.295). Mediation analysis indicated that hs-CRP mediated 6.2% of the association between the dietary pattern and the risk for cognitive impairment. Conclusion:The inflammation- related dietary pattern characterized by higher consumption of flour, red meat, and dairy products and lower consumption of fresh vegetables is associated with an increased risk for cognitive impairment in older adults, and hs-CRP partially mediates this association.

Objective To develop an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method(UPLC-MS/MS)for the determination of nirmatrelvir concentration in mouse plasma.Methods The ACQUITY UPLC system was used in tandem with an API 4000 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer.The analytical column was Waters BEH C18(2.1 mm×5.0 mm,1.7 μm)column,and the mobile phases consisted of water(containing 0.1％formic acid)and methanol(containing 0.1％formic acid)under gradient elution at the flow rate of 0.4 mL·min-1.The column temperature was set at 40 ℃,and the injection volume was 5 μL.Electrospray ionization was used as ion source,and positive multiple reaction monitoring mode was adopted to quantitatively analyze the ionization pairs m/z 500.3→110.3(nirmatrelvir)and m/z 237.3→193.3(carbamazepine).Carbamazepine was employed as an internal standard.Results The linear range of nirmatrelvir was from 10 ng·mL-1 to 2 560 ng·mL-1.For the quality control nirmatrelvir samples,the accuracies of intra-and inter-batch were less than±15％,and the precisions of intra-and inter-batch were lower than 15％.Nirmatrelvir in plasma was stable at room temperature for 24 h and remained stable after three freeze-thaw cycles.The extracted nirmatrelvir solution could be stored at 4℃ for 3 d without any visible change.Conclusion The method was characterized by good specificity,high sensitivity,and appropriate linear range.The methodological validation was in accordance with the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and could be applied to the quantitative detection of nirmatrelvir in plasma.

Objective:To analyze the association between inflammation-related dietary patterns and the risk for cognitive impairment in older adults aged ≥65 years in longevity areas in China by using reduced rank regression (RRR) analysis.Methods:This study used cross-sectional data from the 2021 Healthy Aging and Biomarkers Cohort Study, including the information about study participants' demographic characteristics, lifestyles, daily life activities, and disease histories. Dietary intake was obtained by using a simplified food frequency questionnaire. Cognitive impairment was evaluated based on the Mini-Mental State Examination Scale combined with years of education. Fasting venous blood samples were collected to detect inflammatory markers, especially high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR). RRR analysis was used to obtain inflammation-related dietary patterns using hs-CRP and PLR as response variables. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between dietary pattern score and the risk for cognitive impairment. Restricted cubic spline was used to explore the dose response relationship, and mediation analysis was used to quantify the mediating effects of hs-CRP and PLR.Results:Two dietary patterns were identified with RRR. The primary pattern was characterized by higher intakes of flour, red meat, and dairy products, and lower intake of fresh vegetables, explaining 6.84% of the variance in food intake and 0.50% of the variance in inflammatory markers. Compared with the T1 group, the T3 group had significantly higher risk for cognitive impairment ( OR=1.242, 95% CI: 1.034-1.491). Each one standard deviation increase in the dietary pattern score was associated with an 8.7% increase in the risk for cognitive impairment ( OR=1.087, 95% CI: 1.008-1.172), with a significant linear trend (overall-model P<0.001, non-linear P=0.295). Mediation analysis indicated that hs-CRP mediated 6.2% of the association between the dietary pattern and the risk for cognitive impairment. Conclusion:The inflammation- related dietary pattern characterized by higher consumption of flour, red meat, and dairy products and lower consumption of fresh vegetables is associated with an increased risk for cognitive impairment in older adults, and hs-CRP partially mediates this association.

Objective To develop an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method(UPLC-MS/MS)for the determination of nirmatrelvir concentration in mouse plasma.Methods The ACQUITY UPLC system was used in tandem with an API 4000 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer.The analytical column was Waters BEH C18(2.1 mm×5.0 mm,1.7 μm)column,and the mobile phases consisted of water(containing 0.1％formic acid)and methanol(containing 0.1％formic acid)under gradient elution at the flow rate of 0.4 mL·min-1.The column temperature was set at 40 ℃,and the injection volume was 5 μL.Electrospray ionization was used as ion source,and positive multiple reaction monitoring mode was adopted to quantitatively analyze the ionization pairs m/z 500.3→110.3(nirmatrelvir)and m/z 237.3→193.3(carbamazepine).Carbamazepine was employed as an internal standard.Results The linear range of nirmatrelvir was from 10 ng·mL-1 to 2 560 ng·mL-1.For the quality control nirmatrelvir samples,the accuracies of intra-and inter-batch were less than±15％,and the precisions of intra-and inter-batch were lower than 15％.Nirmatrelvir in plasma was stable at room temperature for 24 h and remained stable after three freeze-thaw cycles.The extracted nirmatrelvir solution could be stored at 4℃ for 3 d without any visible change.Conclusion The method was characterized by good specificity,high sensitivity,and appropriate linear range.The methodological validation was in accordance with the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and could be applied to the quantitative detection of nirmatrelvir in plasma.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Early screening based on computed tomography (CT) pulmonary nodule detection is an important means to reduce lung cancer mortality, and in recent years three dimensional convolutional neural network (3D CNN) has achieved success and continuous development in the field of lung nodule detection. We proposed a pulmonary nodule detection algorithm by using 3D CNN based on a multi-scale attention mechanism. Aiming at the characteristics of different sizes and shapes of lung nodules, we designed a multi-scale feature extraction module to extract the corresponding features of different scales. Through the attention module, the correlation information between the features was mined from both spatial and channel perspectives to strengthen the features. The extracted features entered into a pyramid-similar fusion mechanism, so that the features would contain both deep semantic information and shallow location information, which is more conducive to target positioning and bounding box regression. On representative LUNA16 datasets, compared with other advanced methods, this method significantly improved the detection sensitivity, which can provide theoretical reference for clinical medicine.
Algorithms ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging* ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/methods* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods*

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effect of bortezomib (PS-341) on enterovirus replication. Methods: The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was used to value cell viability in response to PS-341 treatment. The protein and viral gene mRNAs were measured by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). Results: Our result show that after enterovirus (EV)-D68 or coxsackievirus B3 (CV-B3) infected cells were treated with PS-341, compared with the control group, the inhibition rate of the intracellular viral RNA reached 50%~70% or 60%~90%. PS-341 was added after RD cells were infectd with EV-D68, the intracellular virus titer was down-regulated by 90.23% and 83.40% in the supernatant, the intracellular virus titer was down-regulated by 93% and 90% in the supernatant and in RD cells. PS-341 had no effect on virus adsorption and importing. The cells were treated with PS-341 and apoptosis-inhibiting agent Ac-YVAD-CHO, the viral RNA replication inhibition rate reached 10%-30%, and the expression of viral protein was increased, which indicated that the inhibitory effect of PS-341 on viral replication was attenuated. Conclusions According to the result of the study, PS-341 could reduce apoptosis by regulating the proteasome pathway, inhibiting the gene replication and assemble, without effect on virus adsorption, entry and release. In addition, PS-341 also inhibited the replication of CV-B3 in cells, which suggest that PS-341 has a broad spectrum anti-EVs effects.

Objective:To study the in vitro antimicrobial activity of traditional Chinese medicine herbal pair of euphorbia humifusa Willd. and portulaca oleracea L. . Methods: The antibacterial effect in vitro of the traditional Chinese medicine herbal pair and the single herb of euphorbia humifusa Willd. and portulaca oleracea L. was studied on staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli and pseudo-monas aeruginosa by the 2-fold dilution method and the broth micro-dilution method in a 96-well plate. The minimum inhibitory con-centration ( MIC) , minimum bactericidal concentration ( MBC) and the diameter of inhibition zone were determined. Results:The ex-perimental strains showed the different sensitivity among the traditional Chinese medicine herbal pair and the single herb. The antibac-terial and bactericidal activity of the traditional Chinese medicine herbal pair was the most obvious(P<0. 05). As the temperature in-creasing, the antibacterial activity of all water extract on different experimental strains changed. The results of MIC and MBC showed that the effects of water extract on escherichia coli were strongest, that of stapphylococcus aureus were secong, ant that of pseudomonas aeruginosa were relatively weak. Conclusion:The traditional Chinese medicine herbal pair of euphorbia humifusa Willd. and portulaca oleracea L. has antibacterial and bactericidal activity in varying degrees on the experimental strains with some differences, and the changes in the application forms of traditional Chinese medicines has great influence on the antibacterial and bactericidal ability.

Objective:To evaluate the toxic effect of 3 different gingival retraction cords.Methods:DMEMextraction of DL-adren-aline HCl,aluminium sulphate and non-drug retraction cords with the extraction time of 5,10,15 and 30 min were respectively pre-pared and were used to culture human gingival fibroblasts(HGFs)in vitro respectively.Cell proliferation was tested by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was examined by Annexin/PI method.Results:The 3 gingival retraction cord extractions inhibited the roliferation,pro-moted the apoptosis of HGFs(P <0.05),the effects were related to the extraction time.Conclusion:The 3 retraction cords have time-dependant cytotoxity.

Objective To explore the significance of treadmill exercise test (TET) in identifying left main coronary artery(LMD) obstruction from proximal left anterior descending(LAD) obstruction.Methods Patients with positive in the TET of the Central Hospital of Dalian from Jan.2008 to Dec.2013 were enrolled in this study and they were divided into LMD group with 21 cases and LAD group with 35 cases according to the results of coronary angiography.Retrospectively study was conducted to analyze the exercise time,the start time of ST segment change,the lead of ST segment between groups.Results Lead aVR ST segment elevation(≥0.10 mV) was 85.7％ (18/21) in the LMD group and 62.9％ (22/35) in the LAD group.Lead aVR ST segment elevation in the LM group was ((0.16 ± 0.07) mV,higher than in the LAD group ((0.11 ± 0.07) mV ; t =2.614,P ＜ 0.05).Accompany ST segment depression of leads and cumulative ST segment depression were (5.7 ±1.7) pcs and (1.13 ±0.42) mV in LMD group,significantly higher than those of LAD group((4.6 ± ± 1.8) pcs and (0.87 ± 0.32) mV ; t =2.314,2.634,P ＜ 0.05).The occurrence rate of ST segment depression (≥0.10 mV) in leads V2 and V6 were 33.3％ (7/21) and 90.5％ (19/21) in LM group,significantly higher than that in LAD group (11.4％ (4/35) and 62.9 ％ (22/35) ; x2 =3.990,5.105 ;P ＜ 0..05).The start time of ST segment deviation of LM group was significantly earlier than that of LAD group ((199.8 ± 70.8) s vs.(273.7 ± 127.3) s;t =-2.787,P ＜ 0.01).The differences were not statistically significant in terms of the exercise time between groups ((315.0 ± 120.0) s vs.(376.1 ± 110.0) s;t =-1.948;P ＞ 0.05),the rate for achieving target heart rate(33.3％ (7/21) vs.48.6％ (17/35) ; x2 =1.244 ; P ＞ 0.05) and the Duke score ((-11.8 ±7.2) vs.(-8.4 ±6.8) ;t =-1:772;P＞0.05).Conclusion Compare with patients with the LAD disease,ST segment elevation of lead aVR is significantly higher induced by treadmill exercise test in patients with left main disease.Meanwhile,the lead accompanied with ST segment depression is significantly higher,and the start time of ST segment deviation is significantly earlier.