Objective:To investigate the risk factors for cough-variant asthma (CVA) based on logistic regression analysis.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 150 patients with CVA (observation group) and 135 patients without CVA (control group) who received treatment at the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Puyang Oilfield General Hospital from January 2021 to January 2024. The risk factors for CVA were screened.Results:Compared with the control group, the observation group showed significantly higher proportions of patients with respiratory tract infections [24.00% (36/150) vs. 10.37% (14/135), χ2= 9.12, P = 0.003], a history of allergic rhinitis [23.33% (35/150) vs. 8.89% (12/135), χ2 = 10.77, P = 0.001], a history of allergic dermatitis [18.67% (28/150) vs. 5.93% (8/135), χ2 = 10.45, P = 0.001], and a first-degree family history of allergies [32.67% (49/150) vs. 15.56% (21/135), χ2 = 11.23, P < 0.001], Additionally, a higher percentage of patients in the observation group had elevated levels of interleukin-1 [32.00% (48/150) vs. 8.89% (12/135), χ2 = 22.83, P < 0.001]. There were no statistically significant differences in gender, body mass index, oxygen environment, or pet ownership between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that respiratory tract infection [ OR = 1.958, 95% CI: (1.182, 2.658)], allergic rhinitis history [ OR = 3.022, 95% CI: (3.310, 4.316)], allergic dermatitis history ( OR = 3.313, 95% CI: (3.893, 4.725)], first-degree family history [ OR = 5.023, 95% CI: (7.312, 8.138)], and elevated interleukin-1 levels ( OR = 3.050, 95% CI: (2.734, 3.365)] were risk factors for the occurrence of CVA. Conclusions:Respiratory tract infection, allergic rhinitis history, allergic dermatitis history, first-degree family history, and elevated interleukin-1 levels are risk factors for the occurrence of CVA.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors for cough-variant asthma (CVA) based on logistic regression analysis.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 150 patients with CVA (observation group) and 135 patients without CVA (control group) who received treatment at the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Puyang Oilfield General Hospital from January 2021 to January 2024. The risk factors for CVA were screened.Results:Compared with the control group, the observation group showed significantly higher proportions of patients with respiratory tract infections [24.00% (36/150) vs. 10.37% (14/135), χ2= 9.12, P = 0.003], a history of allergic rhinitis [23.33% (35/150) vs. 8.89% (12/135), χ2 = 10.77, P = 0.001], a history of allergic dermatitis [18.67% (28/150) vs. 5.93% (8/135), χ2 = 10.45, P = 0.001], and a first-degree family history of allergies [32.67% (49/150) vs. 15.56% (21/135), χ2 = 11.23, P < 0.001], Additionally, a higher percentage of patients in the observation group had elevated levels of interleukin-1 [32.00% (48/150) vs. 8.89% (12/135), χ2 = 22.83, P < 0.001]. There were no statistically significant differences in gender, body mass index, oxygen environment, or pet ownership between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that respiratory tract infection [ OR = 1.958, 95% CI: (1.182, 2.658)], allergic rhinitis history [ OR = 3.022, 95% CI: (3.310, 4.316)], allergic dermatitis history ( OR = 3.313, 95% CI: (3.893, 4.725)], first-degree family history [ OR = 5.023, 95% CI: (7.312, 8.138)], and elevated interleukin-1 levels ( OR = 3.050, 95% CI: (2.734, 3.365)] were risk factors for the occurrence of CVA. Conclusions:Respiratory tract infection, allergic rhinitis history, allergic dermatitis history, first-degree family history, and elevated interleukin-1 levels are risk factors for the occurrence of CVA.

Objective:To investigate the current situation and analyze the influencing factors of job satisfaction of infectious disease physicians in Jiangsu Province.Methods:From April to May 2021, a stratified random sampling method was used to select 10 municipal level infectious disease hospitals in Jiangsu province. An electronic questionnaire survey was conducted on the infectious disease physicians of these hospitals using an online questionnaire platform. The questionnaire mainly included the job satisfaction scale developed by Greenhaus and Wormley, and a self-designed job satisfaction influencing factor scale based on resource conservation theory. At the same time, semi-structured interviews were made with relevant insiders on such issues as salary and benefits, and career development among others. Descriptive analysis was conducted on the questionnaire data, while single factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to identify the factors that affect their job satisfaction, and the results of the interviews were studied with Colaizzi 7-step analysis.Results:A total of 457 valid questionnaires were recovered. The job satisfaction score of infectious disease physicians was (3.38±0.76). The results of univariate analysis showed significant differences in job satisfaction scores among infectious disease physicians of different ages, educational backgrounds, professional titles, and positions. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that salary and benefits ( B=0.141, P<0.001), work environment ( B=0.128, P<0.001), leadership support ( B=0.112, P=0.014), development security ( B=0.117, P<0.001), self-efficacy ( B=0.084, P=0.045) and social support ( B=0.285, P<0.001) were both influencing factors of their job satisfaction. The interview results identified such problems as low salary, insufficient salary security, large gap in social security levels between in-staff and off-staff physicians, and insufficient career development potential. Conclusions:The job satisfaction of infectious disease physicians in Jiangsu Province was found at an average level. It is recommended that the government increase the investment in personnel expenses for infectious disease physicians, optimize the salary and benefits structure, pay attention to the career development needs of middle-aged and young physicians, and care about the social relationship needs of infectious disease physicians to improve their job satisfaction.

【Objective】 To analyze the influencing factors of blood re-donation among street voluntary blood donors in Nanjing, and to provide basis for increasing the proportion of blood donation/donors. 【Methods】 29 650 street voluntary blood donors in Nanjing from May 21, 2017 to May 21, 2018 in the information management system of Nanjing Red Cross Blood Center were taken as the sampling population, and 2 965 (10%) were randomly selected to ask whether they donated again and reasons by telephone calls. They were divided into re-donation group and lapsed group.The demographic variables and donation frequency of street blood donors in the two groups were analyzed and compared by Chi-square test, and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of re-donation of blood donors. 【Results】 The response rate of this survey was 63.37% (1 879/2 965), and the re-donation rate of street blood donors in Nanjing from May 2017 to May 2018 was 40.34% (758/1 879), which was lower than the re-donation rate of global blood donors as 50%. The primary motivation for street blood donors in Nanjing to donate blood again was "help others", accounted for 62.27% (472/758), and the primary deterrent to redonate blood again was "too busy to donate blood", accounted for 49.15% (551/1 121). 【Conclusion】 There is a certain gap between the rate of blood re-donation in Nanjing and worldwide, therefore, further incentive measures are needed and flexible recruitment and blood donation methods should be adopted to facilitate blood donation for donors.

The efficacy of the standard first-line chemotherapy regimen for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has reached a plateau.Study confirmed that chemotherapy drugs and molecular targeted drug maintenance treatment can prolong the survival of patients with advanced NSCLC.Immunotherapy has become a maintenance treatment for advanced NSCLC,and further research is needed to confirm its efficacy.

Xanthone and its derivatives occupy a large part of the family of natural polyphenolic compounds with various biological and pharmacological activities.In recent years (from 2006 to 2011),it was reported that 127 xanthones were discovered from plants and fungi using various modem separation methods including silica gel/polyamide column chromatography,HPLC,high-speed counter-current chromatography,high-performance centrifugal partition chromatography,etc.Since total synthesis and structure modification for xanthone and its derivatives have been given attention worldwide,we introduced the synthetic methods of xanthone skeletons as well.Unfortunately,to date,there are still weaknesses in current methods of separation and synthesis,which need to be improved.This review,to a certain extent,provides necessary foundation for the further research and development of medicines containing xanthone and its derivatives.

BACKGROUND: Type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen, the main components of cardiac stroma,have supporting,protective and restrictive effects on myocardial cells. They are essential for the heart to maintain its normal shape and function. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of types Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen on cardiac function by observing their changes in atrium myocardium of children with ventricular septal defect (VSD). DESIGN: A case analysis. SETTTING: Department of Cytobiology, Xinxiang Medical College. PARTICIPANTS: Six children who had died from accidents were selected from the Pediatric Department of the First Affiliated Hospital,Xinxiang Medical College, between January and August 2003. Informed consent was obtained form their relatives. They were 4 males and 2 females,ranging from 1 to 15 years in age. Congenital heart diseases were excluded by naked-eye anatomical examination,and right atrium tissues were collected for the study. Meanwhile, 21 children with VSD, 12 males and 9 females aged 1-17 years,were recruited from the Department of Cardiac-thoracic Surgery of the same hospital. METHODS:A small amount of fresh myocardium was cut from the right atrium at the edge of incision. Peroxidase-labeled strepto-avidin immunohistochemical method was adopted to detect the expression of types Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen protein in atrium myocardium, which was analyzed using image analysis to calculate the area composition ratio of type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen in atrium myocardium(representing the relative area percentage of collagen protein) and area percentage (representingthe expression percentage of collagen protein). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Expression of typeⅠand type Ⅲ collagen protein in atrium myocardium. RESULTS: Six normal controls and 21 patients with VSD entered the final statistical analysis. ① Type Ⅰcollagen of normal atrium was strip-like fibers with different diameters connected with each other,whereas type Ⅲ collagen was scattered in spots and pieces. ② The distribution of type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen of atrium in VSD patients was mostly similar to that of the normal controls; only part of them displayed extreme rearrangement, that is,type Ⅰcollagen presenting large-speckle increment,breakage or disappearance, while type Ⅲ collagen increased in stripes and bundles. ③ The area percentage and area composition ratio of type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen:type Ⅰ collagen expressed more than type Ⅲ collagen in normal myocardium [area percentage: (48.82±12.35)％ vs (40.02±13.53)％, t=2.173, P ＜ 0.05;area composition: (15.87±6.03) μm2 vs (13.62 6.94) μm2, t=2.221, P ＜ 0.05].Likewise, type Ⅰ collagen expressed more highly than type Ⅲ collagen in VSD myocardium [area percentage: (55.37±10.42)％ vs (50.27±14.36) ％,t=2.173, P ＜ 0.05; area composition: (24.93±9.62) μm2 vs (19.22 12.03) μm2,t=2.221, P＜ 0.05]. The content of both type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen in VSD children was obviously higher than that in normal children(t=2.153-2.234,P ＜ 0.05). CONCLUSION: In children with VSD, part of type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen is found rearranged and increased in atrium, which may result from the interstitial compensation due to cardiac dysfunction.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of 2000 ArthroCare System in knee arthroscopic surgery. Methods 221 cases of knee problems were treated with 2000ArthroCare System. The disorders of the 221 cases diagnosed by the arthroscopy were as follows: 73 cases of osteoarthritis, 49 meniscus tear, 29 degenerative cartilage injury, 11 plica synovitis, 11 Kaschin Beck disease, 8 ACL, 5 osteochondritis dissecans, and 2 TKA brisement. The operative procedures, such as meniscectomy, meniscoplasty, fitting of cartilage and ligament, synovectomy, and release of lateral patellar retinaculum, were done with 2000ArthroCare System and arthroscopy. Results The Lysholm Knee scores were 43.92 preoperatively, 81.96 three months postoperatively, and 92.06 six months postoperatively. Conclusion Knee problems can be effectively released with 2000 ArthroCare system vaporization under arthroscopic guidance. The advantages of this procedure are very limited tissue damage, mild reaction, less blood loss, early rehabilitation, and fine functional recovery.

Objective To summarize twenty year experience in the surgical treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma(H CC) and explore the effective measuers for increase in resectional rate and reducing operative morbidity and mortality of H CC. Methods Clinicopathological data of 201 patients with H CC treated surgically in our center between 1978 and 1997 were analysed retrospectively. The resection rate, operative morbidity and mortality of the patients before and after December 1990 were compared. Results Of the 201 patients, 97 underwent resection(redical resection in 51; palliative in 46), 84 subjected to internal or external drainage and 20 only laparotomy. In 75 followed up patients, the 1,3,5 year survival rate was 95.45%, 40.91%, 13.64% in radical resection group, and 55%, 10%, 0% in palliative resection group respectively; whereas in unresectional internal and external drainage group, 1 year survival rate was 36%, noone survived for more than 3 years. All the patients with only laparotomy died within 3 months after operation. Comparation of the two stages revealed that the resection rate had been increased from 34.95% before December 1990 to 62.24% after December 1990, and the radical resection rate from 15.53% to 35.71%, meanwhile the operative morbidity and mortality decreased from 39.80% and 17.84% to 18.37% and 6.12% respectively. Conclusions Radical resection plays an important role for improving long term survival rate in patients with H CC. Appropriately perioperative care can reduce the operative morbidity and mortality.

Objective To investigate expressional pattern of the Connexin 43 in atrial myocytes of ventricular septal defect children. Methods The expressional role of the Connexin 43 in atrial myocytes of ventricular septal defect children were observed and determinated by immunohistochemistry and digital image analysis technology. Results 1.The Connexin 43 granules of 1-3 year-old-group normal children were mainly distributed on cell side surface,which took on beening spot-,belt-or chain-shaped,but seldom at intercalated disks. The Connexin 43 of 7-16 year-old-group normal children were abundantly distributed on cell side surface and intercalated disks. 2.The Connexin 43 of 1-3 year-old-group ventricular septal defect children were not noly distributed on cell side surface but could be detected at intercalated disks and cytoplasm,a few granules were irregular in arrangement.The Connexin 43 of 7-16 year-old-group ventricular septal defect children were distributed on cell side surface and in cytoplasm but seldom existed at intercalated disks,and arranged in irregular order. 3.The experimental results showed insignificant difference in the expressional amount of the Connexin 43 in atrial myocytes between the ventricular septal defect children and normal children. Conclusion The Cx 43 distributional pattern in atrial myocytes of ventricular septal defect children was changed,but its expressional amount was indistinct,which suggested that ventricular septal defect affected only the Cx43 expressional pattern.