Objective To analyze the lung function condition and the prevalence of pulmonary ventilation disorders in the occupational population of Wuhan, and to explore their influencing factors. Methods Physical examination data from the Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases were used in this study, and finally 9499 people were selected as the study subjects. The linear regression model and logistic regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors of pulmonary ventilation function and pulmonary dysfunction. The restricted cubic spline was used to explore the nonlinear relationship. Results The prevalence of pulmonary ventilation disorders was 1.7%, and the lung function indexes FVC, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC were significantly lower in the population aged >27 years than in the population aged <27 years (P<0.001). The lung function indexes FVC and FEV1 were significantly lower in females than in males (P<0.001). The lung function indexes FVC and FEV1 were significantly lower in underweight occupational groups than in normal-weight groups (P<0.001), and FVC and FEV1 were significantly lower in dust-exposed occupational groups than in groups without dust exposure(P<0.05). Restricted cubic spline plots showed a nonlinear relationship between age and lung function indexes FVC and FEV1 (P_nonlinear< 0.05). Age and BMI were the risk factors for pulmonary ventilation disorders. Conclusion Age, gender, BMI, and dust exposure are risk factors for decreased FVC and FEV1. Age is the risk factor for decreased FEV1/FVC. Age and BMI are the risk factors for pulmonary ventilation disorders.

Objective To determine the effect of isopsoralen(ISO)on the healing of tibia fracture in mice and explore its underlying mechanism.Methods Fifty male C57BL/6 mice(2 month old,20±2 g)were randomly divided into model group and ISO treatment group,with 25 animals in each group.From the 3rd day after modeling,the mice from the ISO group were given an intragastric gavage of 40 mg/kg ISO,once per day for 28 consecutive days,while those of the model group was given same volume of normal saline in same way.On the 7th,14th,21st,and 28th day after gavage,the tibia on the surgical side was taken,and the fracture area was quantified by bone volume/total volume(BV/TV)after micro-CT scanning.The healing and shaping of the fracture end were observed through HE staining.ELISA was used to detect the serum contents of bone alkaline phosphatase(BALP)and procollagen type I N-terminal peptide(PINP)on the 14th day of gavage.Western blotting was employed to determine the expression levels of Collagen Ⅰ,Runx2,BMP2,OSX,and VEGF in the tibial callus tissue in 7 and 14 d after gavage.Vascular perfusion was applied to observe the callus microvessels in 28 d to quantitatively analyze the vascular volume fraction and vessel diameter.Immunohistochemical staining was conducted to observe the expression of VEGF in the callus in 14 d after gavage.Results HE staining displayed that the ISO group had faster healing process than the model group.Micro-CT quantification results showed that the ISO group had higher BV/TV ratio in 7 d after gavage though no statistical difference,significantly higher ratio in 14 d(P＜0.05),but obviously lower ratio in 21 and 28 d after gavage(both P＜0.05)when compared with the model group.The serum contents of BALP and PINP were also remarkably higher in the ISO group than the model group(P＜0.05).Western blotting results indicated that the expression levels of Collagen Ⅰ,Runx2,BMP2,OSX and VEGF in the ISO group were higher than those in the model group(P＜0.05).The results of angiography revealed that the vascular volume fraction and vessel diameter were notably increased in the ISO group than the model group(both P＜0.05).Immunohistochemical assay showed that the expression of VEGF was higher in the ISO group than the model group(P＜0.05).Conclusion ISO can improve the activity of osteoblasts,increase the expression of osteogenesis-related proteins,and accelerate the angiogenesis to promote fracture healing.

This article introduces the occupational disease diagnosis of work-related musculoskeletal disorders such as lumbar and spinal injuries in Germany, and focuses on the research and standard values of the maximum pressure tolerance of intervertebral discs. This article mainly introduces the dose model limits and their applications proposed by the Mainz Dortmund Dosis model (MDD), the judgment of the German Social Court (Bundessozialgericht, BSG), and the German Spinal Research Re evaluation (Deutsche Wirbels ulentudieⅡ, DWSⅡ) ; X-ray manifestations and measurements of intervertebral disc injury; Problems in actual cases and diagnosis. In order to provide reference and inspiration for the occupational diseases diagnosis of work related musculoskeletal disorders in China.

This article introduces the occupational disease diagnosis of work-related musculoskeletal disorders such as lumbar and spinal injuries in Germany, and focuses on the research and standard values of the maximum pressure tolerance of intervertebral discs. This article mainly introduces the dose model limits and their applications proposed by the Mainz Dortmund Dosis model (MDD), the judgment of the German Social Court (Bundessozialgericht, BSG), and the German Spinal Research Re evaluation (Deutsche Wirbels ulentudieⅡ, DWSⅡ) ; X-ray manifestations and measurements of intervertebral disc injury; Problems in actual cases and diagnosis. In order to provide reference and inspiration for the occupational diseases diagnosis of work related musculoskeletal disorders in China.

Objective:To investigate the effect of sinusoidal alternating electromagnetic field(SEMF)on fracture healing and its mechanism.Methods:Femoral fracture model was established using specific pathogen free male Wistar rats.Thirty rats were randomly divided into the control and SEMF groups with 15 rats in each group.The SEMF group was given 50 Hz 1.8 mT for 90 min every day,while the control group was not treated.X-ray examinations were performed every two weeks to determine the formation of bone scabs.Three rats from both groups were sacrificed after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment.Protein was extracted from the fractured femurs,and the expression of type Ⅰ collagen(COL-1),osterix(OSX),Runt-related transcription factor 2(RUNX2),and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)was detected by Western blotting.After 8 weeks,the femur on the operated side was taken for micro-CT scanning to observe fracture healing,angiography to observe blood vessel growth,and organs such as hearts,livers,spleens,lungs,and kidneys were taken for safety evaluation by hematoxylin-eosin staining(HE staining).Results:The bone scab scores of the SEMF group were significantly higher than those of the control group after 2,4,6,and 8 weeks of treatment(all P<0.01).The fracture healing of the SEMF group was better than that of the control group after 8 weeks,and the bone volume scores of the two groups were 0.243±0.012 and 0.186±0.008,respectively(P<0.01);the number of blood vessels in the SEMF group was also more than that of the control group after 8 weeks.Western blotting results showed that the expressions of COL-1,OSX,RUNX2,and VEGF were higher in the SEMF group than those in the control group after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment(all P<0.05).HE staining showed that histopathological results of the examined organs were normal in both groups.Conclusion:SEMF can accelerate fracture healing by promoting the expression of osteogenic factors and vascular proliferation without significant adverse effects.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the actual experience and needs of family caregivers for cardiac arrest patients.Methods:Qualitative research on the real experience and needs of family caregivers in patients with cardiac arrest was electronically searched in databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase. Two researchers independently screened the literature, evaluated its quality, and integrated the research results. The search period was from database establishment to May 1, 2023.Results:A total of 15 articles were included, and 51 research results were extracted. The similar results were summarized into nine categories and integrated into three results, including sudden changes in life and substantial impacts; challenges in controlling complex emotions, and multiple psychological experiences; multidimensional needs.Conclusions:Family caregivers' actual experiences and requirements for cardiac arrest patients are diverse. Medical and nursing staff need to pay attention to the emotional experiences of family caregivers and meet their multidimensional needs.

Objective: To investigate the effects of the interaction between occupational noise exposure and arterial stiffness on blood glucose, so as to provide insights into for early prevention of diabetes among workers exposed to occupational noise. Methods: A total of 518 noise workers were selected from a tobacco plant in Wuhan City. Participants' gender, age and work duration were collected using questionnaire surveys, and participants' height and weight were measured. Blood glucose and arterial stiffness were detected, and the noise intensity was measured in working environments with a personal noise dosimeter. The effects of occupational noise exposure, arterial stiffness and their interactions on blood glucose were examined using a multiple linear regression model. Results: A total of 518 workers were included, with 398 males (76.83%), a mean age of (40.85±10.68) years, a mean working age of (19.50±12.69) years, a mean body mass index of (23.66±3.31) kg/m2, and a mean blood glucose level of (5.15±0.99) mmol/L. There were 247 workers with occupational noise exposure (47.68%) and 175 workers with arterial stiffness (33.78%). Multiple linear regression analysis showed significant associations of noise (β'=0.112) and arterial stiffness (β'=0.168) with blood glucose, and there was an additive interaction between noise and arterial stiffness on blood glucose (β'=0.314). Conclusion The interaction between occupational noise and arterial stiffness affects blood glucose.

Objective To investigate the effect of lead exposure on blood pressure of lead workers. Methods A total of 665 lead workers from some lead-acid battery enterprises in Wuhan were selected as the lead exposure group, and 708 ordinary workers without lead exposure were selected as the control group. The blood pressure in the workers of both groups was measured. The blood lead concentrations were measured in the lead-exposed group. The independent samples t-test was used to compare the blood pressure between the two groups. Linear regression model was used to analyze the relationship between the blood lead concentration and the blood pressure in the lead-exposed group. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the risk of hypertension and blood lead concentration in lead-exposed group. Results The mean values of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse in the lead exposure group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in pulse pressure difference between the two groups (P>0.05). Linear regression analysis revealed that blood lead concentrations were significantly correlated with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the lead exposure group. For each increase of 1μg/L of blood lead concentration in the lead exposure group, the systolic blood pressure of lead workers increased by 0.011 mmHg, and the diastolic blood pressure increased by 0.007 mmHg. Logistic regression analysis found that men in the lead-exposed group had a higher risk of hypertension than women. The older the age and the higher the blood lead concentration, the higher the risk of development of hypertension. Conclusion There is a positive correlation between the blood lead concentration and the systolic and diastolic blood pressure in lead workers. The older the lead worker, the higher the risk of developing high blood pressure. The higher the lead concentration in lead workers, the higher the risk of developing high blood pressure.

Objective To investigate the relationship between occupational noise exposure and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, as well as prediabetes diagnosed by HbA1c. Methods A total of 1 181 workers from a cigarette factory were selected as the research subjects using a judgment sampling method. Workers were divided into control, low-level noise exposure and high-level noise exposure groups, consisting of 236, 359, and 586 individuals, respectively. The blood sample was collected for HbA1c test and occupation noise exposure intensity in workplace was detected by an area-sampling method. Results There were no statistical significant differences in HbA1c levels and prediabetes prevalence among the three groups of workers (all P>0.05). After adjusting for potential confounding factors such as years of service, gender, smoking, pack-years of smoking, alcohol consumption, and body mass index, multiple linear regression analysis showed that the high-level noise exposure group had higher HbA1c level than the control group (P<0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis results showed that the high-level noise exposure group had higher risk of prediabetes compared with the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Occupational noise exposure could be a risk factor for the increased HbA1c levels and prediabetes incidence among the occupational population. More attention should be paid to the effects of occupational noise exposure on the HbA1c level in occupational health surveillance.

Objective: To investigate the thyroid functions and influencing factors among radiation workers in Wuhan City, so as to provide insights into occupational health monitoring among radiation workers. Methods : Radiation workers receiving physical examinations in Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases from January to October 2022 were enrolled, and participants' gender, age, smoking, alcohol consumption, medical history, medication use, types of occupational radiation and work duration were collected. Triiodothyronine (TT3), thyroxine (TT4), free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured using a magnetic microparticle-based chemiluminescence immunoassay. Personnel dose equivalent was monitored using thermoluminescent dosimetry, and annual cumulative radiation dose was estimated. Factors affecting thyroid function were identified using a multivariable linear regression model. Results: Totally 978 radiation workers were recruited, with a median age of 32.00 (interquartile range, 10.00) years, and including 782 men (79.96%) and 196 women (20.04%). There were 246 smokers (25.15%), 257 workers with alcohol consumption (26.28%) and 489 with a history of radiation work (50.00%). The median annual cumulative radiation dose was 0.20 (interquartile range, 0.24) mSv. The percentage of abnormal thyroid function was 14.72%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that women (OR=1.925, 95%CI: 1.061-3.490), history of radiation work (OR=2.810, 95%CI: 1.119-7.057) and involving in medical application (OR=1.915, 95%CI: 1.101-3.332) were associated with abnormal thyroid function. Conclusions The percentage of abnormal thyroid function was 14.72% among radiation workers in Wuhan City. History of exposure to ionizing radiation, types of occupational radiation and gender were main factors affecting thyroid function.