Objective To analyze the influence of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection on the risk of colorectal adenomatous polyps in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A total of 306 patients with T2DM who were treated in the hospital from April 2021 to April 2024 were enrolled as the study subjects. According to whether colorectal adenomatous polyps occurred, the enrolled patients were divided into adenomatous polyp group and non-adenomatous polyp group. The risk factors of colorectal adenomatous polyps in T2DM patients were discussed by univariate and Logistic multivariate regression analyses. The predictive value of Hp on the occurrence of colorectal adenomatous polyps was explored by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results Among 306 T2DM patients, there were 142 cases of colorectal adenomatous polyps, with an incidence rate of 46.41%. After logistic analysis, it was found that Hp infection, concurrent gallbladder disease, fatty liver, alcohol drinking history and insulin use were independent influencing factors for colorectal adenomatous polyps (OR: 5.518, 95%CI: 2.806-10.850; OR: 2.782, 95%CI: 1.406-5.502; OR: 3.702, 95%CI: 1.684-8.141; OR: 2.125, 95%CI: 1.140-3.964; OR: 5.398, 95%CI: 2.528-11.525, P<0.05). ROR curve analysis indicated that the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity of Hp infection in predicting colorectal adenomatous polyps were 0.611, 38.73% and 83.54%. Conclusion The occurrence of colorectal adenomatous polyps in patients with T2DM is affected by many factors among which Hp infection has obvious predictive value on its risk.

Objective To investigate CBX2 and TIM3 in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma(SACC)tissue and their relationship with clinical pathological features and prognosis.Methods 80 patients with SACC who underwent surgical treatment in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from January 2016 to January 2020 were selected.Immunohistochemistry was used to measure CBX2 and TIM3 in tissues.The relationship between CBX2 and TIM3 in SACC tissue and prognosis was discussed though Kaplan-Meier method.The factors influencing the prognosis of SACC were discussed using multivariate Cox regression.Results The positive rates of CBX2 and TIM3 in SACC tissues were clearly higher than those in normal glandular tissues adjacent to cancer(χ2=11.237,8.229,P<0.05).The CBX2 and TIM3 were associated with nerve invasion and distant metastasis(P<0.05).After a 5-year follow-up,26 cases died and 54 cases survived,with an overall 5-year survival rate of 67.50%(54/80).The death group had higher positive rates of CBX2 and TIM3 in SACC tissues than the survival group(P<0.05).Patients with positive CBX2 and TIM3 in SACC tissues had clearly lower 5-year survival rate than patients with negative CBX2 and TIM3(Log Rank χ2=6.564,5.197,P<0.05).CBX2,TIM3 positivity,nerve invasion,and distant metastasis were risk factors affecting prognosis(P<0.05).Conclusion The positive expression of CBX2 and TIM3 in SACC tissues is closely related to the clinical pathological features and prognosis of patients.

Objective The mouse autologous tumor model H22 is more valuable for tumor immunological-related research.This paper aims to establish mouse hepatic tumor cell line(H22-luc2-tdT)that stably express the tan-dem-dimer tomato(tdTomato)and luciferase genes.Establish an in vivo imaging model of cell line derived trans-planted tumors.Methods Using transplanted H22 tumor tissue,primary culture and continuous passage in vitro were performed to establish a continuous cell line.Cell proliferation,chromosome analysis,organoid culture,tumorigenicity,HE and ICH of aFP,CK7,CK15 were performed to charaterize the cell line.Then the luc2-tdT plasmid was transfected into H22 cells of P22,flow cytometry and in vitro/in vivo imaging were employed to screen and verify fluorescence expression.Mycoplasma detection and species verification of the established cell lines were performed.Results The H22 cells had been continuously passaged over 50 times.The cells of passsge 22(P22)were transplanted subcutaneously and intraperitoneally into C57 and Kunming mice,with a 100%tumor formation.The HE morphology of subcutaneous transplanted tumor were consistent with the original tumor.CK+/AFP+proved that it was of liver cancer origin.The H22 cells were hypo-triploid with a modal number of 40-44 chromosomes and telocentromeres,verifing its mouse origin.The latent phase for in vitro growth of H22 lasted from d0 to d3,while the exponential phaes d3 to d5,and reach plateou at d6.Successful transfection of H22 cells with the luc2-tdT were observed with in vitro/in vivo 100%fluorescence positivity,thus named H22-luc2-tdT.The transplanted tumor tissue of H22 cells could be primarily cultured to form organoids.The detection of Mycoplasma was negative,and its mouse origin confirmed by PCR.Conclusions H22 and H22-luc2-tdT cell lines are established and characterized,which can be used for the establishment and application of in vitro and in vivo liver cancer research and metastatic cell tracking.These cell lines are deposited at and can obtain from the National Biomedical Cell Resource Center(http://www.cellresource.cn).

Objective To establish primary and simian virus 40(SV40)T antigen transformed human vascular en-dothelial cell models,and provide available resources for endothelial research.Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC),human umbilical artery endothelial cells(HUAEC),great saphenous vein endothelial cells(GSVEC)and endothelial cells form endometrium and liver tissue were isolated and cultured respectively.Then,the primary endothelial cells were transformed by lentivirus containing SV40 big T and small T antigens,and continuously subcultured in vitro.The expression of CD31 was detected by flow cytometry,species identification-and mycoplasma detection by PCR,and cell identity was identified by STR detection.The transformed ECs were checked for HLA types.Some of them were tested for RNA expression profile and infected by Cas9 lentivirus to es-tablish stable clones.Results Totally 187 cell lines of transformed HUVEC,1 of transformed HUAEC,5 of trans-formed GSVEC,1 of transformed endothelial cells from endometrium and 1 of transformed endothelial cells from liv-er tissue,and 9 monoclonal HUVEC cell lines stably expressing Cas9 protein were established.All the transformed umbilical endothelial cells were CD31 positive ranging from 20%-90%for 20 cases,while for the rest 168 cases the positive rate was more than 90%.RNA expression revealed stable activation of cell proliferation(cell cycle and DNA synthesis).Their species were identified as human origin.The STR results were consistent with those of the primary culture and unique,and there was no mycoplasma contamination.All these cells could be obtained with the sharing services of National Science and Technology Infrastructure,the National Biomedical Cell-line Resource cen-ters(NSTI-BMCR).Conclusions A series of primary and SV40 T antigen transformed human vascular endothelial cell models have been established,which provide a tool for the study of cardiovascular diseases,inflammation,tumors and immune-related diseases.

Objective:To explore the ideological and political education elements and methods in the introduction to nursing course, so as to enhance its ideological educational effectiveness. Methods:In February 2024, based on a "three-stage" teaching model (pre-class, in-class, and post-class), this study reformed the ideological and political education plan for the introduction to nursing course by integrating online and offline case studies and resources, expanding educational materials, and organizing teaching assessments and effectiveness surveys. A semester-long ideological and political education practice was implemented for 237 first-year nursing students from four classes in Medical College of Xinjiang University of Science and Technology. The effectiveness was evaluated by exam scores and a self-designed Introduction to Nursing Teaching Effectiveness Evaluation Scale under the ideological and political education framework. Results:Among the 237 students, there were 107 males and 130 females, aged (18.50 ± 1.12) years old, 63 achieved a passing grade, 149 achieved a good grade, and 18 achieved an excellent grade, with a pass rate of 97.05% (230/237). The scores of the six dimensions of interest stimulation in teaching methods, acceptance of teaching methods, knowledge review and application, knowledge comprehension and retention, self-challenge and improvement, and satisfaction with learning outcomes within 1 week after the end of the course scores were (3.92 ± 1.11), (4.21 ± 0.82), (4.05 ± 0.97), (4.05 ± 0.89), (4.11 ± 0.94), (4.03 ± 0.90) points, which were significantly higher than 1 week before the start of the course (3.43 ± 1.00), (3.54 ± 1.03), (3.48 ± 1.08), (3.47 ± 1.04), (3.52 ± 1.05), (3.47 ± 1.01) points. The differences were statistically significant ( t values were -19.38- -13.22, all P < 0.01). Conclusions:The "three-stage" teaching model in the introduction to nursing course effectively integrates professional education with ideological and political education, improves students′ academic performance, enhances learning effectiveness in nursing practice, and strengthens the overall impact of ideological and political education.

Objective To investigate CBX2 and TIM3 in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma(SACC)tissue and their relationship with clinical pathological features and prognosis.Methods 80 patients with SACC who underwent surgical treatment in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from January 2016 to January 2020 were selected.Immunohistochemistry was used to measure CBX2 and TIM3 in tissues.The relationship between CBX2 and TIM3 in SACC tissue and prognosis was discussed though Kaplan-Meier method.The factors influencing the prognosis of SACC were discussed using multivariate Cox regression.Results The positive rates of CBX2 and TIM3 in SACC tissues were clearly higher than those in normal glandular tissues adjacent to cancer(χ2=11.237,8.229,P<0.05).The CBX2 and TIM3 were associated with nerve invasion and distant metastasis(P<0.05).After a 5-year follow-up,26 cases died and 54 cases survived,with an overall 5-year survival rate of 67.50%(54/80).The death group had higher positive rates of CBX2 and TIM3 in SACC tissues than the survival group(P<0.05).Patients with positive CBX2 and TIM3 in SACC tissues had clearly lower 5-year survival rate than patients with negative CBX2 and TIM3(Log Rank χ2=6.564,5.197,P<0.05).CBX2,TIM3 positivity,nerve invasion,and distant metastasis were risk factors affecting prognosis(P<0.05).Conclusion The positive expression of CBX2 and TIM3 in SACC tissues is closely related to the clinical pathological features and prognosis of patients.

Objective:To explore the ideological and political education elements and methods in the introduction to nursing course, so as to enhance its ideological educational effectiveness. Methods:In February 2024, based on a "three-stage" teaching model (pre-class, in-class, and post-class), this study reformed the ideological and political education plan for the introduction to nursing course by integrating online and offline case studies and resources, expanding educational materials, and organizing teaching assessments and effectiveness surveys. A semester-long ideological and political education practice was implemented for 237 first-year nursing students from four classes in Medical College of Xinjiang University of Science and Technology. The effectiveness was evaluated by exam scores and a self-designed Introduction to Nursing Teaching Effectiveness Evaluation Scale under the ideological and political education framework. Results:Among the 237 students, there were 107 males and 130 females, aged (18.50 ± 1.12) years old, 63 achieved a passing grade, 149 achieved a good grade, and 18 achieved an excellent grade, with a pass rate of 97.05% (230/237). The scores of the six dimensions of interest stimulation in teaching methods, acceptance of teaching methods, knowledge review and application, knowledge comprehension and retention, self-challenge and improvement, and satisfaction with learning outcomes within 1 week after the end of the course scores were (3.92 ± 1.11), (4.21 ± 0.82), (4.05 ± 0.97), (4.05 ± 0.89), (4.11 ± 0.94), (4.03 ± 0.90) points, which were significantly higher than 1 week before the start of the course (3.43 ± 1.00), (3.54 ± 1.03), (3.48 ± 1.08), (3.47 ± 1.04), (3.52 ± 1.05), (3.47 ± 1.01) points. The differences were statistically significant ( t values were -19.38- -13.22, all P < 0.01). Conclusions:The "three-stage" teaching model in the introduction to nursing course effectively integrates professional education with ideological and political education, improves students′ academic performance, enhances learning effectiveness in nursing practice, and strengthens the overall impact of ideological and political education.

ObjectiveTo explore the improving effects and its synergistic mechanism of Olibanum before and after processing with vinegar on glycodesoxycholic acid（GDCA） intervention in mice with ulcerative colitis（UC） based on the perspective of intestinal flora. MethodC57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into the normal group， model group， GDCA group， Olibanum group（1.5 g·kg^-1） and vinegar-processed Olibanum（1.5 g·kg^-1） group， with 6 mice in each group. Mice in the normal group drank water freely， and mice in the other groups were given 2% dextran sulfate sodium（DSS） periodically to establish a UC mouse model. During the modeling， GDCA group， Olibanum group and vinegar-processed Olibanum group were intervened by intraperitoneally injection of GDCA（0.05 g·kg^-1）. From the 13^th day after modeling， Olibanum group and vinegar-processed Olibanum group were given the corresponding doses of drugs by gavage， once a day， for 36 d. During this period， the body mass of mice was recorded and the disease activity index（DAI） was assessed. On day 48， faeces were collected for 16S rRNA and metagenomic sequencing to analyse changes in intestinal flora. On the 49^th day， hematoxylin-eosion（HE） staining was used to observe the colon histological lesions， enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was used to determine serum levels of tumour necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）， interleukin（IL）-1β and IL-6， and Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between differential bacterial species and inflammatory factor levels. ResultCompared with the normal group， the model group showed a significant decrease in body weight（P<0.01）， a significant increase in DAI（P<0.05）， and a significant increase in TNF-α， IL-1β and IL-6 levels（P<0.01）， and there was partial infiltration of inflammatory cells in the colon. Compared with the model group， mice in the GDCA group showed a significant decrease in body weight， a significant increase in DAI and levels of TNF-α， IL-1β and IL-6（P<0.01）， and severe disruption of colonic crypt structure， extensive infiltration of inflammatory cells， and a significant decrease in goblet cells. Compared with the GDCA group， both the Olibanum and vinegar-processed Olibanum groups showed a significant recovery in body weight， a significant decrease in DAI and levels of TNF-α， IL-6 and IL-1β（P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the modulating effect of vinegar-processed Olibanum was significantly better than that of Olibanum. Alpha diversity showed that Chao1 index of UC mice significantly increased（P<0.01） and Shannon index decreased significantly（P<0.05） in UC mice after GDCA intervention. Beta diversity showed that the microbial community structure of the 5 groups had significant changes， Olibanum and vinegar-processed Olibanum could modulate the changes in the structure of the intestinal flora in UC mice after GDCA intervention. Microbial sequencing results indicated that， compared with the normal group， the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in the model group was significantly higher（P<0.05）， and the relative abundance of 3 genera and 5 species of flora changed significantly（P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in the GDCA group was significantly higher（P<0.05）， the relative abundance of 7 pathogenic bacterial genera and four species was significantly increased（P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the relative abundance of three beneficial bacterial genera and Bacteroides_intestinalis was significantly decreased（P<0.05， P<0.01）. Olibanum group and vinegar-processed Olibanum group could modulate the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio， the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria and beneficial bacteria， and the vinegar-processed Olibanum group was significantly superior to Olibanum group in terms of modulating the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio， the relative abundance of the three genera and five species of bacteria（P<0.01， P<0.05）. Correlation analysis showed that the relative abundance of Bacteroides_intestinalis was negatively correlated with the levels of TNF-α， IL-6 and IL-1β， the relative abundance of Prevotella_sp_CAG873， Bacteroides_sp_CAG927， Bacteroidales_bacterium_52_46 and Bacteroidales_bacterium was positively correlated with TNF-α， IL-6 and IL-1β levels. ConclusionGDCA can exacerbate UC colonic inflammation， and Olibanum and vinegar-processed Olibanum have an ameliorative effect on GDCA-mediated UC， with the vinegar-processed Olibanum showing a stronger ameliorative effect， the mechanism may be related to the regulation the abundance and structure of intestinal beneficial and pathogenic bacteria， and the reduction of inflammatory factor levels.

Traditional in vitro models have inevitable limitations and there are significant differences in assessing drug efficacy and side effects as compared to human trials.Organ-on-a-chip technology simulates human organs in a physiological environment and functional chip with a high fidelity physiological or pathophysiological level,offering great innovative prospects for drug development.This paper mainly introduces the research progress and application of organ chip from the perspective of various systems in vivo.At the same time,the limitations of the current devel-opment process of organ chip and the future development direction are proposed.

More and more in-depth tumor mechanism research and clinical precision treatment have put forward higher requirements for the technology for the establishment of tumor models.More and more tumor organoids have been applied.This model is able to reproduce the genomic,transcriptome,proteome and other omics features of pa-rental tumors without heterogeneity found in cell line models.Based on these characteristics,tumor organoids have gradually become a representative preclinical model,facilitating the translation of new research results and precision treatment of patients.This article summarizes the latest progress of tumor organoids on R&D of technology and appli-cation,focusing on the current methods of establishing tumor organoids,opportunities and challenges in clinical and research application.