OBJECTIVE: To analyze the demographic and clinical characteristics of inpatients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) and provide a basis for clinical prevention and treatment. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 744 inpatients diagnosed with OVCF between January 2017 and December 2021 who met the inclusion criteria. Among them, 146 were male and 598 were female, with age ranging from 50 to 95 years (mean, 69.37 years). The demographic characteristics (gender, age, ethnicity, occupation, regional distribution, urban-rural distribution, and seasonal incidence) and clinical features [causes of injury, history of vertebral fractures, smoking and drinking history in males, comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, cerebral infarction), body mass index (BMI), blood lipid levels, menopausal age in females, vertebral bone mineral density T-value, number of vertebral fractures, and fracture segment distribution] of OVCF patients were analyzed. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors of vertebral osteoporosis. RESULTS: The demographic analysis indicated that female patients with OVCF were significantly younger than male patients ( P<0.05). Significant differences were observed in the age distribution of OVCF between males and females ( P<0.05), with the highest proportion of male patients in the 70-79 years group (37.0%) and the highest proportion of female patients in the 60-69 years group (40.0%). From 2017 to 2021, the age of onset for OVCF gradually increased, with a similar trend observed for both genders. The distribution of occupations between genders also showed significant differences ( P<0.05); with the top three occupations for males being farmers (48.6%), retirees (24.7%), and workers (13.7%), while for females, the leading occupations were farmers (51.5%), retirees (19.4%), and service workers (10.0%). Female OVCF patients had higher BMI, vertebral bone mineral density T-value, history of vertebral fractures, hypertension prevalence, and blood lipid levels compared to male patients ( P<0.05). No significant difference between the males and the females was found in ethnicity, seasonal distribution, regional distribution, urban-rural distribution, causes of injury, number of vertebral fractures, or prevalence of comorbidities (except hypertension) ( P>0.05). Among the 744 OVCF patients, a total of 1 309 vertebrae were involved, with 628 thoracic vertebrae (48.0%) and 681 lumbar vertebrae (52.0%). The most common fracture segments were L ₁ (22.5%), T ₁₂ (21.2%), followed by L ₂ (12.2%) and T ₁₁ (10.2%). No significant gender difference was observed in the distribution of fracture segments ( P>0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that older age, female, and lower BMI were independent risk factors for vertebral osteoporosis ( P<0.05). CONCLUSION The age of onset of OVCF patients is increasing year by year. The number of fractured vertebral bodies, age distribution of morbidity, occupational distribution, BMI, history of vertebral fracture, hypertension, and blood lipid levels are related to gender. The occurrence of OVCF is mainly in the thoracolumbar segment. The female, older age, and lower BMI are independent risk factors of osteoporosis.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures/etiology* ; Aged, 80 and over ; Osteoporotic Fractures/etiology* ; Fractures, Compression/etiology* ; Risk Factors ; Bone Density ; China/epidemiology* ; Osteoporosis/epidemiology* ; Comorbidity ; Inpatients ; Sex Factors ; Age Factors

Objective:To explore the effect of Baduanjin on gait parameters and serum nerve growth factor in Parkinson disease (PD) patients with freezing of gait(FOG).Methods:From December 2021 to December 2022, thirty-eight PD patients with FOG who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly divided into observation group ( n=18) and control group ( n=20) by random number table.The patients in both two groups received 4 weeks of drug therapy combined with basic rehabilitation treatment respectively, and the patients in observation group received additional Baduanjin training.Efficacy was evaluated 1 day before intervention and after 4 weeks of intervention through unified Parkinson's disease rating scale-Ⅱ(UPDRS-Ⅱ) item 14, freezing of gait questionnaire (FOGQ), gait starting time, gait cycle, stride length, dynamic plantar peak pressure and average pressure, while the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF) in peripheral blood of patients were tested.SPSS 23.0 software was used to conduct Chi-square test, paired t-test, independent sample t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results:Before treatment, there were no significant differences in score of UPDRS-Ⅱ item 14, FOGQ score, gait starting time, gait cycle, stride length, dynamic planar peak pressure, average pressure, peripheral blood BDNF level and GDNF level between the two groups ( t=-0.542, 0.562, 0.490, 0.674, 0.440, 0.606, -0.835, -0.873, -0.250, all P>0.05). After treatment, compared with the control group, dynamic plantar peak pressure (control group (14.26±3.23) N/cm 2, observation group (11.40±4.13) N/cm 2, t=-2.389, P=0.022) and plantar average pressure (control group (3.34±0.72) N/cm 2, observation group (2.79±0.81) N/cm 2, t=-2.209, P=0.034) of the observation group were significantly decreased (both P<0.05). There were no significant differences in UPDRS-Ⅱ item 14, FOGQ score, gait starting time, gait cycle, stride length, BDNF and GDNF concentrations in peripheral blood between the two groups after treatment (all P>0.05). The difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment of FOGQ score (control group 1.00 (0.00, 1.00) , observation group 2.00 (0.75, 3.00), Z=-2.547, P=0.011), gait starting time (control group -1.04 (-1.86, -0.47)s, observation group -2.34 (-3.41, -1.03) s, Z=-2.280, P=0.023), gait cycle (control group 0.29 (0.08, 0.58)s, observation group 0.35 (0.16, 1.00) s, Z=-2.748, P=0.006), stride length(control group 0.19 (0.14, 0.24) m, observation group 0.26 (0.23, 0.38)m, Z=-1.360, P=0.005), the dynamic plantar peak pressure (control group -4.11 (-5.87, -2.57) N/cm 2, observation group -8.44 (-10.12, -4.81) N/cm 2, Z=-3.333, P=0.001) and average pressure (control group -0.55 (-1.00, -0.03) N/cm 2, observation group -1.11 (-1.51, -0.66) N/cm 2, Z=-2.062, P=0.009) in the observation group were better than those in the control group.After treatment, the BDNF level in peripheral blood in observation group was higher than before treatment( t=-2.315, P=0.033). Conclusion:Baduanjin can improve frozen gait score and gait parameters in PD patients with FOG, which may be related to the increase of peripheral blood BDNF.

Objective To investigate the role of RNA-binding motif protein X-linked(RBMX)in regulating the proliferation,migration,invasion and glycolysis in human bladder cancer cells.Methods A lentivirus vectors system and RNA interference technique were used to construct bladder cancer 1376 and UC-3 cell models with RBMX overexpression and knockdown,respectively,and successful cell modeling was verified using RT-qPCR and Western blotting.Proliferation and colony forming ability of the cells were evaluated using EdU assay and colony-forming assay,and cell migration and invasion abilities were determined using Transwell experiment.The expressions of glycolysis-related proteins M1 pyruvate kinase(PKM1)and M2 pyruvate kinase(PKM2)were detected using Western blotting.The effects of RBMX overexpression and knockdown on glycolysis in the bladder cancer cells were assessed using glucose and lactic acid detection kits.Results RT-qPCR and Western blotting confirmed successful construction of 1376 and UC-3 cell models with RBMX overexpression and knockdown.RBMX overexpression significantly inhibited the proliferation,clone formation,migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells,while RBMX knockdown produced the opposite effects.Western blotting results showed that RBMX overexpression increased the expression of PKM1 and decreased the expression of PKM2,while RBMX knockdown produced the opposite effects.Glucose consumption and lactate production levels were significantly lowered in the cells with RBMX overexpression(P<0.05)but increased significantly following RBMX knockdown(P<0.05).Conclusion RBMX overexpression inhibits bladder cancer progression and lowers glycolysis level in bladder cancer cells by downregulating PKM2 expression,suggesting the potential of RBMX as a molecular target for diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer.

According to the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) standards, the Newborn Working Group of the ILAE put forward 6 necessary questions about the management of neonatal anti-seizure medication and gave evidence-based recommendations in 2023. The basic framework is systematic review+expert consensus. The clinical recommendations of ILAE guidelines 2023 and the similarities and differences between ILAE guidelines 2023 and ILAE guidelines 2011 were analyzed and interpreted in this paper, in order to provide reference for colleagues involved in neonatal convulsion management in China.

Objective:To explore the potential of integrating virtual surgery with three-dimensional (3D) printed guides in the surgical management of mandibular benign tumors and subsequent reconstruction of bone defects.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of patients who underwent computer-assisted resection and vascularized fibular flap reconstruction for benign mandibular tumors at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, from June 2013 to December 2020. According to the utilization of guide plates for mandibular and fibular osteotomy during surgical procedures or not, the patients were categorized into two cohorts: a guide plate cohort and a non-guide plate cohort. In the guide plate group, custom-designed gudie plates based on virtual surgical plans were fabricated using 3D printing technology and employed intraoperatively; In the non-guide plate group, surgery was exclusively performed based on virtual surgical plan and prebent titanium plate without any supplementary plating. The measured outcomes included fibular flap osteotomy, operation duration, and clinical flap survival. Computed tomography images obtained one week post-surgery were utilized to assess the intersegmental commissure degree between fibular segments as well as between fibular segments and mandible, commissure degree between fibular segments and prebent titanium plate, and condyle position. The satisfaction of patients with their facial appearance was evaluated 6 months after the surgery using a visual analogue scale. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 21.0 software. Independent sample t-tests was utilized to compare the duration of operation and and postoperative evaluation of facial appearance, the Chi-square tests was utilized for condyle position, commissure degrees among interactions involving fibular segments, prebent titanium plates, bone segments( P<0.05 denoted statistical significance). Results:A total of 30 patients were enrolled, comprising 17 males and 13 females, with a median age of 24 years (16-64 years). The preparation process of fibular flaps proceeded smoothly. The required length of fibula was measured as (14.1 ± 1.9) cm (5.7-18.1 cm), while the number of fibular segments ranged from 2 to 4, averaging at approximately 2.9 ± 0.6. The mandibular defects were repaired using a single-layer fibula in 12 cases, a vascularized folded fibula in 7 cases and a combination of vascularized and non-vascularized fibula in 11 cases. The operation time for the guide plate group was recorded as ( 335.9 ± 64.0) min (240-433 min), while it was observed to be (470.7 ± 140.5 ) min (280-680 min) for the non-guide plate group.The postoperative follow-up duration ranged from 9 to 23 months, with an average period of 11 months. All fibular flaps demonstrated clinical survival. The number of patients with good commissure degree between fibular and mandibular segments, between prebent titanium plate and fibular and mandibular segments and the position of condyle were 15, 15 and 13 cases in guide plate group, 10, 13 and 11 cases in non-guide plate group respectively. The statistical analysis revealed a significant difference ( P<0.05) in the degree of commissure between the fibular and the mandibular segments (15/15 vs. 10/15) in the two groups. Both groups exhibited high levels of satisfaction regarding their postoperative facial appearance at the 6 months follow-up, observed to be 9.6±0.5 and 9.3±0.5 respectively, and the statisticla analysis revealed non-significant difference ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The integration of virtual surgery with 3D printed guide plates can effectively reduce operative time and improve precision in the repair and reconstruction of free-fibular flaps following resection of benign tumors of the mandible.

Objective To investigate the role of RNA-binding motif protein X-linked(RBMX)in regulating the proliferation,migration,invasion and glycolysis in human bladder cancer cells.Methods A lentivirus vectors system and RNA interference technique were used to construct bladder cancer 1376 and UC-3 cell models with RBMX overexpression and knockdown,respectively,and successful cell modeling was verified using RT-qPCR and Western blotting.Proliferation and colony forming ability of the cells were evaluated using EdU assay and colony-forming assay,and cell migration and invasion abilities were determined using Transwell experiment.The expressions of glycolysis-related proteins M1 pyruvate kinase(PKM1)and M2 pyruvate kinase(PKM2)were detected using Western blotting.The effects of RBMX overexpression and knockdown on glycolysis in the bladder cancer cells were assessed using glucose and lactic acid detection kits.Results RT-qPCR and Western blotting confirmed successful construction of 1376 and UC-3 cell models with RBMX overexpression and knockdown.RBMX overexpression significantly inhibited the proliferation,clone formation,migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells,while RBMX knockdown produced the opposite effects.Western blotting results showed that RBMX overexpression increased the expression of PKM1 and decreased the expression of PKM2,while RBMX knockdown produced the opposite effects.Glucose consumption and lactate production levels were significantly lowered in the cells with RBMX overexpression(P<0.05)but increased significantly following RBMX knockdown(P<0.05).Conclusion RBMX overexpression inhibits bladder cancer progression and lowers glycolysis level in bladder cancer cells by downregulating PKM2 expression,suggesting the potential of RBMX as a molecular target for diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer.

Objective:To explore the potential of integrating virtual surgery with three-dimensional (3D) printed guides in the surgical management of mandibular benign tumors and subsequent reconstruction of bone defects.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of patients who underwent computer-assisted resection and vascularized fibular flap reconstruction for benign mandibular tumors at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, from June 2013 to December 2020. According to the utilization of guide plates for mandibular and fibular osteotomy during surgical procedures or not, the patients were categorized into two cohorts: a guide plate cohort and a non-guide plate cohort. In the guide plate group, custom-designed gudie plates based on virtual surgical plans were fabricated using 3D printing technology and employed intraoperatively; In the non-guide plate group, surgery was exclusively performed based on virtual surgical plan and prebent titanium plate without any supplementary plating. The measured outcomes included fibular flap osteotomy, operation duration, and clinical flap survival. Computed tomography images obtained one week post-surgery were utilized to assess the intersegmental commissure degree between fibular segments as well as between fibular segments and mandible, commissure degree between fibular segments and prebent titanium plate, and condyle position. The satisfaction of patients with their facial appearance was evaluated 6 months after the surgery using a visual analogue scale. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 21.0 software. Independent sample t-tests was utilized to compare the duration of operation and and postoperative evaluation of facial appearance, the Chi-square tests was utilized for condyle position, commissure degrees among interactions involving fibular segments, prebent titanium plates, bone segments( P<0.05 denoted statistical significance). Results:A total of 30 patients were enrolled, comprising 17 males and 13 females, with a median age of 24 years (16-64 years). The preparation process of fibular flaps proceeded smoothly. The required length of fibula was measured as (14.1 ± 1.9) cm (5.7-18.1 cm), while the number of fibular segments ranged from 2 to 4, averaging at approximately 2.9 ± 0.6. The mandibular defects were repaired using a single-layer fibula in 12 cases, a vascularized folded fibula in 7 cases and a combination of vascularized and non-vascularized fibula in 11 cases. The operation time for the guide plate group was recorded as ( 335.9 ± 64.0) min (240-433 min), while it was observed to be (470.7 ± 140.5 ) min (280-680 min) for the non-guide plate group.The postoperative follow-up duration ranged from 9 to 23 months, with an average period of 11 months. All fibular flaps demonstrated clinical survival. The number of patients with good commissure degree between fibular and mandibular segments, between prebent titanium plate and fibular and mandibular segments and the position of condyle were 15, 15 and 13 cases in guide plate group, 10, 13 and 11 cases in non-guide plate group respectively. The statistical analysis revealed a significant difference ( P<0.05) in the degree of commissure between the fibular and the mandibular segments (15/15 vs. 10/15) in the two groups. Both groups exhibited high levels of satisfaction regarding their postoperative facial appearance at the 6 months follow-up, observed to be 9.6±0.5 and 9.3±0.5 respectively, and the statisticla analysis revealed non-significant difference ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The integration of virtual surgery with 3D printed guide plates can effectively reduce operative time and improve precision in the repair and reconstruction of free-fibular flaps following resection of benign tumors of the mandible.

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are immature endothelial cells that can proliferate and differentiate into mature endothelial cells. After vascular injury, EPCs migrate from the bone marrow to the ischemic area, participating in damaged endothelial repair and neovascularization, providing a new potential therapeutic approach for vascular diseases including ischemic stroke. This article reviews the feasibility and limitations of EPCs as potential therapeutic targets for ischemic stroke.

Nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have been commonly deployed to prevent and control the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), resulting in a worldwide decline in influenza prevalence. However, the influenza risk in China warrants cautious assessment. We conducted a cross-sectional, seroepidemiological study in Shandong Province, Northern China in mid-2021. Hemagglutination inhibition was performed to test antibodies against four influenza vaccine strains. A combination of descriptive and meta-analyses was adopted to compare the seroprevalence of influenza antibodies before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The overall seroprevalence values against A/H1N1pdm09, A/H3N2, B/Victoria, and B/Yamagata were 17.8% (95% CI 16.2%-19.5%), 23.5% (95% CI 21.7%-25.4%), 7.6% (95% CI 6.6%-8.7%), and 15.0 (95% CI 13.5%-16.5%), respectively, in the study period. The overall vaccination rate was extremely low (2.6%). Our results revealed that antibody titers in vaccinated participants were significantly higher than those in unvaccinated individuals (P < 0.001). Notably, the meta-analysis showed that antibodies against A/H1N1pdm09 and A/H3N2 were significantly low in adults after the COVID-19 pandemic (P < 0.01). Increasing vaccination rates and maintaining NPIs are recommended to prevent an elevated influenza risk in China.

In the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or AD animal models, β-amyloid (Aβ), tau protein, presenilin (PS)1, PS2 and apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) would affect the calcium channels on neuronal cell membrane, endoplasmic reticulum membrane and mitochondrial membrane, and eventually lead to the imbalance of calcium homeostasis in neurons. Aβ can also act on the endoplasmic reticulum of astrocytes and cause abnormal calcium signal. Abnormal calcium signals in the brain in turn act on neurons and promote Aβ and tau protein phosphorylation, which aggravates the disease. This study focuses on the changes of calcium signals in neurons and astrocytes in AD, in order to clarify the relationship between the calcium dyshomeostasis in neurons and astrocytes and the pathogenesis of AD, thus provides new idea for the prevention and treatment of AD.