Objective To evaluate the accuracy of dose-length product (DLP) values in CT dose reports by comparing them with the DLP values measured using a pencil-type ionization chamber. Methods Experiments were conducted using four CT scanners with different detector row numbers from two manufacturers (A and B), along with a head phantom and a pencil-type ionization chamber. Other scanning parameters were fixed, while pairwise combinations of kV and mAs were tested. The DLP values were measured under various scanning conditions using the pencil-type ionization chamber (DLP_measured) and the corresponding DLP values in CT dose reports were recorded (DLP_reported). All data were subjected to statistical analysis. Results Differences were observed between DLP_reported and DLP_measured values. The smallest mean absolute value of ΔDLP was approximately 2.526 mGy·cm observed on the 40-row CT scanner of manufacturer A. There was a difference between the ΔDLPs of the four CT scanners. Both DLP_reported and DLP_measured exhibited a linear relationship with mAs. Conclusion The percentage errors between DLP_reported and DLP_measured values for all four CT scanners were within the national standard tolerance of 15%. DLP values in CT dose reports can serve as a reference for assessing patient radiation dose during scanning. However, for radiation dose-related research, data measured using dosimetric instruments such as pencil-type ionization chamber are recommended.

The life safety and quality of life of elderly patients with hip fractures face great threat due to the particularity of fracture site. Elderly patients with hip fracture are often complicated with a variety of basic medical diseases, thus the perioperative management and comprehensive treatment are relatively complex and diverse, and surgical treatment is only one of the links. With the deepening understanding of senile hip fractures, we increasingly realized that the comprehensive management of senile hip fractures should focus on prevention. Combined with the conception and connotation of tertiary-prevention in preventive medicine, this review summarize the common etiology and preventive measures of senile hip fractures, the application of intelligent devices for fall prevention and monitoring, the green channel for hip fracture patient admission, the management mode of the comprehensive geriatric ward based on multi-disciplinary team, the evolution of surgical methods, and the perioperative comprehensive treatments, which in order to provide reference for medical and health workers to reduce the incidence and improve the treatment effects and prognosis of the senile hip fracture via multifaceted and systematic prevention and treatment measures.

Objective:To investigate regional homogeneity(ReHo)and whole brain functional connectivity(FC)in patients with mild cognitive impairment(MCI), and to explore the mechanisms of MCI in the resting state.Methods:Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(RS-fMRI)was performed on 24 patients with MCI and 30 age, gender and nationality-matched normal controls.Abnormal brain areas in the MCI group were screened and analyzed by using the DPARSFA2.3 and SPM8 software programs.Whole brain FC analysis was performed with the posterior cingulate cortex(PCC)/precuneus as the seed points.Results:Compared with the control group, MCI subjects displayed higher ReHo values in the frontal-middle-Left, precentral-Left, postcentral-Left, rolandic-opercular-Left, and frontal-inferior-opercular-Left and lower ReHo values in the temporal-superior-right, temporal-middle-right, postcentral-right, and temporal -pole -superior -right(Voxel level, Alphasim correction, P<0.05). Whole brain FC analysis showed greater functional connectivity of PCC/precuneus with fusiform-right, thalamus-right, lingual-right and parahippocampal-right in subjects with MCI, and less functional connectivity of the PCC/precuneus with temporal-middle-Left, angular-Left, temporal-superior-Left and occipital-middle-Left in subjects with MCI(Voxel level, Alphasim correction, P<0.05). Conclusions:Abnormalities of the default mode network may be associated with the onset of MCI, and abnormalities in posterior cingulate/precuneus connectivity may be helpful in finding imaging evidence with high sensitivity to MCI.

Targeting immune checkpoints such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) have been approved for treating melanoma, gastric cancer (GC) and bladder cancer with clinical benefit. Nevertheless, many patients failed to respond to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment, so it is necessary to seek an alternative strategy for traditional PD-1/PD-L1 targeting immunotherapy. Here with the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and our in-house tissue library, PD-L1 expression was found to be positively correlated with the expression of ubiquitin-specific processing protease 7 (USP7) in GC. Furthermore, USP7 directly interacted with PD-L1 in order to stabilize it, while abrogation of USP7 attenuated PD-L1/PD-1 interaction and sensitized cancer cells to T cell killing

Objective To observe the clinic effects and safety of thoracic dorsal root ganglion(DRG) pulsed radiofrequency in treating post-thoracotomy pain syndrome(PTPS). Methods 47 PTPS patients were treated with thoracic DRG pulsed radiofrequency. VAS, Oxycodone dosage, medicine side effects before and after operation were recorded. Results The VAS before operation and 1 d, 15 d, 1 m, 3 m, 6 m, 12 m after operation were 6. 3 ±2. 4, 4. 1 ±1. 8, 3. 2 ±1. 3, 2. 5 ±1. 5, 2. 1 ±0. 9, 2. 0 ±0. 8 and 2. 2 ±1. 1 respectively. The oxycodone dosage were (28. 5 ±10. 2)mg, (12. 3 ±5. 7)mg, (8. 3 ±3. 8)mg, (7. 6 ± 3. 1) mg, (7. 0 ± 3. 4) mg, (6. 6 ± 2. 7) mg and (7. 2 ± 3. 2) mg respectively. The difference was significant compared with the preoperative (P＜0. 05). No serious complications occurred. Conclusion Thoracic DRG pulsed radiofrequency was a safe and effective method in treating PTPS.

Objective To detect the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein-8 like-3 (TIPE3) in colonic mucosa of patients with colon cancer,and to analyze the correlation between its abnormal expression and clinicopathological features of patients with colon cancer.Methods The expression of TIPE3 mRNA in 58 cases of colon cancer and tumor adjacent tissues was detected by realtime polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).The expression of TIPE3 at protein level in 83 cases of colon cancer and tumor-adjacent tissues was determined by SP immunohistochemistry.Nonparametric rank-sum test and chi-square test were performed for statistical analysis.Results The relative expression of TIPE3 mRNA in the colon cancer tissues was 0.719 (0.104 to 0.887),which was lower than that of tumor-adjacent tissues (4.770,1.732 to 6.800),and the difference was statistically significant (Z=-6.345,P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the expression of TIPE3 mRNA in colon cancer tissues between different gender,age and TNM stage (all P＞0.05).The expression of TIPE3 mRNA in group of patients with lymph node metastasis (0.113,0.061 to 0.375) was lower than group of patients without lymph node metastasis (0.489,0.327 to 0.956;Z=3.815,P＜0.01).The expression of TIPE3 mRNA of patients survived less than five years after operation (0.104,0.049 to 0.220) was lower than that of patients survived over five years (0.482,0.266 to 0.908;Z=-3.653,P＜0.01).The expression of TIPE3 mRNA of patients with recurrence after operation (0.188,0.091 to 0.493) was lower than that of patients without recurrence (0.409,0.233 to 1.010;Z=-2.431,P=0.015).The recurrence rate of TIPE3 mRNA high expression group in five years after operation was lower than that of TIPE3 mRNA low expression group (23.1％,6/26 vs 56.2％,18/32);and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =6.508,P＜0.05).The expression of TIPE3 at protein level of colon cancer tissues (44.6 ％,37/83) was lower than that of tumor-adjacent tissues (68.7 ％,57/83;x2 =8.004,P＜0.05).The expression of TIPE3 at protein level was not correlated with age and gender (both P＞0.05).The positive expression rate of patients at stage Ⅱ was higher than that of patients at stage Ⅲ (60.5％,23/38 vs 29.7％,1/37);and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =7.174,P＜ 0.05).The positive expression rate of TIPE3 in group of patients with lymph node metastasis was lower than that of groups of patients without lymph node metastasis (28.2％,11/39 vs 59.1％,26/44),and the difference was statistically significant (x2=7.983,P =0.005).Conclusions The expression of TIPE3 in colon cancer tissues is lower than that in tumor-adjacent tissues.Furthermore,it is correlated with lymph node metastasis,recurrence rate and survival rate.TIPE3 may be involved in the genesis,development,invasion and metastasis of colon cancer.

Objective To explore the influence of high flux hemodialysis (HFHD) and hemodialysis filtration (HDF) on the dialysis effect and patients mortality in the patients with end-stage renal disease(ESRD).Methods One hundred and twenty-two patients with ESRD in our hospitals were selected and respectively adopted HFHD (HFHD group,62 cases) and HDF (HDF group,60 cases) for conducting the dialysis therapy.The serum indexes before and after treatment were detected and compared between the two groups.Results Compared with before treatment,the level of blood urea nitrogen (BUN),blood uric acid (BUA),serum creatinine (Scr),blood phosphorus (P),parathyroid hormone (PTH),β2 microglobulin (β2-MG) and cysteine protease inhibitors (Cys-C) after treatment in the two groups were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).The clearance rates of P,PTH and Cys-C in the HFHD group were significantly higher than those in the HDF group(t=2.479,t=1.834,t=1.512,P＜0.05).The mortality after an average follow-up of (12.2 ± 3.7) months had statistical difference between the two groups,the mortality rate in the HDF group was significantly higher than that in the HFHD group (P＜ 0.05).The multivariate Cox regression analysis results showed that the HFHD was an important factor affecting death in ESRD patient (HR =0.50,95 ％ CI:0.33-0.84,P =0.009).Conclusion HFHD has more significant effect for clearing P,PTH,β2-MG and Cys-C than HDF in ESRD patients,moreover can reduces their mortality.

Objective To explore the gray matter changes in aggressive patients with schizophrenia,and the relationship between the gray matter and aggression in patients.Methods Eighteen aggressive patients with schizophrenia (SZ1),18 age-and gender-matched un-aggressive patients with schizophrenia (SZ2) and 18 normal controls (NC) were enrolled in the study.Then a 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan was conducted for each participant.The voxel-based morphometry (VBM) approach and the Chinese version of Buss & Perry aggression questionnaire (B&P) were used to explore imaging data and to assess the aggression,respectively.Results Compared with NC,patients with schizophrenia showed changes in gray matter volume (GMV) in the frontal,temporal and the occipital lobes (P＜0.05,AlphaSim corrected).Compared with SZ2,SZ1 showed increased GMV in the right supramarginal gyrus,right postcentral gyms,bilateral insula and orbito-frontal gyri (P＜0.05,AlphaSim corrected).The GMV of the right insula,right postcentral gyms and right supramarginal grus were positively associated with B&P scores in patients with schizophrenia (P＜0.01,AlphaSim corrected),respectively.Conclusions These preliminary findings support that the aggression in schizophrenia is associated with GMV changes of brain regions in patients with schizophrenia.The right postcentral gyrus,the right insula and the right supramarginal gyrus may be involved in the neural mechanism of aggression in schizophrenia.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of treatment with local skin flap after primary surgical resection of non melanoma skin cancer.Methods A total of 176 patients with head and facial skin cancer who were admitted into our hospital from September 2008 to September 2015 were divided into three groups according to different repair plans.Namely,the suture group (41 cases),the local skin flap group (81 cases) and the skin graft group (54 cases).The repair effect of the three groups were compared after the operation.Results The good rate was 68.39%(28/41) in the suture group,98.77%(80/81) in the local skin flap group,and 83.33%(45/54) in the skin graft group,and it was significantly higher than any of the other two groups with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The satisfaction rate of the local skin flap group was significantly better than that of the suture group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).But there was no significant difference in the satisfaction rate when compared with the skin graft group(P>0.05).The 3 groups were followed up for a period of 1 year,as a result,there was no recurrence and distant metastasis.Conclusion For patients with head and facial non melanoma skin cancer,repaired with local skin flap healing treatment after primary surgical resection can not only get high healing rate but also significant improvement of patient satisfaction rate.In addition,it can lower the rate of recurrence and distant metastasis after operation.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safeness of X-ray guided semilunar ganglion radiofrequency thermocoagulation through oval foramen in the treatment of tdgeminal neuralgia.Methods Three hundred and sixty-eight patients with primary trigeminal neuralgia,admitted to our hospital from July 2011 to July 2014,were successfully treated with X-ray guided semilunar ganglion radiofrequency thermocoagulation through oval foramen.Three,30 and 90 d after treatment,the treatment effectiveness was evaluated.The recurrence rates were calculated one and two years after treatment or to the date of their relapses to hospital.Results All patients showed obvious pain relief,with visual analogue scale scores decreasing from 8.82±0.84 to 1.14±0.91,to 0.40±0.58,and then to 0.18±0.38 on 3rd,30th and 90th d.Their qualities of sleep were improved:quality of sleep scale scores dropped from 3.75± 0.73 to 2.18±0.66,to 1.37±0.48,and then to 1.02±0.15,respectively.Meanwhile,patient satisfaction was increased:as patient satisfaction scale scores reduced from 2.90±0.34 to 1.35±0.58,to 1.10±0.30,and then to 1.06±0.24,respectively.The main complications were masticatory muscle weakness in 67 patients (7.34％),and corneal hypesthesia in 20 patients (2.45％).Postoperative recurrence rate was 5.71％ in one year,and 21.20％ in two years.The mean time of effective therapeutic duration was 22.33± 12.70 months.Conclusions X-ray guided semilunar ganglion radiofrequency thermocoagulation through oval foramen is effective and safe for the treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia,enjoying no severe complications and low recurrence rate.