ObjectiveTo evaluate the overall dietary intake of adult residents in Sijing Town, Songjiang District, Shanghai, and to explore the association between dietary health literacy and diet quality. MethodsA total of 1 280 adult residents were selected as the research subjects using a multi-stage sampling method, and face-to-face questionnaire surveys were administered on site. Dietary intake data were collected using a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), and the overall diet quality of the participants was evaluated based on the Chinese Healthy Eating Index (CHEI). Participants were divided into low- and high-CHEI groups according to the median CHEI score. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association between dietary health literacy and diet quality. ResultsThe median CHEI score for adults in the area was 63.68 points. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that adults with lower dietary health literacy had lower CHEI scores and poorer overall diet quality compared to those with higher dietary health literacy (OR=1.435, 95%CI:1.132‒1.819). ConclusionThe overall diet quality of adult residents in this region requires improvement. There is a significant positive correlation between the level of dietary health literacy and CHEI scores, suggesting that enhancing dietary health literacy may be an important strategy to improve resident’ dietary quality.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of the methionine synthase reductase （MTRR） rs10380 C＞T gene polymorphism on methotrexate （MTX） plasma concentration， adverse drug reaction， and prognosis in children with intracranial tumors. METHODS Peripheral blood was collected from children with intracranial tumors， and genomic DNA was extracted. The MTRR rs10380 C＞T genotype was analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry. The association of the MTRR rs10380 C＞T gene polymorphism with the ratio of MTX plasma concentration to dose （C/D ratio）， adverse drug reaction， tumor recurrence， and metastasis was analyzed. Bioinformatics analysis was used to explore the association of the rs10380 genotype and MTRR gene expression and its possible mechanisms. RESULTS A total of 75 children were included in the study. The distribution frequencies of the wild-type CC genotype and C allele of rs10380 were 62.67% and 81.33%， respectively， while the distribution frequencies of the variant CT genotype and T allele were 37.33% and 18.67%， respectively， which were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium（P＞0.05）. The incidence of electrolyte disorders （51.06%） and tumor metastasis rate （57.45%） in children with the CC genotype were significantly higher than those with the CT genotype （P＜0.05）. No significant differences were observed in the 24-hour and 42-hour C/D ratios and recurrence rates between the two genotypes of children （P＞0.05）. Bioinformatics analysis showed that MTRR protein mainly works in conjunction with 10 proteins， including MMAA， and was involved in various biological processes such as sulfur amino acid biosynthesis. CONCLUSIONS The MTRR rs10380 CC genotype may be a risk factor for electrolyte disorders and tumor metastasis in children with intracranial tumors after MTX chemotherapy.

With the rapid progress of industrialization and commercialization, the sales and population intake of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are constantly increasing globally. High UPFs intake is associated with various health issues. This article provided a brief overview of various health outcomes and explored the possible causes for the health impacts of UPFs consumption from the perspectives of processing and production. The review found that high UPFs intake increased the risks of adult overweight/ obesity, type 2 diabetes, cancer mortality, and anxiety disorders; maternal preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, and gestational diabetes; childhood and adolescent overweight/ obesity. High UPFs intake also affected embryonic development and offspring language development. The possible explanations for the negative health outcomes associated with UPFs were as follows. The convenience and increased accessibility of UPFs affect the dietary structure of the population. The combined exposure to refined carbohydrates and fats added to UPFs increases the desire and motivation for more energy intake. The complex processing process leads to the loss of dietary fibers and micronutrients, affecting human satiety, digestion rate, chewing duration, and producing toxic compounds such as furan, heterocyclic amines, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and acrolein. The introduction of more types and higher doses of food additives and the migration of exogenous pollutants from packaging materials to food pose potential health and safety risks. At present, there is little research on the relationship between UPFs and human health in China. Based on the known health risks of UPFs, more in-depth research is needed in order to better understand the relationship between UPFs and human health.

【Objective】 To explore the causal relationship between education level and pancreatitis risk through Mendelian randomization. 【Methods】 A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data. The GWAS data for education level and pancreatitis were obtained from SSGAC database and the FinnGen database (version R9). Causal relationship between education level and pancreatitis was explored using the inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median methods. Heterogeneity and directional pleiotropy were evaluated using Cochran’s Q test and funnel plots. 【Results】 Totally 604 SNPs associated with education level were included. The results provided evidence that there was negative relationship between education level and pancreatitis risk. For acute pancreatitis, OR=0.52, 95% CI: 0.44-0.62, P=2.43×10^-14 while for chronic pancreatitis, OR=0.51, 95% CI: 0.41-0.64, P=7.20×10^-9. Results from MR-Egger and weighted median analyses obtained the same results. The results of sensitivity analysis indicated that this study did not violate the basic assumptions of Mendelian randomization. 【Conclusion】 There is a causal relationship between education level and the occurrence of pancreatitis. The educational level is negatively correlated with the risk of pancreatitis.

BACKGROUND:The use of vancomycin in total knee arthroplasty is a controversial strategy for the prevention of incisional infection.At present,there is little evidence to evaluate the efficacy of this preventive measure in China. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy of local vancomycin in the prevention of early postoperative incision infection during total knee arthroplasty. METHODS:120 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee who received unilateral total knee arthroplasty for the first time at Department of Joint Surgery of First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from March to June 2022 were included in this study.They were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group,with 60 cases in each group.All patients gave informed consent to the treatment plan.In the observation group,1 g of vancomycin was applied intraoperatively;in the control group,no vancomycin was applied intraoperatively.Erythrocyte sedimentation rate,C-reactive protein,fever rate on seven consecutive days after surgery,degree of knee joint swelling,cumulative drainage volume,and incidence of periprosthetic joint infection were recorded in two groups of patients on days 1,3,and 5 after surgery so as to evaluate the efficacy of topical vancomycin in total knee arthroplasty for the prevention of incision infection in the early postoperative period. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The differences in erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein between the two groups on days 1,3,and 5 after surgery were not significant(P>0.05).(2)The difference in fever rate between the two groups for 7 consecutive days after surgery was not significant(P>0.05).(3)There was no significant difference in the degree of postoperative knee swelling and cumulative drainage flow between the two groups(P>0.05).(4)The difference in the incidence of periprosthetic joint infection one year after surgery was not significant between the two groups(P>0.05).(5)The results suggest that the local use of vancomycin in total knee arthroplasty has not shown significant efficacy in preventing incision infection in the early postoperative period.

Objective To analyze the distribution bio-relationship of loci related antihypertensive drug efficacy in patients with essential hypertension(EH)in Guiyang region to support the development of clinical guidance for in-dividualized medication of hypertension patients in this region.Methods A total of 406 EH patients who visited the Cardiology Department of Guiyang Hospital from December 2020 to December 2021 were collected as the study sub-jects and ligase sequencing method was applied to detect 7 gene loci of antihypertensive drugs.The distribution of gene loci in EH patients of different genders and from different geographic regions was evaluated.Results The mu-tation frequencies of the seven genes,CYP2D6*10(c.100 C＞T),CYP2C9*3(c.1075 A＞C),ADRB1(c.1165 G＞C),AGTR1(c.1166 A＞C),ACE(I/D),NPPA(T2238C)and CYP3A5*3(A6986G)were 47.29%,5.91%,73.15%,6.65%,34.24%,0.49%,and 69.70%respectively;There was no significant difference in distribution frequency of hypertension drug related gene polymorphisms among different genders.Conclusions The distribution frequency of alleles in 7 antihypertensive drug efficacy related loci is not related to gender of patients.EH patients in Guiyang region are more sensitive to β-blockers and calcium antagonists,but less sensitive to other types of antihypertensive drugs.Therefore,the dose administered should be adjusted appropriately when using β-blockers and calcium antagonists.

Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) has the characteristics of low toxicity and high efficiency, and plays an important role in cancer treatment. However, due to the complexity of its structure, it brings difficulties in pharmacokinetic (PK) bioanalysis. This study established an analytical method for the detection of ADC (RC108) in cynomolgus monkey plasma by ligand-binding assay (LBA) and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), which was used to analyze and quantify the total antibody, bound antibody and free drug in cynomolgus monkey plasma. Based on the LBA method, rabbit anti-RC108 Fab and mouse anti-MMAE (monomethyl auristatin E) mAb were pre-coated in 96-well plates as the total antibody and antibody binding reagents, respectively. The samples to be tested were added, and then the detection reagents were added in turn. Goat anti-human IgG (H+L)-HRP, chromogenic solution tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), H₂SO₄ terminate the reaction, read data at 450 nm/630 nm wavelength of microplate reader; LC-MS/MS analysis method quantifies MMAE concentration, and refer to relevant regulations for methodological validation. The analytical method for quantifying total antibody, bound antibody and free drug of RC108 drug obtained good accuracy and precision, and the selectivity, dilution linearity, hook effect, parallelism and stability were verified. Meet the requirements of biological analysis. Finally, a bioanalytical method for the determination of the concentration of the test substance RC108 (total antibody, conjugated antibody, free MMAE) in cynomolgus monkey plasma with high sensitivity and high throughput was established by LBA and LC-MS/MS method. Subsequent non-clinical research on PK research in cynomolgus monkeys will provide technical support.

BACKGROUND: Dysfunction of the gap junction channel protein connexin 43 (Cx43) contributes to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced ventricular arrhythmias. Cx43 can be regulated by small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) modification. Protein inhibitor of activated STAT Y (PIASy) is an E3 SUMO ligase for its target proteins. However, whether Cx43 is a target protein of PIASy and whether Cx43 SUMOylation plays a role in I/R-induced arrhythmias are largely unknown. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were infected with PIASy short hairpin ribonucleic acid (shRNA) using recombinant adeno-associated virus subtype 9 (rAAV9). Two weeks later, the rats were subjected to 45 min of left coronary artery occlusion followed by 2 h reperfusion. Electrocardiogram was recorded to assess arrhythmias. Rat ventricular tissues were collected for molecular biological measurements. RESULTS: Following 45 min of ischemia, QRS duration and QTc intervals statistically significantly increased, but these values decreased after transfecting PIASy shRNA. PIASy downregulation ameliorated ventricular arrhythmias induced by myocardial I/R, as evidenced by the decreased incidence of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation, and reduced arrythmia score. In addition, myocardial I/R statistically significantly induced PIASy expression and Cx43 SUMOylation, accompanied by reduced Cx43 phosphorylation and plakophilin 2 (PKP2) expression. Moreover, PIASy downregulation remarkably reduced Cx43 SUMOylation, accompanied by increased Cx43 phosphorylation and PKP2 expression after I/R. CONCLUSION PIASy downregulation inhibited Cx43 SUMOylation and increased PKP2 expression, thereby improving ventricular arrhythmias in ischemic/reperfused rats heart.
Rats ; Male ; Animals ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/metabolism* ; Connexin 43/genetics* ; Sumoylation ; Down-Regulation ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac/drug therapy* ; Myocardial Ischemia/metabolism* ; RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism*

ObjectiveTo evaluate the changes of the usage of oil， salt， sugar and nutritional knowledge and behavior intervention among diners before and after the establishment of healthy canteens and restaurants in Shanghai. MethodsA comprehensive intervention was conducted through the establishment of healthy canteens and restaurants， encompassing interventions such as oil， salt， and sugar management， improvement of nutritional environment， staffing and training activities， and nutrition labeling guidance. A pre-post self-controlled study design was used to compare changes in oil， salt and sugar usage， as well as diners’ knowledge and behaviors related to nutrition and nutrition labeling， before and after the intervention. ResultsAfter intervention， the total usage of oil， salt， and sugar per meal in the canteens and restaurants decreased by 18.33%， 14.83%， and 13.66%， respectively，and all had statistically significance differences（P<0.001）. The awareness rate of "cooking oil intake"， "salt intake"， and "added sugar intake" among diners increased from 24.07% to 38.04%， 58.52% to 71.28%， and 26.85% to 45.01%， respectively. The awareness rate of "daily food types" and "weekly food types" increased from 43.07% to 56.53% and 49.52% to 64.32%， with significant differences （P<0.001）. The rate of understanding the content of nutrition labels increased from 66.91% to 76.90%， the awareness rate of nutrition labels increased from 53.59% to 69.06%， the rate of active reading of nutrition labels among diners increased from 73.38% to 81.23%， and the rate of selecting and purchasing food based on the information of nutrition labels increased from 69.27% to 77.79%， all of which were statistically significant （P<0.001）. ConclusionThe comprehensive interventions carried out through the creation of healthy canteens and restaurants have significantly impact on usage of oil， salt， and sugar， as well as on the nutritional knowledge and behaviors of diners.

This paper summarized the school nutrition lunch legislations and nutrition status in China and abroad. School lunch system is relatively well-established and mature in Japan， the United States and Sweden and the lunch system has been gradually as an important part of basic education， which is worth learning by other countries and regions. China started its pilot school nutrition lunch program in 1987， and has improved the nutritional status of students， especially the students in rural areas， significantly. However， there still exists certain gaps compared with developed countries. We should actively learn from those countries， so as to provide reference for the formulation and improvement of China’s nutritional lunch policies.