Objective To study whether Nεcarboxymethyl lysine(CML)can form a good molecular docking with the scavenger receptor CD36and induce a stable interaction.Methods The interaction between CML and CD36was studied by co-immunoprecipitation.The binding mode and affinity of CD36to CML were tested using AutoDock 4.2,iBabel and XQuartz-2.7.7software respectively. Results Co-immunoprecipitation showed that anti-CD36antibody magnetic bead could precipitate CD36from the total protein in RAW264.7cells and anti-CML could detect CD36 binding CML.CD36had a good molecular docking with CML,CD36and CML interacted stably with each other.The affinity of CML to 4Q4Bprotein structure of CD4extracellular domain was -29.62kJ/mol.ARG82,ASN71and THR70were the products of amino acid receptor interaction. Further docking analysis showed that CML could form 3interacting hydrogen bonds with 4Q4B,and the docking prediction inhibition constant was 6.92with a root mean square deviation of 2.54.Conclusion A good molecular docking between CML and 4Q4Bprotein structure of CD36extracellular domain can induce a stable interaction between CML and CD36.Hydrogen bonding is the main interaction mode.

Objective: To observe the correlation between Nε-carboxymethyl-Lysine (CML), the main component of advanced glycation end products and the calcification of the anterior tibial artery plaque in patients with diabetic foot post foot amputation. Methods: Sixty patients hospitalized for foot amputation operation due to diabetic foot from June 2012 to June 2016 in the Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University were prospectively recruited.The patients were categorized into mild stenosis (0n=20), moderate stenosis (50%≤stenosis<70%, n=20) and severe stenosis (70%≤stenosis≤100%, n=20) based on the color Doppler ultrasound assessed severity of anterior tibial artery stenosis.The baseline clinical data of patients were collected and anterior tibial artery was isolated.Then, HE staining, O-Cresolphthalein Complexone method, enzymic method and ELASA analysis were then performed to detect the evolution of calcification, arterial calcium content, alkaline phosphatase activity and serum CML concentration, respectively. Results: The results from both color Doppler ultrasound scan before amputation and HE staining after amputation showed that echo intensity as well as spotty blue calcium particles of anterior tibial artery plaque increased significantly in proportion to degree of stenosis and destructed elastic plate of the arterial wall was evidenced in patients with severest stenosis.The content of calcium ((2.3±0.9), (3.9±1.3), (6.6±1.7) μmol/mg, respectively, P<0.001), ALP activity ((102.4±39.4), (202.3±73.4), (483.7±117.9) U/mg, respectively, P<0.001) and serum CML level ((28.9±4.4), (37.9±5.3), (57.3±7.1)μg/L, respectively, P<0.001) increased significantly in proportion to stenosis severity.Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum CML level was positively correlated with the content of calcium (r=0.749, P<0.001) and ALP activity (r=0.923, P<0.001), respectively. Conclusions Serum CML level is positively correlated with the calcification of anterior tibial arterial plaque in patients with diabetic foot and could be used to evaluate the calcification of anterior tibial arterial plaque and stenosis degree of anterior tibial arterial in these patients.

Objective To investigate the risk factors contributing to hyperlipidemia and fatty liver in pilots.Methods Two hundred and forty-six pilots received the physical examination and were asked to fill out a questionnaire.Physical examination information included height,weight,abdominal ultrasonography result and blood lipid.The questionnaire included the pilots' age,flying hours time,physical exercise amount,working pressure,sleep condition,optimistic mood status,dietary habits,nutrition knowledge awareness,smoking and drinking habit.According to the results of physical examination,the pilots with hyperlipidemia and(or) fatty liver were selected as case group,and the pilots without hyperlipidemia or fatty liver were in control group.The scores of two groups were compared.According to the caculated BMI,pilots were also divided into normal(BMI 18.5-23.9 kg/m2)overweight(BMI 24 27.9 kg/m2) obesity(BMI＞27.9 kg/m2) groups.The differences on prevalence of hyperlipidemia and fatty liver were compared among different BMI groups.Results ①There were 225 valid questionnaires out of 246 pilots and the valid rate was 91.5％.There were 60 pilots had fatty liver and the prevalence of fatty liver was 26.7％(60/225).There were 42 pilots had hyperlipidemia and the prevalence of hyperlipidemia was 18.7％ (42/225).According to the physical examination,there were 138 pilots in control group and 87 pilots in case group.②In case group,pilots' age,daily cigarette consumption and daily alcohol consumption were higher than those in control group (Z=2.008,2.934,2.153,P＜0.05).The pilots' BMI of case group were higher than that of control group (t=35.793,P＜0.05).The scores of exercise and sleep of case group were lower than those of control group (t=19.518,5.701,P＜0.05).③The detection rates of overweight and obesity in case group were higher than those in control group (x2 =16.327,13.157,P＜0.05).The prevalence differences of hyperlipidemia and fatty liver were statistically significant among different BMI groups (x2 =37.505,P＜0.05).④The smoking and drinking rates of case group were higher than those of control group (x2 =8.636,4.497,P＜0.05).Conclusions The main risk factors of hyperlipidemia and fatty liver in pilots are obesity and lack of exercise.Other factors like age,sleepquality,smoking or drinking habit have certain extent impacts on the diseases.Pilots should strengthen the physical exercise and control BMI to effectively reduce the incidence of hyperlipidemia and fatty liver in order to prolong the pilot's flying career.

Objective To investigate the risk factors contributing to hyperlipidemia and fatty liver in pilots.Methods Two hundred and forty-six pilots received the physical examination and were asked to fill out a questionnaire.Physical examination information included height,weight,abdominal ultrasonography result and blood lipid.The questionnaire included the pilots' age,flying hours time,physical exercise amount,working pressure,sleep condition,optimistic mood status,dietary habits,nutrition knowledge awareness,smoking and drinking habit.According to the results of physical examination,the pilots with hyperlipidemia and(or) fatty liver were selected as case group,and the pilots without hyperlipidemia or fatty liver were in control group.The scores of two groups were compared.According to the caculated BMI,pilots were also divided into normal(BMI 18.5-23.9 kg/m2)overweight(BMI 24 27.9 kg/m2) obesity(BMI＞27.9 kg/m2) groups.The differences on prevalence of hyperlipidemia and fatty liver were compared among different BMI groups.Results ①There were 225 valid questionnaires out of 246 pilots and the valid rate was 91.5％.There were 60 pilots had fatty liver and the prevalence of fatty liver was 26.7％(60/225).There were 42 pilots had hyperlipidemia and the prevalence of hyperlipidemia was 18.7％ (42/225).According to the physical examination,there were 138 pilots in control group and 87 pilots in case group.②In case group,pilots' age,daily cigarette consumption and daily alcohol consumption were higher than those in control group (Z=2.008,2.934,2.153,P＜0.05).The pilots' BMI of case group were higher than that of control group (t=35.793,P＜0.05).The scores of exercise and sleep of case group were lower than those of control group (t=19.518,5.701,P＜0.05).③The detection rates of overweight and obesity in case group were higher than those in control group (x2 =16.327,13.157,P＜0.05).The prevalence differences of hyperlipidemia and fatty liver were statistically significant among different BMI groups (x2 =37.505,P＜0.05).④The smoking and drinking rates of case group were higher than those of control group (x2 =8.636,4.497,P＜0.05).Conclusions The main risk factors of hyperlipidemia and fatty liver in pilots are obesity and lack of exercise.Other factors like age,sleepquality,smoking or drinking habit have certain extent impacts on the diseases.Pilots should strengthen the physical exercise and control BMI to effectively reduce the incidence of hyperlipidemia and fatty liver in order to prolong the pilot's flying career.

OBJECTIVETo compare the accuracy of CT and MR including diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI) in preoperative diagnosis and T staging of gastric cancer.

METHODSForty-one patients with gastric cancers proved by gastroscopy biopsy from November 2011 to August 2012 were prospectively enrolled. They underwent contrast enhanced CT and MR imaging (including DWI, T2 weighted and dynamic enhanced imaging) preoperatively. Two radiologists interpreted CT and MR images for detecting and staging each patient independently. With the reference of post-operative histopathological findings, T staging accuracy of CT and MR imaging was calculated and compared. Inter-observer agreement was also evaluated.

RESULTSOverall T staging accuracy in MR including DWI was significantly higher than that in CT imaging(87.8% vs. 65.9%, P=0.004). MR had a better inter-observer agreement than CT(Kappa=0.813, 0.603, respectively).

CONCLUSIONMR including DWI can improve preoperative T staging accuracy of gastric cancer significantly, which deserves recommendation for clinical application.

Biopsy ; Contrast Media ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neoplasm Staging ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo explore the preoperative diagnostic value of MR diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) for metastatic lymph nodes in patients with gastric cancer.

METHODSBetween December 2011 and December 2012, 52 gastric cancer patients(34 men, 18 women) underwent preoperative MR DWI. The apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) and short diameter of lymph nodes were measured and compared with the postoperative histopathological findings. Diagnostic value of ADC and short diameter for metastatic lymph nodes in patients with gastric cancer was investigated by receiver characteristic curve(ROC) analysis.

RESULTSA total of 180 metastatic and 57 non-metastatic lymph nodes were detected as hyperintense on DWI obtained from 52 patients. The ADC of metastatic lymph nodes [(1.059±0.196)×10(-3) mm(2)/s] was significantly lower than that of non-metastatic nodes [(1.402±0.285)×10(-3) mm(2)/s, P<0.001]. With ADC threshold of 1.189×10(-3) mm(2)/s, the sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve(AUC) were 78.9%, 72.8% and 0.840, respectively. The overall diagnostic accuracy of preoperative N staging of ADC was 75%(39/52). The short diameter of metastatic lymph nodes [(8.08±3.99) mm] was significantly longer than that of non-metastatic lymph nodes [(6.75±2.70) mm, P=0.005]. With short diameter threshold of 5.05 mm, the sensitivity, specificity and AUC were 88.3%, 29.8% and 0.602, respectively. The overall diagnostic accuracy of short diameter in preoperative N staging was 67.3%(35/52).

CONCLUSIONSMR DWI is a useful technique in diagnosing metastatic lymph nodes in patients with gastric cancer. ADC value and short diameter can be used as diagnostic criterion for the diagnosis of preoperative N staging.

Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; ROC Curve ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology