CD47 is an immune checkpoint widely regarded as a 'don't eat me' signal. CD47-based anti-cancer therapy has received considerable attention, with a significant number of clinical trials conducted. While anti-cancer therapies based on CD47 remain a focal point of interest among researchers, it is noteworthy that an increasing number of studies have found that CD47-based therapy ameliorated the pathological status of non-cancer diseases. This review aims to provide an overview of the recent progress in comprehending the role of CD47-based therapy in non-cancer diseases, including diseases of the circulatory system, nervous system, digestive system, and so on. Furthermore, we sought to delineate the promising mechanisms of CD47-based therapy in treating non-cancer diseases. Our findings suggest that CD47-based agents may exert their effect by regulating phagocytosis, regulating T cells, dendritic cells, and neutrophils, and regulating the secretion of cytokines and chemokines. Additionally, we put forward the orientation of further research to bring to light the potential of CD47 and its binding partners as a target in non-cancer diseases.

Objective:To investigate the dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) of bilateral precuneus at resting-state in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).Methods:Fifty patients with OCD who matched the criteria of ICD-10 and 50 healthy controls (HCs) were examined by the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning. Voxel-based whole-brain dFC method was used to analyze the dFC of bilateral precuneus at resting-state in OCD; Pearson correlation analyses was used to analyze the relationship between the abnormal dFC values and clinical symptoms in OCD; support vector machine analyses was used to explore whether abnormal dFC could be used to identify OCD.Results:Compared with HCs, patients with OCD showed decreased dFC values between left precuneus and left medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) (0.23±0.02 vs. 0.26±0.03, t=-6.23, P<0.05, GRF corrected), left cuneus (0.24±0.03 vs. 0.28±0.04, t=-5.30, P<0.05, GRF corrected), and left paracentral lobule (0.23±0.03 vs. 0.27±0.04, t=-5.36, P<0.05, GRF corrected); and decreased dFC values between right precuneus and left postcentral gyrus (0.23±0.04 vs. 0.27±0.04, t=-5.12, P<0.05, GRF corrected). The decreased dFC values between left precuneus and left MPFC was positively correlated with the total score of Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale (Y-BOCS)( r=0.289, P<0.05, uncorrected); the decreased dFC values between right precuneus and left posterior central gyrus was positively correlated with Y-BOCS total scores ( r=0.292, P<0.05, uncorrected) and obsessive subscale scores ( r=0.304, P<0.05, uncorrected). The area under the curve value of the decreased dFC values between right precuneus and left posterior central gyrus was 0.856; the Youden Index was 0.52; the sensitivity was 100%, and the specificity was 52%. Conclusions:The dFC of bilateral precuneus decreases at resting-state in patients with OCD. The abnormal dFC value between the right precuneus and the left posterior central gyrus may have implications to identify OCD.

Objective:To investigate the dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) of bilateral precuneus at resting-state in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).Methods:Fifty patients with OCD who matched the criteria of ICD-10 and 50 healthy controls (HCs) were examined by the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning. Voxel-based whole-brain dFC method was used to analyze the dFC of bilateral precuneus at resting-state in OCD; Pearson correlation analyses was used to analyze the relationship between the abnormal dFC values and clinical symptoms in OCD; support vector machine analyses was used to explore whether abnormal dFC could be used to identify OCD.Results:Compared with HCs, patients with OCD showed decreased dFC values between left precuneus and left medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) (0.23±0.02 vs. 0.26±0.03, t=-6.23, P<0.05, GRF corrected), left cuneus (0.24±0.03 vs. 0.28±0.04, t=-5.30, P<0.05, GRF corrected), and left paracentral lobule (0.23±0.03 vs. 0.27±0.04, t=-5.36, P<0.05, GRF corrected); and decreased dFC values between right precuneus and left postcentral gyrus (0.23±0.04 vs. 0.27±0.04, t=-5.12, P<0.05, GRF corrected). The decreased dFC values between left precuneus and left MPFC was positively correlated with the total score of Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale (Y-BOCS)( r=0.289, P<0.05, uncorrected); the decreased dFC values between right precuneus and left posterior central gyrus was positively correlated with Y-BOCS total scores ( r=0.292, P<0.05, uncorrected) and obsessive subscale scores ( r=0.304, P<0.05, uncorrected). The area under the curve value of the decreased dFC values between right precuneus and left posterior central gyrus was 0.856; the Youden Index was 0.52; the sensitivity was 100%, and the specificity was 52%. Conclusions:The dFC of bilateral precuneus decreases at resting-state in patients with OCD. The abnormal dFC value between the right precuneus and the left posterior central gyrus may have implications to identify OCD.

Objective:To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profile of clinical bacteria isolated from blood culture in China.Methods:The clinical bacterial strains isolated from blood culture from member hospitals of Blood Bacterial Resistant Investigation Collaborative System (BRICS) were collected during January 2018 to December 2019. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted with agar dilution or broth dilution methods recommended by US Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). WHONET 5.6 was used to analyze data.Results:During the study period, 14 778 bacterial strains were collected from 50 hospitals, of which 4 117 (27.9%) were Gram-positive bacteria and 10 661(72.1%) were Gram-negative bacteria. The top 10 bacterial species were Escherichia coli (37.2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.0%), Staphylococcus aureus (9.7%), coagulase-negative Staphylococci (8.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.7%), Enterococcus faecium (3.4%), Acinetobacter baumannii(3.4%), Enterobacter cloacae (2.9%), Streptococci(2.8%) and Enterococcus faecalis (2.3%). The the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were 27.4% (394/1 438) and 70.4% (905/1 285), respectively. No glycopeptide-resistant Staphylococcus was detected. More than 95% of S. aureus were sensitive to amikacin, rifampicin and SMZco. The resistance rate of E. faecium to vancomycin was 0.4% (2/504), and no vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis was detected. The ESBLs-producing rates in no carbapenem-resistance E. coli, carbapenem sensitive K. pneumoniae and Proteus were 50.4% (2 731/5 415), 24.6% (493/2001) and 35.2% (31/88), respectively. The prevalence of carbapenem-resistance in E. coli and K. pneumoniae were 1.5% (85/5 500), 20.6% (518/2 519), respectively. 8.3% (27/325) of carbapenem-resistance K. pneumoniae was resistant to ceftazidime/avibactam combination. The resistance rates of A. baumannii to polymyxin and tigecycline were 2.8% (14/501) and 3.4% (17/501) respectively, and that of P. aeruginosa to carbapenem were 18.9% (103/546). Conclusions:The surveillance results from 2018 to 2019 showed that the main pathogens of bloodstream infection in China were gram-negative bacteria, while E. coli was the most common pathogen, and ESBLs-producing strains were in majority; the MRSA incidence is getting lower in China; carbapenem-resistant E. coli keeps at a low level, while carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae is on the rise obviously.

Objective:To investigate the spontaneous neural activities and the whole-brain functional connectivity(FC) patterns at rest in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).Methods:40 drug-naive patients with OCD matched the diagnostic criteria of ICD-10 (OCD group), and 38 genders, age, education-matched healthy controls (controls group) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. The fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) approach was used to explore spontaneous neural activities. The brain region with abnormal fALFF value (right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)) was used as the interested region to carry out the whole-brain FC analysis. We analyzed the correlation of clinical symptoms with the abnormal fALFF and FC values by partial correlation analysis in patients with OCD.Results:Compared with controls group, increased fALFF were found in the right OFC and right dorsolateral prefrontal gyrus ( t=4.45, 5.25; P<0.05, GRF corrected), and increased FC were observed between the right OFC and left OFC, and left cerebellum crus Ⅱ ( t=5.39, 4.94; P<0.05, GRF corrected) in OCD group. The increased FC between right OFC and left cerebellum crus Ⅱ positively correlated with 17-Items Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale scores ( r=0.401, P=0.015; r=0.389, P=0.019; uncorrected). Conclusions:The local spontaneous neural activities and FC in the cortical-striatal-thalamic-cortical and OFC-cerebellar circuits were abnormal at rest in patients with OCD.

Objective:To investigate the spontaneous neural activities and the whole-brain functional connectivity(FC) patterns at rest in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).Methods:40 drug-naive patients with OCD matched the diagnostic criteria of ICD-10 (OCD group), and 38 genders, age, education-matched healthy controls (controls group) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. The fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) approach was used to explore spontaneous neural activities. The brain region with abnormal fALFF value (right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)) was used as the interested region to carry out the whole-brain FC analysis. We analyzed the correlation of clinical symptoms with the abnormal fALFF and FC values by partial correlation analysis in patients with OCD.Results:Compared with controls group, increased fALFF were found in the right OFC and right dorsolateral prefrontal gyrus ( t=4.45, 5.25; P<0.05, GRF corrected), and increased FC were observed between the right OFC and left OFC, and left cerebellum crus Ⅱ ( t=5.39, 4.94; P<0.05, GRF corrected) in OCD group. The increased FC between right OFC and left cerebellum crus Ⅱ positively correlated with 17-Items Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale scores ( r=0.401, P=0.015; r=0.389, P=0.019; uncorrected). Conclusions:The local spontaneous neural activities and FC in the cortical-striatal-thalamic-cortical and OFC-cerebellar circuits were abnormal at rest in patients with OCD.

Objective:To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profile of clinical bacteria isolated from blood culture in China.Methods:The clinical bacterial strains isolated from blood culture from member hospitals of Blood Bacterial Resistant Investigation Collaborative System (BRICS) were collected during January 2016 to December 2017. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted by agar dilution or broth dilution methods recommended by US Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) 2019. WHONET 5.6 was used to analyze data.Results:During the study period, 8 154 bacterial strains were collected from 33 hospitals, of which 2 325 (28.5%) were Gram-positive bacteria and 5 829 (71.5%) were Gram-negative bacteria. The top 10 bacterial species were Escherichia coli (34.7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.8%), Staphylococcus aureus (11.3%), coagulase-negative Staphylococci (7.4%), Acinetobacter baumannii (4.6%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.9%), Enterococcus faecium (3.8%), Streptococci (2.9%), Enterobacter cloacae (2.7%) and Enterococcus faecalis (2.5%). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (MRCNS) accounted for 34.2%(315/922) and 77.7%(470/605), respectively. No vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus was detected. The resistance rate of Enterococcus faecium to vancomycin was 0.6%(2/312), and no vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium was detected. The ESBLs-producing rates in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus were 55.7%(1 576/2 831), 29.9%(386/1 289) and 38.5%(15/39), respectively. The incidences of carbapenem-resistance in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae were 1.2%(33/2 831), 17.5%(226/1 289), respectively. The resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to polymyxin and tigecycline were 14.8%(55/372) and 5.9%(22/372) respectively, and those of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to polymyxin and carbapenem were 1.3%(4/315) and 18.7%(59/315), respectively. Conclusion:The surveillance results from 2016 to 2017 showed that the main pathogens of blood stream infection in China were gram-negative bacteria, while Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen; the MRSA incidence was lower than other surveillance data in the same period in China; carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli was at a low level during this surveillance, while carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae is on the rise.

Objective:To explore the pattern of resting-state functional connectivity of bilateral amygdale in drug-naive obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).Methods:Forty patients with OCD matched the criteria of International Classification of Diseases-10 and 38 gender-, age-, education-matched healthy subjects participated in the resting-state brain functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, 17-Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) were used to assess the clinical symptoms of obsession, compulsion, depression and anxiety. Based on the Data Processing & Analysis for (Resting-State) Brain Imaging software, a voxel-based functional connectivity approach was used to explore the pattern of resting-state functional connectivity of bilateral amygdala in OCD; Pearson correlation analyses was used to analyze the relationship between the abnormal functional connectivity values and clinical symptoms in OCD.Results:Compared with the controls, patients with OCD showed decreased functional connectivity values between left amygdale and right dorsal anterior insula (0.16±0.13 vs. 0.27±0.13, t=-2.75, P<0.05, Gaussian random field (GRF) corrected, two-tailed), and between left amygdale and left ventral anterior cingulate cortex (0.09±0.12 vs. 0.19±0.13, t=-3.40, P<0.05, GRF corrected, two-tailed). The functional connectivity between left amygdale and right dorsal anterior insula was positively correlated with HAMA total score ( r=0.377, P=0.016, uncorrected). Conclusions:At resting-state, the functional connectivities of the emotional regulation network decreased in drug-naive patients with OCD. Decreased functional connection between left amygdale and right dorsal anterior insula may be associated with anxiety symptoms in patients with OCD.

Objective:To explore the pattern of resting-state functional connectivity of bilateral amygdale in drug-naive obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).Methods:Forty patients with OCD matched the criteria of International Classification of Diseases-10 and 38 gender-, age-, education-matched healthy subjects participated in the resting-state brain functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, 17-Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) were used to assess the clinical symptoms of obsession, compulsion, depression and anxiety. Based on the Data Processing & Analysis for (Resting-State) Brain Imaging software, a voxel-based functional connectivity approach was used to explore the pattern of resting-state functional connectivity of bilateral amygdala in OCD; Pearson correlation analyses was used to analyze the relationship between the abnormal functional connectivity values and clinical symptoms in OCD.Results:Compared with the controls, patients with OCD showed decreased functional connectivity values between left amygdale and right dorsal anterior insula (0.16±0.13 vs. 0.27±0.13, t=-2.75, P<0.05, Gaussian random field (GRF) corrected, two-tailed), and between left amygdale and left ventral anterior cingulate cortex (0.09±0.12 vs. 0.19±0.13, t=-3.40, P<0.05, GRF corrected, two-tailed). The functional connectivity between left amygdale and right dorsal anterior insula was positively correlated with HAMA total score ( r=0.377, P=0.016, uncorrected). Conclusions:At resting-state, the functional connectivities of the emotional regulation network decreased in drug-naive patients with OCD. Decreased functional connection between left amygdale and right dorsal anterior insula may be associated with anxiety symptoms in patients with OCD.

Objective To investigate the correlation among fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), child asthma control test(C-ACT) and lung function in asthmatic children and its clinical significance. Methods A total of 108 cases of asthmatic children in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from June 2016 to September 2018 were recruited. Forty-seven cases (47.44%) were in acute onset, 40 cases(40.37%) were in chronic persistent, and 21 cases (21.19%) were in paracmasis. FeNO, lung function and C-ACT score were measured, and the correlation among them was analyzed. Results The level of FeNO in acute onset patients and chronic persistent patients had no significant difference:(44.18 ± 25.47)×10-9 vs. (46.98 ± 27.50)×10-9, P>0.05, but the level of FeNO in paracmasis patients was lower [(24.43 ± 10.71) × 10-9], compared with that of acute onset patients and chronic persistent patients, there were significant differences (P < 0.01). The scores of C-ACT in three groups had significant difference (P < 0.01), and there were significant differences between any two groups (P <0.01). The levels of forced expiratory peak flow rate measured value as a percentage of predicted value (FEV1%) and forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity ratio in the first second (FEV1/FVC) in acute onset patients were significantly lower than those in chronic persistent patients and paracmasis patients (P <0.01), and there were no significant differences between chronic persistent patients and paracmasis patients (P＞0.05). Conclusions Compared with lung functions and C-ACT, FeNO is a good biomarker to evaluate the airway inflammation of asthmatic children.