Objective: To investigate the association between brain and muscle Arnt like protein 1( BMAL 1) gene and ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) parameters in college students, and to explore the influence of the interaction between the gene and weight status on the ABP levels, so as to provide reference for early prevention of chronic cardiovascular diseases related to hypertension. Methods: During September 2022 to June 2024, a total of 510 college students were recruited from a university in Changsha, China for on site questionnaire investigation, physical examination, ABP monitoring and genotyping testing. Multiple linear regression method was used to explore the association between the BMAL 1 gene and ABP indicators. An interaction term was included in the general linear model of multiple linear regression to analyze the interactive effects of BMAL 1 gene polymorphisms and weight status on ABP levels. Results: The prevalence of abnormal 24 hour blood pressure, abnormal daytime blood pressure, and abnormal nighttime blood pressure were 3.3%, 3.1%, and 3.9%, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the BMAL 1/rs7950226 polymorphism was positively correlated with the 24 hour diastolic blood pressure(DBP) and the daytime DBP level after adjusting for gender, age, and body mass index( β =0.87,0.99, both P <0.05). Also, interaction between BMAL 1/ rs 11022775 and weight status on the nighttime DBP level ( P interaction =0.03) was found. The CC genotype carriers had significantly higher nighttime DBP level ( β =3.52, P <0.05) among overweight/obesity college students, but no differences in nocturnal DBP levels were observed between CC genotype carriers and TT+CT genotype carriers among college students with normal body weight( P > 0.05). Conclusions The rs 7950226 polymorphism is associated with 24 hours DBP and daytime DBP levels. Significant interaction between rs 11022775 with weight status on the nighttime DBP level is found among college students.

A 51-year-old male presented with nasal obstruction, followed by progressive hearing loss and blurred vision. Imaging identified space-occupying lesions in the paranasal sinuses, orbits, and paraspinal regions, while laboratory tests confirmed positive anti-proteinase 3 anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody(PR3- ANCA) immunoglobulin G (IgG)and markedly elevated serum IgG4. Despite treatment with corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and radiotherapy, the patient exhibited steroid dependency with relentless disease progression. Following multidisciplinary consultation, a diagnosis of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) coexisting with ANCA- associated vasculitis (AAV) was favored, though IgG4-related disease remained a critical differential. Ultimately, profound immunosuppression precipitated a severe herpesvirus infection, leading to disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. This case underscores the rarity and diagnostic complexity of concurrent IMT and AAV, highlights the therapeutic dilemma of balancing primary disease control against fatal opportunistic infections, and emphasizes the critical role of multidisciplinary collaboration in the diagnosis and treatment of complex diseases.

Background Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are a major occupational health concern, particularly among workers exposed to adverse ergonomic conditions. Manganese production involves heavy physical demands, yet research on WMSDs among manganese workers remains limited. Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of WMSDs among manganese workers in a manganese enterprise in Guangxi. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May to June 2024 on workers at a manganese factory in Guangxi. The Chinese Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire was used to collect information on demographic characteristics, distribution of musculoskeletal symptoms, and work-related exposures. χ² test was applied to compare differences in positive WMSDs rates across groups, and logistic regression analysis was performed to identify associated factors. Results A total of 1476 workers were enrolled in the study after pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The overall prevalence of WMSDs was 34.15%. The most commonly affected body regions were the lower back (17.28%), neck (16.67%), and shoulders (13.82%). The results of logistic regression analysis indicated that female, older age, and education level of college or above were associated with a higher risk of WMSDs (P<0.05). Awkward working postures were significantly associated with WMSDs in corresponding body regions; in particular, awkward postures of the neck, upper limbs, trunk, and lower limbs were related to an increased risk of WMSDs in multiple body sites (P<0.05). In addition, poor lighting conditions, high workplace temperature, frequent or sustained arm support during work, and high job demands were associated with an increased risk of overall or site-specific WMSDs (P<0.05). Conclusion The high prevalence of WMSDs among manganese workers is closely associated with demographic characteristics, working postures, and work environment and organizational factors. Targeted ergonomic interventions focusing on high-risk body regions and key ergonomic exposures are warranted to reduce the risk of WMSDs among manganese workers.

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and spatial-temporal clustering of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in Huai'an City, Jiangsu Province from 2011 to 2024, so as to provide a basis for optimizing local SFTS prevention and control strategies, and identifying high-risk areas and key populations. Methods: Data on SFTS incidence and deaths in Huai'an City from 2011 to 2024 were collected from the Infectious Disease Reporting Information System of the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The reported incidence, mortality, and fatality rates were calculated. Descriptive analysis was performed on temporal, population, and regional distribution. The average annual percent change (AAPC) was used to analyze the trend in the reported incidence of SFTS. Global and local spatial autocorrelation analyses were employed to examine the spatial distribution patterns and spatial association patterns of SFTS incidence while spatio-temporal scanning analyses was used to assess the spatial-temporal clustering of SFTS. Results: A total of 337 SFTS cases were reported in Huai'an City from 2011 to 2024, with the reported incidence rising from 0.17/100 000 to 1.88/100 000. There were 20 deaths, with an average annual mortality of 0.03/100 000, and a fatality rate of 5.93%. The incidence showed obvious seasonality, with a peak in May and June (148 cases, accounting for 43.92%). Spring and summer accounted for 107 cases (31.75%) and 159 cases (47.18%), respectively. The reported SFTS cases were mainly male, farmers, and individuals aged ≥41 years, accounting for 56.38%, 79.23%, and 96.74%, respectively. The population distribution of death cases was basically consistent with that of incident cases. Xuyi County was a high-incidence area, with a total of 332 reported cases, accounting for 98.52%. All death cases were reported in this county. Spatial autocorrelation analyses revealed a positive spatial correlation in SFTS incidence from 2019 to 2024, with Moran's I values ranging from 0.214 to 0.336 (all P<0.05). Heqiao Town, Tianquanhu Town, and Guiwu Town in Xuyi County were identified as high-high clustering areas. Spatio-temporal scanning analyses showed that cluster 1 was consistent with the high-high clustering areas, with an aggregation time from the second quarter of 2019 to the second quarter of 2022. Conclusions From 2011 to 2024, the reported incidence of SFTS in Huai'an City showed an upward trend, with a high incidence in spring and summer. Males, farmers, and the middle-aged and elderly population were the key populations for prevention and control. Xuyi County was the key area for prevention and control.

Objective: To analyze the implementation status of the “Three-Exemptions” policy for voluntary blood donation in China by taking Shandong Province as a case study, explore the sociodemographic characteristics of policy beneficiaries and the distribution differences in blood donation frequencies, so as to provide practical references for improving the honor incentive system of voluntary blood donation and stabilizing the blood donation team. Methods: Excel was used to sort out and summarize the policy documents from 31 provincial-level administrative regions of China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan), and its implementation models, temporal characteristics and implementation basis were analyzed. Using 238 193 policy beneficiaries in Shandong Province as the research objects, Stata was adopted for descriptive statistical analysis of sociodemographic characteristics including gender, age, educational background and occupation. The Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were performed to compare the distribution differences of blood donation frequencies among populations with different characteristics. Results: The “Three Exemption” policy has been implemented in 29 provinces nationwide, forming five differentiated implementation models. Specifically, 45.16% of the regions adopted province-wide unified implementation, 32.26% adopted partial prefecture-level city implementation, 12.90% adopted partial clause implementation, 3.23% adopted encouraging implementation, and 6.45% had not implemented the policy. The period from 2023 to 2026 witnessed the concentrated promotion of the policy. In Shandong Province, the beneficiaries were mainly males (82.08%), middle-aged individuals aged 40-60 years (71.78%), groups with junior and senior high school education (56.57%), and staff employees (30.60%). The distribution of blood donation frequencies showed that nearly 60% (56.95%) of the beneficiaries had donated blood 20 to 29 times. Statistically significant differences in donation frequency distributions were observed across genders, age groups, educational backgrounds, and occupations (all P<0.05). Further analysis revealed that the proportion of males with 40 or more blood donations was higher than that of females (24.32% vs 15.60%), while females had a higher proportion of 20-29 blood donations than males (65.98% vs 54.99%). With the increase of age, the proportion of those with 20-29 blood donations gradually decreased, whereas the proportion of those with≥40 blood donations gradually increased. Conclusion: The coverage of the “Three Exemptions” policy for voluntary blood donation in China continues to expand. However, there is still room for optimization in terms of policy implementation standards, population structure adaptation and incentive gradient design. Future efforts should strengthen national top-level design to balance regional development gaps. Moreover, hierarchical and targeted incentive and publicity strategies combined with population structural characteristics should be implemented to enhance public enthusiasm for voluntary blood donation.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease （MAFLD） progresses to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis （MASH） due to mitochondrial homeostasis imbalance and dysfunction in hepatocytes caused by various factors such as lipotoxicity and inflammatory infiltration. Recent studies have confirmed that mitochondrial injury is closely associated with chronic inflammation， with extracellular vesicle （EV） acting as a key mediator linking the two processes. This article systematically reviews the molecular mechanisms of hepatocyte mitochondrial dysfunction in MAFLD/MASH， highlights the regulatory role of hepatocyte-derived EV in intrahepatic inflammation， and discusses the potential application prospects of mitochondria-targeted therapies and intercellular communication interventions in MAFLD/MASH， in order to provide a theoretical basis for developing novel therapeutic strategies for these diseases.

Objective To observe the effect of a heavy load exercise on the ultrastructure,function and fission of skeletal muscle mitochondria in rats,and to analyze the changes of the phosphorylation expression of mitochondrial fission protein and upstream kinase at different times postexercise,and to explore the effect of acute heavy load exercise on mitochondrial fission in skeletal muscle of rats and its possible mechanism.Methods Forty-eight adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided in-to a quiet control group(C,n=8)and an exercise group(E,n=40).Rats in the E group exercised on a treadmill down a 16° decline at 16 m/min for 90 min and were further divided into 0 h,12 h,24 h,48 h,and 72 h postexercise subgroups.Soleus muscle was isolated and mitochondria were ex-tracted at the corresponding time points after exercise.The ultrastructure of mitochondria in the soleus muscle was observed using transmission electron microscopy,and mitochondrial quantity and morphomet-ric analysis were conducted.Moreover,the colocalization and quantity of dynamin-related protein 1(Drp1)and cytochrome C oxidease subunit Ⅳ(COXⅣ)in the soleus muscle were detected using im-munofluorescence double-labeling techniques.Meanwhile,protein levels of soleus musclep-Drp1Ser616,p-Drp1Ser637,p-extracellular regulatory protein kinaseThr202/Tyr204(p-ERKThr202/Tyr204),p-protein kinaseAThr197(p-PKAThr197),and mitochondrial NADH of ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B8(NDUFB8)and ubiqui-nol-cytochrome C reductase core protein 2(UQCRC2)were determined by using Western blotting.An-other twenty-four rats were randomly divided into a DMSO group(CD),a U0126 group(CU),an Ex-ercise+DMSO group(ED),and an Exercise+U0126 group(EU).Six mice in each group were giv-en a single intra-bitoneal injection of DMSO or ERK inhibitor U0126 20 min before acute downhill running.Then,their phosphorylated expressions of ERKThr202/Tyr204 and Drp1Ser616 in soleus muscle were de-tected by Western blotting.Results(1)From 0 h to 48 h after exercise,the soleus muscle mitochon-dria showed swelling,rounding,and uneven distribution of mitochondria,among which the degree of mitochondrial damage was the most serious at 12 h and 24 h after exercise.Moreover,the protein ex-pression of NDUFB8 and UQCRC2 in the mitochondria fractions from soleus muscle was significantly lower at 12 h post-exercise(P<0.05).(2)The co-localization of Drp1 and COXⅣ in the skeletal muscle increased significantly at 12 h to 24 h after a heavy load exercise compared with group C and group E0(P<0.01).Moreover,the mitochondrial area,circumference,aspect ratio and Ferret diameter in the skeletal muscle were significantly lower at 12 h to 24 h postexercise(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the number of mitochondria was significantly higher at 24 h after exercise(P<0.01).(3)The phosphoryla-tion of ERKThr202/Tyr204,PKAThr197 and Drp1Ser616 was significantly higher at 24 h after exercise(P<0.01),while that of Drp1Ser637 was significantly lower at 48 h and 72 h post-exercise(P<0.01).However,the phosphorylated expressions of ERKThr202/Tyr204 and Drp1Ser616 were significantly down-regulated by U0126 treatment before exercise.Conclusion A session of heavy load exercise caused mitochondrial structure and function damage and induced mitochondrial fission in the skeletal muscle,and then to maintain the homeostasis of skeletal muscle cells by cleaving damaged mitochondria.The mechanism of promot-ing skeletal muscle repair may be related to the positive and negative regulation of Drp1 activity by the phosphorylation of Drp1Ser616 and Drp1Ser637,respectively.Among them,the activation of ERKThr202/Tyr204 mediates the phosphorylation activation of Drp1Ser616,but PKAThr197 is not an upstream kinase that medi-ates the inactivation of Drp1Ser637 phosphorylation.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objectives:To preliminarily investigate the safety and efficacy of same-day discharge(SDD)following radiofrequency catheter ablation for arrhythmia.Methods:A total of 50 consecutive patients who underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation for arrhythmia in the SDD strategy at Fuwai Hospital from 8 July 2024 to 18 September 2024 were included in this analysis.The study evaluated the immediate success rate of the ablation,the rate of all-cause and arrhythmia-related readmission,outpatient or emergency visits and incidence of complications within 30 days post ablation,and recurrence rate of arrhythmias over a 3-month follow-up period.Results:The average age of the 50 patients was(47.2±16.1)years old,32 patients(64.0%)were male.Radiofrequency catheter ablation was performed in 47 patients(94.0%),including 18(36.0%)atrial fibrillation(AF)ablation.Three patients(6.0%)underwent electrophysiological study only.The immediate success rate for ablation patients was 100%(47/47).None of the patients developed vascular puncture-related or ablation-related complications.The average hospital stay and postoperative observation time were(6.84±1.13)hours and(3.40±1.12)hours,respectively.The all-cause and arrhythmia-related readmission,outpatient or emergency visits rates within 30 days were 12.0%(6/50)and 2.0%(1/50),respectively.Two patients(4.0%)post ablation experienced AF recurrence during the 3-months follow-up period.Conclusions:Radiofrequency catheter ablation for arrhythmias in SDD strategy is safe,effective,and feasible.

Objective:To analyze the immunization status of routine vaccines for children aged 0-7 years old with special health status in Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, from 2023 to 2024.Methods:From April 2023 to March 2024, 42 vaccination units in Tianhe District, Guangzhou, were organized to collect data on diseases and vaccination history of children with special health status. Vaccination rates were calculated, and multivariate logistic regression models were used to explore the impact of special health status on vaccination rates.Results:A total of 1 976 children aged 0-7 years old with special health status were included, with an average of (1.26±0.58) diseases per participant. The average number of vaccine doses administered for routine immunizations was (14.29±4.27), and the full vaccination coverage was 72.76%. The vaccination rate of 10 doses in the immunization program vaccine was less than 90.00%. The timely rate of the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB1) was 74.14%, and that of the first dose of measles vaccine (MCV1) was 63.93%. Compared with children with infectious diseases, those with neonatal diseases were more likely to miss the third dose of poliomyelitis vaccine (PV3), MCV1 and the second dose of Group A meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (MPSV-A2). Those with neuromuscular system diseases were more likely to miss PV3, MPSV-A2 and the first dose of Japanese encephalitis vaccine, live (JE-L1). Those with congenital heart disease were more likely to miss PV3, the third dose of diphtheria tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP3), MCV1, MPSV-A2, and JE-L1. Those with hematological disorders were more likely to miss PV3, MCV1, MPSV-A2, and JE-L1. Those with genetic diseases were more likely to miss MPSV-A2. Those with comorbidities were more likely to miss MCV1 and MPSV-A2. Those with neonatal diseases, neuromuscular system diseases, congenital heart disease, hematopoietic system diseases, genetic diseases, or comorbidities had difficulties in completing the full vaccination process.Conclusion:Children with special health conditions have lower rates of routine immunization and timely vaccination. More measures are needed to improve vaccination rates.