Abstract To analyzes the characteristics, problems and enlightenment of physical activity observation tools, so as to provide reference for researchers to quickly and accurately choose appropriate observation tools to evaluate children s and adolescents physical activity. Literature search is conducted in eight databases of Chinese and English, including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, ERIC, and SPORTDiscus. Ultimately, eight observation tools for assessing physical activity in children and adolescents are included. Through summarization and comparison, it is found that the applications of those tools cover multiple age groups, the observation indicators cover multiple dimensions for each with varying emphases, and the applicable contexts vary in their specific background information, and recording methods tend to be quantitative. However, several issues remain to be addressed in practical applications. First, the observation indicators need to be supplemented and improved; second, physical activity in community environments and academic classrooms requires further attention; third, physical activity intensity needs to be scientifically evaluated; fourth, observation and recording methods need to be integrated and innovated; fifth, the number of observation subjects needs to be expanded. Future research could focus on developing observation tools tailored to the characteristics of Chinese children and adolescents, while drawing on foreign observation tools to comprehensively assess physical activity among children and adolescents.

Background::Patients who undergo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are known to be at a significant risk of experiencing long-term adverse events, emphasizing the importance of regular assessments. Evaluating health-related quality of life (HRQoL) serves as a direct method to gauge prognosis. Our objective is to ascertain the prognostic significance of consecutive HRQoL assessments using the Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) derived from the Short-Form 36 (SF-36) health survey in CABG patients.Methods::The study population consisted of 433 patients who underwent isolated elective CABG at Fuwai Hospital between 2012 and 2013. SF-36 assessments were conducted during both the hospitalization period and follow-up. The primary endpoint of the study was all-cause mortality, while the secondary outcome was a composite measure including death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and repeat revascularization. We assessed the relationships between the PCS and MCS at baseline, as well as their changes during the first 6 months after the surgery (referred to as ΔPCS and ΔMCS, respectively), and the observed outcomes.Results::The patients were followed for an average of 6.28 years, during which 35 individuals (35/433, 8.1%) died. After adjusting for clinical variables, it was observed that baseline MCS scores (hazard ratio [HR] for a 1-standard deviation [SD] decrease, 1.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07–2.30) and ΔMCS (HR for a 1-SD decrease, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.09–2.56) were associated with all-cause mortality. However, baseline PCS scores and ΔPCS did not exhibit a significant relationship with all-cause mortality. Notably, there was a dose-response relationship observed between ΔMCS and the likelihood of all-cause mortality (HRs for the 2nd, 3rd and 4th quartiles compared to the 1st quartile, 0.33, 0.45 and 0.11, respectively).Conclusions::Baseline MCS and changes in MCS were independent predictors for long-term mortality of CABG. Better mental health status and recovery indicated better prognosis.

Objective:To establish a bacterial endotoxin test method for nafamostat mesilate for injection.Methods:The interference test of the bacterial endotoxin test method-kinetic chromogenic assay was carried out according to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 Volume Ⅳ general chapter 1143.Results:The interference effect of naphtholimus mesylate can be effectively eliminated by treating the test solution with an alkaline regulator for a certain period of time and diluting it.Conclusion:The bacteria endotoxin test-kinetic chromogenic assay for nafa-mostat mesilate for injection is applicable.

Objective:To construct the nursing sensitive quality index system for interventional treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, so as to provide reference for the nursing quality evaluation and management of interventional treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.Methods:From June to December 2022, using the "Structure-Process-Results" quality evaluation model as the theoretical framework, an expert inquiry questionnaire was developed based on literature review. The indicator system was established using the Delphi method, and the weights of the indicators were determined using the analytic hierarchy process.Results:The recovery rates of the two rounds of expert correspondence questionnaires were 92.6% (25/27) and 100.0% (25/25), the expert authority coefficients were 0.860 and 0.888, the Kendall's coordination coefficients were 0.073 and 0.058 ( P<0.05), and the coefficient of variation were 0-0.330 and 0-0.191, respectively. Finally, the nursing sensitive quality index system for interventional treatment of trigeminal neuralgia was formed, which included three primary indexes, 14 secondary indexes and 54 tertiary indexes. Conclusions:The index system has strong scientific and clinical applicability, which can provide reference for nursing quality evaluation and management of interventional treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease with high incidence and many complications,among which type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)accounts for a large proportion.Current studies have shown that T2DM is accompanied by damage of liver,kidney,and other organs and its complications seriously en-danger human health.Ferroptosis generates many Reactive Oxygen Species(ROS)through the Fenton reaction,and the accumulation of ROS activates Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1(HIF-1α).As a result,the level of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)is increased.Ferrostatin-1(Fer-1),a ferroptosis in-hibitor,has strong antioxidant capacity.Therefore,based on the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α/vascular endothelial growth factor(HIF-1α/VEGF)signaling pathway,we explored the therapeutic effect of Fer-1 on the liver and kidney tissues of diabetic mice.db/db mice(21～22 weeks old)were used as the model of diabetes mellitus.Ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1 was used as the intervention drug.db/m mice served as the blank control group,and body weight and blood glucose were measured for 4 weeks.Food intake and water intake were recorded in each group.The levels of Alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and Aspartate aminotransferase(AST)in the serum were measured.ROS and Glutathione(GSH)activity in liver and kidney tissues and urinary protein content were measured.Liver and kidney tissue sections were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin(HE),and the pathological morphology was observed under a light microscope.The protein levels of HIF-1α,VEGF,and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)in liver and kidney tissues were detected by Western blot.In db/db mice,Fer-1(1 mg·kg-1,ig)could significantly reduce the a-mount of food and water intake,the levels of ALT and AST in serum,the ROS production in liver and kidney tissues,and the level of urine protein,but significantly increase the activity of GSH,thus improve the pathological conditions of liver and kidney.Fer-1 also significantly inhibited HIF-1α and VEGF pro-tein indexes and increased GPX4 protein levels in liver and kidney tissues.Although Fer-1 can not change the body weight and reduce blood glucose in diabetic mice,it can play a therapeutic role in the liver and kidney tissues of diabetic mice in the middle and late stages,and its mechanism may be related to HIF-1α/VEGF and GPX4.

"Rooted in agriculture,rural areas,and farmers;Focused on integration"is an important gripper for Henan College of Animal Husbandry Economics to serve the development of regional agricul-ture and animal husbandry industries for high-level application-oriented universities.The courses of bio-chemistry and molecular biology are the foundational courses for agricultural majors in our school,and are an important carrier for the integration of science and technology in the construction of new agricultural science.In order to achieve the ideological and political goals of the curriculum under the background of the new agricultural curriculum,the course team has built a training platform for students'"agriculture,rural areas,and farmers"sentiments from the aspects of disciplinary development history,practical appli-cation of agriculture,rural areas,alumni excellent cases,ecological civilization,professional ethics,and bioethics through the condensation of ideological and political cases;In the arrangements of ideological and political cases and practical project,industry development,agriculture,rural areas,teacher re-search,school enterprise cooperation projects,and student independent innovation projects were connect-ed and integrated to establish a"fusion"platform for student knowledge application,thereby achieving the sentiment cultivation of students'"rooted in agriculture,rural areas,and farmers"and the enhance-ment of their integration capability.During the teaching process,blended online and offline teaching was applied to transform single classroom teaching into full cycle participation in talent cultivation.By integra-ting ideological and political elements into online tasks before class and teaching in the"six stages"of class and the second classroom after class,ideological and political goals were achieved through challeng-ing,advanced,and innovative knowledge applications.Through curriculum reform,the employment rate of students in the frontline of agriculture,rural areas,and farmers has significantly increased,and their ability to solve the problems of agriculture,rural areas and farmers through disciplinary integration has been effectively improved.This has successfully enhanced their awareness of serving agriculture,rural ar-eas,and farmers,strengthened their professional thinking,and stimulated their endogenous motivation to use curriculum knowledge in practice.

Objective To systematically evaluate and integrate qualitative studies on the disease experience and demands of stroke aphasic patients during rehabilitation,and to provide references for the development of a rehabilitation care strategy oriented to the needs of poststroke aphasia patients.Methods Computer search of PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Cochrane Library,CINAHL,China Knowledge Network,Wanfang database,and VIP Chinese biomedical journals was conducted for qualitative research on the illness experience and demands of poststroke aphasia patients during rehabilitation from the time of database construction to May 2023.The literature was evaluated using the Australian JBI Quality Evaluation Criteria for Qualitative Research in Evidence-based Health Care Centers(2016),and the results were consolidated using an aggregative integration approach.Results A total of 18 studies were included,and a total of 1 theoretical model and 70 themes were extracted and grouped to form 7 categories,which were combined into 3 integrated outcomes:poststroke aphasia is a traumatic life event;poststroke aphasia patients actively rebuild their lives;the demands of poststroke aphasia patients during rehabilitation.Conclusion Poststroke aphasia patients during rehabilitation face difficulties in life;medical professionals should stimulate patients'positive feelings,strive to promote patients'social integration and self-management,meet patients'multidimensional and diverse rehabilitation demands,and ultimately construct personalized rehabilitation management programs oriented to patients'demands with poststroke aphasia.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from flower buds of Magnolia biondii Pamp.and their in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities.METHODS The 50% acetone extract from the flower buds of M.biondii was isolated and purified by Diaion HP-20,Toyopearl HW-40C,ODS and semi-preparative HPLC,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of these compounds were determined according to previous method established by research group.RESULTS Seventeen compounds were isolated and identified as crassifolioside(1),magnoloside B(2),rutin(3),isoquercitrin(4),quercetin(5),northalifoline(6),cordysinin B(7),thymidine(8),indazole(9),dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol(10),aesculetin(11),C-veratroylglycol(12),3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol(13),3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethanol(14),3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid(15),2,4,6-trimethoxyphenol(16),syringic acid(17).CONCLUSION Compounds 1-17 are isolated from this plant for the first time,none of which show acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities at the concentration of 20 μmol/L.

Objective:To recheck the Histoplasma capsulatum and Coccidioides sp. strains of the past by molecular identification and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF MS). Methods:The phylogenetic relationships among the ten Histoplasma capsulatum isolates and reference strains were analyzed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Based on the Coi region, Coccidioides posadasii was distinguished from Coccidioides immitis accurately. MALDI-TOF MS was used to set up the MALDI-TOF MS database of Histoplasma capsulatum and Coccidioides sp. for rapid identification. In addition, hierarchical clustering of spectra was compared with MLST. Results:An unrooted dendrogram constructed with MLST showed that ten individuals of Histoplasma capsulatum were divided into three clades: Eurasia clade, Australia clade and North American class 2 clade, in agreement with the establishment by MALDI-TOF MS cluster analysis. All individuals of Coccidioides sp. were identified as Coccidioides posadasii with Coi region primers. The in-house MALDI-TOF MS database of Histoplasma capsulatum and Coccidioides posadasii was expanded and reached an identified accuracy of 100%. Conclusions:We improve the recognition of Histoplasma capsulatum and Coccidioides posadasii by molecular pathways which shows the major species or clades in Chinese mainland. The in-house MALDI-TOF MS database of Histoplasma capsulatum and Coccidioides posadasii can provide a new efficient way to identify those pathogens rapidly.

From January 1, 2013, to March 1, 2024, nine patients with hematological malignancies complicated by Gilbert’s syndrome in Peking University People’s Hospital underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The patients comprised seven male and two female cases, with a median age of 38 (13-60) years old. Among them, three cases were acute myeloid leukemia, three cases were acute lymphocytic leukemia, two cases were myelodysplastic syndrome, and one case was chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. None of the patients had viral hepatitis. Of the nine cases, seven cases received the Bu-Cy+ATG regimen, while the other two cases received the TBI-Cy+ATG regimen (Bu, busulfan; Cy, cyclophosphamide; ATG, antithymocyte immunoglobulin; and TBI, total body irradiation). All patients achieved neutrophil engraftment, and eight received platelet engraftment. The median total bilirubin level was 45.4 (22.5-71.2) μmol/L before transplantation and 22.0 (18.0-37.2) μmol/L on -1d of preconditioning. The total bilirubin level on +20d after the transplantation of eight patients decreased compared with the baseline level before transplantation. Moreover, one patient had a transient increase in the total bilirubin level on +5d after transplantation, which was considered to be attributed to the toxicity of Bu. No patients were complicated by hepatic veno-occlusive disease. The median follow-up time was 739 (42-2 491) days. During the follow-up period, one patient died of recurrence, and the remaining eight patients had disease-free survival events.