Background: and Purpose Live cell-based assays (LCBA) are increasingly used for serological antibody detection due to their ability to preserve antigen conformation, offering moderately higher sensitivity than fixed cell-based assays. However, the clinical necessity of prioritizing LCBA for the detection of aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG) in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) remains unclear, especially when compared to its established role in diagnosing myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease. Methods: We compared the performance of live cell-based assays using immunofluorescence (LCBA-IF) and fixed cell-based assays using immunofluorescence (FCBA-IF) in detecting AQP4-IgG in 90 cases of NMOSD meeting 2015 International Panel for Neuromyelitis Optica Diagnosis criteria, alongside 40 controls. Additionally, we further investigated the relationship between AQP4-IgG titers as measured by LCBA-IF and FCBA-IF and clinical parameters in NMOSD patients. Results: Results showed 96.9% agreement between LCBA-IF and FCBA-IF (Cohen’s κ=0.935), with a strong Spearman correlation (0.977, p<0.001). Both methods demonstrated 100% specificity, with LCBA-IF showing slightly higher sensitivity compared to FCBA-IF. Within LCBAIF-tested groups, statistically significant differences in annualized relapse rates were observed across all pairwise comparisons (low-titer vs. moderate-titer, low-titer vs. high-titer, and moderate-titer vs. high-titer; all p<0.050). However, this association reached statistical significance in some FCBA-IF-tested groups. Conclusions Overall, there is a strong concordance between LCBA-IF and FCBA-IF in detecting AQP4-IgG, where LCBA-IF shows slightly higher sensitivity. Furthermore, there is a potential link between elevated AQP4-IgG titers and an increased risk of relapse, and this correlation may appear more pronounced when using LCBA-IF.

A 51-year-old male presented with nasal obstruction, followed by progressive hearing loss and blurred vision. Imaging identified space-occupying lesions in the paranasal sinuses, orbits, and paraspinal regions, while laboratory tests confirmed positive anti-proteinase 3 anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody(PR3- ANCA) immunoglobulin G (IgG)and markedly elevated serum IgG4. Despite treatment with corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and radiotherapy, the patient exhibited steroid dependency with relentless disease progression. Following multidisciplinary consultation, a diagnosis of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) coexisting with ANCA- associated vasculitis (AAV) was favored, though IgG4-related disease remained a critical differential. Ultimately, profound immunosuppression precipitated a severe herpesvirus infection, leading to disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. This case underscores the rarity and diagnostic complexity of concurrent IMT and AAV, highlights the therapeutic dilemma of balancing primary disease control against fatal opportunistic infections, and emphasizes the critical role of multidisciplinary collaboration in the diagnosis and treatment of complex diseases.

ObjectiveTo explore the role of the histone deacetylase Sirtuin-1 （SIRT1）/p53 signaling pathway in promoting apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cells （NSCLC） induced by the co-stimulatory molecule B7 homolog 3 （B7-H3）. MethodsThe GEPIA 2 platform was used for survival analysis of NSCLC patients based on B7⁃H3 gene expression levels. The Gene Enrichment Analysis （GSEA） method was used to analyze the enrichment characteristics of B7⁃H3 molecules in the gene set of cell apoptosis. In the non-small cell lung cancer A549 cell line， B7⁃H3 was knocked down， and the protein expression levels of SIRT1 and p53 were detected by Western blot. B7⁃H3 was overexpressed in A549 cells and the apoptosis rate was analyzed by flow cytometry after Annexin V/PI double staining. Overexpression of B7⁃H3 and knockdown of SIRT1 were performed in A549 cell line. The expression levels of p53 and apoptosis-related proteins B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 （Bcl-2） and Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax） were detected respectively by Western blot. Cell apoptosis rate was analyzed by flow cytometry after Annexin V/PI double staining. ResultsThe overall survival of the B7-H3 high-expression group was significantly lower than that of the low-expression group （P<0.01）. B7-H3 was significantly enriched in the cell apoptosis signaling pathway and the p53 signaling pathway （P<0.05）. Compared with the control group， the expression of SIRT1 was significantly downregulated， and p53 was significantly upregulated in the B7⁃H3 knockdown group （both P<0.001）. Overexpression of B7-H3 significantly up-regulated SIRT1 protein expression （P<0.05）， down-regulated p53 expression （P<0.01）， and markedly increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio of apoptosis-related proteins （P<0.001）. The results of Annexin V/PI double staining showed that the apoptosis rate of A549 cells with overexpressed B7⁃H3 decreased （the apoptosis rate of the control group was 26.72%±4.13%， while that of the B7⁃H3 overexpression group was 13.87%±0.82%； P<0.01）. In B7-H3-overexpressing cell lines， SIRT1 knockdown significantly reversed apoptosis （P<0.05）， up-regulated p53 protein expression （P<0.001）， and markedly reduced the Bcl-2/Bax ratio （P<0.001）. ConclusionB7-H3 molecule inhibits the apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cells via the SIRT1/p53 signaling pathway.

Objective To explore the effect of sex on the incidence of immune-related cutaneous adverse event (ircAE) during immunotherapy for gastric cancer, and to further analyze the correlation between sex, ircAE and prognosis. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with advanced gastric cancer who received immune checkpoint inhibitors at the Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, from February 1, 2022, to December 31, 2024. Clinicopathological characteristics, occurrence of ircAE, and survival data were collected. The incidence of ircAE was compared between male and female patients. Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot survival curves, and univariate Cox regression analysis was performed to assess prognostic factors. Results A total of 116 patients with advanced gastric cancer were enrolled, including 76 males (65.5%) and 40 females (34.5%). The overall incidence of ircAE was 23.28%, with a higher incidence in male patients than in female patients (28.95% vs 12.50%, P＝0.046). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis on 86 patients with complete follow-up data indicated that patients with ircAE had longer overall survival (OS) than those without ircAE (P＝0.045). Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that male (HR＝0.43, 95%CI 0.22–0.83, P＝0.012) was associated with prolonged OS. Conclusions In gastric cancer immunotherapy, male patients are more likely to develop ircAE and have longer OS than female patients, and the occurrence of ircAE may be related to prolonged OS.

Objective:To explore the application value of problem-based learning (PBL) combined with mini-clinical evaluation exercise (Mini-CEX) in the development of post competency for interns in the Department of Neurology.Methods:A total of 56 interns rotating at the Department of Neurology of The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from June 2023 to January 2024 were enrolled as the study subjects. They were randomly divided into a control group and an experiment group using the random number table method, with 28 interns in each group. The control group received traditional methods including small lectures and teaching rounds, while the experimental group received the PBL teaching method combined with Mini-CEX. The teaching effectiveness was evaluated through theoretical assessments, practical skill evaluations, teacher and student satisfaction surveys, and Mini-CEX scale assessments conducted at the beginning, middle, and end of the rotation for the experimental group. The data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 software. For continuous data, the independent-samples t test or Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison between groups. The chi-square test was used for categorical data and the Kruskal-Wallis H test for repeated-measurement data. Results:The theoretical scores [(45.36±2.67) vs. (42.00±4.29), P<0.01] and practical skill scores [(45.11±2.53) vs. (42.39±4.53), P<0.01] were significantly higher in the experimental group compared to the control group. The Mini-CEX score of the experimental group at the end of the rotation was notably higher than that at the beginning of rotation ( P<0.05), and their abilities improved continuously. The satisfaction rates of teachers and students in the experimental group were 71.43% (20/28) and 67.86% (19/28), respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group [39.29% (11/28) and 35.71% (10/28), P<0.05]. Conclusions:The teaching model integrating PBL and Mini-CEX can effectively enhance the post competency of interns in the Department of Neurology, thus offering a new perspective for clinical undergraduate teaching.

Objective This study aims to explore the association between non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)and suicide attempts(SA)in adolescents and the mediating effect of cognitive flexibility.Methods A total of 218 depression patients with NSSI who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,5th Edition(DSM-5)diagnostic criteria for NSSI were enrolled.Patients were divided into SA group(n=105)and non-SA group(n=113)according to the presence or absence of SA in the last one year.The adolescent non-suicidal self-injury assessment questionnaire(ANSAQ)and the Wisconsin card sorting tests(WCST)was used to assess the frequency of NSSI and cognitive flexibility,respectively.A mediation model was constructed to conduct path analysis,and the product distribution method was utilized to test the mediation effect.Results The difference between SA group and non-SA group in NSSI(20.1±10.7 vs.14.7±9.1)and WCST scores[correct responses percentage(67.3％±14.2％vs.72.9％±12.2％),error responses(39.8±20.3 vs.31.6±17.9),perseverative response(6.7±3.8 vs.5.3±2.9),and non-perseverative errors(37.6±21.0 vs.28.9±18.1)]were significant(P<0.05).Dichotomous logistic regression analysis showed that the frequency of NSSI(OR=1.051,95％CI:1.021-1.082)and the score of perseverative response(OR=1.100,95％CI:1.008-1.199)were significantly associated with suicidal behavior among adolescents with NSSI(P<0.05).Moreover,perseverative response partially mediated the association between NSSI and SA(95％CI of Za×Zb:0.0003-0.0168).Conclusion High NSSI and low cognitive flexibility are risk factors for suicide attempts in NSSI adolescents and NSSI may also affect SA indirectly by lowering cognitive flexibility.

Kidney disease constitutes a significant global public health issue,with its associated healthcare burden escalating annually.Lipid metabolism disorders play a crucial role in the onset and progression of various kidney diseases.Given the diversity of lipid species and the complexity of metabolic pathways,traditional research methods often fall short in fully elucidating the intricate roles of lipids in kidney diseases.In this context,lipido-mics,the systematic analysis of lipid molecules and their metabolic alterations in biological samples,emerges as a powerful tool with unique research value and clinical potential.This review summarizes the latest findings in lipido-mics across various kidney diseases and discusses the challenges encountered in clinical application and future research directions.

Objective To explore the impact of peptidylarginine deiminase 2(Padi2)-knockout on depressive-like behaviors in socially isolated mice.Methods Using CRISPR/Cas9 technology,a Padi2-knockout(Padi2-/-)mouse model with a C57BL/6J background was established,and the effect of Padi2 knockout was identified by genotyping and RT-qPCR detection.Six-week-old male Padi2-/- mice and wild-type C57BL/6J mice were selected and divided into normal rearing and social isolation groups,with 15 mice per group.The normal rearing group mice were housed with 5 mice per cage,and the social isolation group was housed with 1 mouse per cage,and weighed once a week.After 4 weeks,forced swimming and open field tests were conducted.After the behavioral experiments,brain tissues were taken from mice in each group,and changes in microglia in the brains were detected by immunofluorescence.Results We successfully established Padi2-/- mice.There was no difference in behavior between Padi2-/- mice and C57BL/6J mice in the normal rearing group.After social isolation,compared with C57BL/6J mice,Padi2-/- mice showed a significant increase in depressive symptoms,obvious weight gain,and a significant increase in the number of microglia in brain tissue.Conclusions Padi2 knockout exacerbated depressive-like behaviors and obesity in socially isolated mice,indicating that Padi2 is involved in the progression of depression and may be an effective target for the prevention and treatment of depression.

Objective:To investigate the effects of long non-coding RNA 01694(LINC01694)regulating the microRNA-128-3p(miR-128-3p)/telomeric repeat binding factor 1(TERF1)axis on the malignant biological behaviors of prostate cancer(PC)cells.Methods:Cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues from 20 PC patients undergoing surgery at the Department of Urology,Jingzhou Central Hospital,between January 2023 and January 2024 were collected.Human PC cell lines(PC-3,DU145,LNCaP,C4-2)and normal human prostate epithelial RWPE-1 cells were routinely cultured.LNCaP cells were transfected with sh-LINC01694,sh-NC,miR-128-3p inhibitor,inhibitor-NC,miR-128-3pmimics,pcDNA,and pcDNA-LINC01694 using Lipo6000? transfection reagent.Cells were divided into the following groups:Ctrl,sh-NC,sh-LINC01694,sh-LINC01694+NC inhibitor,sh-LINC01694+miR-128-3p inhibitor,pcDNA,and pcDNA LINC01694 groups.The mRNA expression of LINC01694,miR-128-3p,and TERF1 in PC tissues and cells,as well as LNCap cells in each group,was detected by qPCR.The protein expression of TERF1,caspase-3,cyclin D1,E-cadherin,and N-cadherin in LNCaP cells of each group was detected by WB method.Clone formation assay,flow cytometry,and Transwell chamber assay were applied to detect proliferation,apoptosis,migration,and invasion of LNCaP cells,respectively.Dual luciferase reporter gene assay,RNA pull-down assay,and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation(RIP)assay were applied to verify the targeting binding relationship between LINC01694 and miR-128-3p as well as between TERF1 and miR-128-3p.Nude mouse LNCaP cell xenograft experiment was conducted to assess the effect of LINC01694 knockdown on tumor growth.Results:LINC01694 was highly expressed in PC tissues and cells(all P<0.05).Knockdown of LINC01694 in LNCaP cells promoted the protein expression of miR-128-3p,caspase-3,and E-cadherin,inhibited the protein expression of LINC01694,TERF1,cyclin D1,and N-cadherin,reduced cell proliferation,migration,and invasion,and promoted apoptosis(all P<0.05).All these effects were partially reversed by the miR-128-3p inhibitor(all P<0.05).LINC01694 could directly bind to miR-128-3p(P<0.05),while miR-128-3p could directly bind to TERF1 mRNA(P<0.05),indicating that LINC01694 regulates the miR-128-3p/TERF1 axis.Knockdown of LINC01694 significantly inhibited the growth of LNCaP cell xenografts in nude mice(P<0.05).Conclusion:LINC01694 regulates the malignant biological behaviors of LNCaP cells through the miR-128-3p/TERF1 axis.

Aim To evaluate the ameliorative effects of different ratios of Renshen-Huangjing(RH) on SPS-induced PTSD-like behaviors in mice,and to investi-gate the action mechanism using bioinformatics analysis and experimental studies.Methods The aqueous ex-tract was extracted in four ratios of RH in a total weight of 60 g,i.e.1∶0(RH1),2∶1(RH2),1∶2(RH3),and 0∶1(RH4).The extraction rates of Rg1,Rb1,and polysaccharides from different ratios of RH were then detected using UPLC-UV method.The SPS model was established,and RH1,RH2,RH3 and RH4(400 mg·kg-1)were administered by intragas-tric gavage for 14 day,followed by behavioral tests to e-valuate the PTSD-like behaviors.The serum CORT,IL-1β and IL-10 were determined by ELISA.The possible targets of action were analyzed using bioinformatics.The expression levels of Calpain-1,PSD95,BDNF and GluN2B in the hippocampus were detected by Western blot.Results The SPS model induced PTSD-like be-haviors in mice.Serum levels of CORT and IL-1β in-creased and level of IL-10 decreased in SPS model.After treatment with different ratios of RHs,RH2 showed the best therapeutic effect,which was manifes-ted in the suppression of PTSD-like behaviors,the re-duction of CORT and IL-1β levels,and the promotion of IL-10 levels;160 overlapping targets might explain the therapeutic effects of RH on PTSD,and these tar-gets were enriched in inhibiting synaptic damage,exer-ting antioxidant properties and suppressing neuroin-flammation,respectively.RH2 prevented the SPS-in-duced decrease in the expression of Calpain-1,PSD95,BDNF and the elevation of GluN2B.Molecular docking showed strong binding of Rg1 and Rb1 to Calpain-1,PSD95,and BDNF,respectively.Conclusions The a-queous extract of RH in a 2∶1 ratio can more effec-tively prevent SPS-induced PTSD-like behaviors,and its effect may be related to targets such as Calpain-1,PSD95,BDNF and GluN2B.