BACKGROUND:This study provided insight into the molecular mechanisms by which exogenous basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)promotes wound healing. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of exogenous bFGF on macrophage phenotype transition and granulation regeneration during wound repair in rats. METHODS:(1)In vitro experiment:Cells were divided into normal control group,low-dose bFGF group,high-dose bFGF group,and bFGF+valproic acid group.100 and 200 μg/L bFGF was added into the cell culture medium of low-dose bFGF group and high-dose bFGF group,respectively,while 200 μg/L bFGF and 20 mmol/L valproic acid were added into the cell culture medium of valproic acid group.EdU test,scratch test and tubule formation test were used to detect the effects of bFGF on proliferation,migration and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells.(2)In vivo experiment:Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into model group,low-dose bFGF group,high-dose bFGF group and bFGF+valproic acid group.The open wound model of full-thickness skin defect was established in low-dose bFGF group,high-dose bFGF group and bFGF+valproic acid group.Rats in the low-and high-dose bFGF groups were given 100 and 200 μg/L bFGF through subcutaneous injection,while those in the bFGF+valproic acid group received subcutaneous injection of 200 μg/L bFGF and intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg valproic acid.The wound healing rate of rats was detected at 7 and 14 days of administration.TUNEL was used to detect the apoptosis of cells in wound tissue.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the serum levels of malondialdehyde,superoxide dismutase,tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-10.Immunofluorescence detection was conducted to detect the phenotypic transformation of macrophages in wound tissue.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen,platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1(CD31)and vascular endothelial growth factor in wound tissue.Western blot was used to detect the expression of Notch1 and Jagged1 in wound tissue. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with the normal control group,bFGF could significantly promote the proliferation,migration and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in a dose-dependent manner.(2)Compared with the model group,bFGF could significantly promote wound healing,downregulate the rate of apoptosis in wound tissue,decrease the levels of malondialdehyde and tumor necrosis factor-α in serum,increase the levels of superoxide dismutase and interleukin-10,promote the conversion of macrophages to type M2 in wound tissue,upregulate the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen,CD31 and vascular endothelial growth factor in wound tissue,and inhibit the expression of Notch1 and Jagged1 in a dose-dependent manner.Valproic acid could partially reverse the promoting effect of bFGF on wound healing.To conclude,bFGF can significantly promote wound healing and granulation regeneration and induce the conversion of macrophages to M2,which may be related to the regulation of Notch1/Jagged1 signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the longitudinal relationship between sleep duration(SD)and positive youth development(PYD)among primary and secondary school students in Chengdu city using a cross-lagged model,and to provide scientific evidence for enhancing sleep management practices for students.Methods A total of 4061 students of grades 3 through 9 from the Chengdu Child Positive Development Cohort were included in this three-wave longitudinal study.There was a one-year interval between one survey and the following round of survey,and the time points for the baseline,12-month follow-up,and 24-month follow-up surveys were designated T0,T1,and T2.The PYD of the participants was assessed using the Chinese version of the Positive Youth Development Scale.The demographic data and the average daily SD over the past month were collected.Spearman correlation analysis was performed to examine the associations between SD and PYD,and a cross-lagged model was used to investigate the longitudinal relationship between them.Results The average daily SD for the 3 rounds of surveys conducted at T0,T1,and T2 was 9.00(8.04,10.00)hours,10.44(9.67,11.11)hours,and 10.39(9.83,11.00)hours,respectively,while the PYD scores were 5.30(4.73,5.71),5.27(4.73,5.73),and 5.39(4.89,5.77),respectively.Statistical significance was found in the differences of SD and PYD scores across the 3 rounds(P＜0.05).Spearman correlation analysis revealed synchronous correlations between SD and PYD at all three time points(r=0.10 at T0,r=0.18 at T1,and r=0.21 at T2,P＜0.05)and significant lagged correlations(e.g.,r=0.10 for T1-PYD and T2-SD,and likewise,significant correlation was found for the 3 other cross-lagged paths).The cross-lagged model demonstrated that PYD at T0 and T1 positively predicted SD at T1 and T2,respectively(β0-1=0.116[95％CI,0.083-0.150],β1-2=0.097(95％CI,0.067-0.127),P＜0.05),and that SD at T0 and T1 also positively predicted PYD at T1 and T2(β0-1=0.028[95％CI,0-0.056],β1-2=0.042[95％CI,0.010-0.074],P＜0.05).According to these findings,a bidirectional predictive relationship between SD and PYD across different time points was observed in primary and secondary school students.Furthermore,PYD demonstrated better performance for predicting SD than SD did for PYD.Subgroup analysis by sex confirmed the robustness of the predictive power of PYD for SD.Conclusion This study reveals a positive bidirectional predictive relationship between SD and PYD among primary and secondary school students,suggesting that higher levels of PYD may contribute to adequate sleep.These findings provide critical scientific evidence for schools and families to strengthen sleep management and promote the holistic development and well-being of adolescents.

Objective:This study evaluates the performance of chemiluminescence assay, which is designed to detect Hepatitis D Virus (HDV) Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies.Methods:A comparative analysis was conducted among chemiluminescence anti-HDV IgG reagent, the magnetic particle-based domestic reagent A and domestic reagent B, and the Robo Gene HDV RNA kit, using 1909 HBsAg-positive plasma samples. This comparison aimed to delineate clinical specificity and detection accuracy. The anti-HDV IgG reagent precision was assessed at three different concentration levels following the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute EP5-A2 guidelines. The specificity of the assay was validated using 200 HAV IgM positive, 545 HBsAg-positive but anti-HDV IgG-negative, 350 anti HCV positive plasma samples and 200 healthy human blood samples. Additionally, a concordance study was conducted with 545 HBsAg-positive and 37 anti-HDV IgG-positive plasma samples, comparing the anti-HDV IgG reagent against reagent A.Results:1 909 HBsAg-positive plasma samples were tested using 3 anti HDV IgG reagent and 1 HDV RNA reagent, 19 samples were identified as anti-HDV IgG-positive. The anti-HDV IgG demonstrated superior accuracy and specificity. The assay exhibited excellent precision, with intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) values ranging from 1.57% to 4.30%, and inter-assay CV values between 1.71% and 4.67% for detecting samples at high, medium, and low concentration levels. Concordance with Reagent A showed consistent results in both positive and negative detections.Conclusion:In this study, the anti-HDV IgG reagent (chemiluminescence method) displayed outstanding specificity in detecting clinical samples and exhibited a high conformity rate with commercialized reagents, making it potentially suitable for screening anti-HDV IgG in HBsAg-positive samples.

Objective:This study aims to evaluate the quality and explore the preliminary clinical applications of a domestically developed hepatitis D virus nucleic acid quantification reagent (abbreviated as"domestic HDV RNA reagent").Methods:The sensitivity and accuracy of the reagent were evaluated in accordance with the WHO HDV RNA international standard, employing the Bio-Rad CFX Opus 96 real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR analysis system. Serial dilutions of pseudo-viruses or cell culture-derived virus were used to determine the linear range of the domestic HDV RNA reagent. Specificity was assessed using positive samples of HAV, HBV, HCV infection, and HEV national reference materials. Precision was evaluated with samples at both high and low concentrations. In a comparative analysis, 30 HDV IgG positive samples were tested using both the domestic HDV RNA reagent and the RoboGene HDV RNA kit based on the ABI 7500 FAST DX system. The Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was used to examine the correlation between the two reagents.Results:The domestic HDV RNA reagent demonstrated a high sensitivity of up to 6 IU/ml, consistent with that of the comparator reagent. The calibration curve for WHO HDV RNA standards had a slope of -3.286, with an amplification efficiency of 101.6%. The linear detection range spanned from 10 to 10 8 IU/ml for eight HDV genotypes. The domestic HDV RNA reagent exhibited exceptional specificity, without cross-reactivity observed with HAV, HBV, HCV, or HEV. Accuracy assessments at five concentration levels met the required standards, with intra-assay precision coefficient of variation ( CV) ranging from 1.20% to 4.20%, and inter-assay precision CV from 1.20% to 7.90%. The detection results for HDV IgG positive samples were highly correlated with the comparator reagent ( r=0.984, P<0.001), achieving a diagnostic accuracy of 100% compared to sequencing results. Conclusion:In this study, the domestic HDV RNA reagent possesses excellent specificity, accuracy, precision, and a broad linear range, attaining a sensitivity level on par with international reagents of the same type.

Previously, the diagnosis of schizophrenia was empirical since it relied on the patient′s subjective symptoms and the practitioner′s clinical experience. There is an urgent need for objective and reproducible assessment tools to aid its diagnosis. Changes in brain structure and function are closely related to the development of schizophrenia. The retina, a part of the central nervous system, is highly similar to the brain morphologically and neurophysiologically and can be assessed by a non-invasive and convenient fundus examination. There have been studies using optical coherence tomography, fundus photography, optical coherence tomography angiography, and electroretinography to identify significant changes in the structure and function of the fundus in patients with schizophrenia. However, there is still a lack of generalization in these studies. This article summarises and discusses the findings in this area and presents a vision for future studies to explore the application value of fundus in the management of schizophrenia.

Cardiovascular diseases is the leading cause of threat to human life and health worldwide. Early risk assessment, timely diagnosis, and prognosis evaluation are critical to the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Currently, the evaluation of diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases mainly relies on imaging examinations such as coronary CT and coronary angiography, which are expensive, time-consuming, partly invasive, and require high professional competence of the operator, making it difficult to promote in the community or in areas where medical resources are scarce. The fundus microcirculation is a part of the human microcirculation and has similar embryological origins and physiopathological features to cardiovascular circulation. Several studies have revealed fundus imaging biomarkers associated with cardiovascular diseases, and developed and validated intelligent diagnosis and treatment models for cardiovascular diseases based on fundus imaging data. Fundus imaging is expected to be an important adjunct to cardiovascular disease diagnosis and treatment given its noninvasive and convenient nature. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current research status, challenges, and future prospects of the application of artificial intelligence based on multimodal fundus imaging data in cardiovascular disease diagnosis and treatment.

Previously, the diagnosis of schizophrenia was empirical since it relied on the patient′s subjective symptoms and the practitioner′s clinical experience. There is an urgent need for objective and reproducible assessment tools to aid its diagnosis. Changes in brain structure and function are closely related to the development of schizophrenia. The retina, a part of the central nervous system, is highly similar to the brain morphologically and neurophysiologically and can be assessed by a non-invasive and convenient fundus examination. There have been studies using optical coherence tomography, fundus photography, optical coherence tomography angiography, and electroretinography to identify significant changes in the structure and function of the fundus in patients with schizophrenia. However, there is still a lack of generalization in these studies. This article summarises and discusses the findings in this area and presents a vision for future studies to explore the application value of fundus in the management of schizophrenia.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of upregulation of HuR gene on the radiosensitivity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell Kyse450. Methods:The HuR gene of Kyse450 cells was upregulated by lentivirus. At the same time, X-ray irradiation at a dose of 6 Gy was selected as the intervention condition. Western blot and qPCR were used to detect the expression levels of protein and RNA after Kyse450 transfection, respectively. CCK8 kit was employed to determine the cell proliferation rate. Clone formation assay was adopted to evaluate the ability of cell clone formation. Wound healing experiment and the Transwell test were performed to detect changes in cell migration. Results:CCK8 assay showed that the proliferation ability of cells was enhanced after upregulation of HuR gene, and this enhancement trend was more obvious after radiation. The plate cloning experiment showed that with the increase of radiation dose, the clone formation rates were decreased in both groups, but the clone formation rate in the overexpression group was higher than that in the control group. Wound healing experiment and Transwell test demonstrated that the wound healing rate and migration ability in the overexpression group were higher than those in the control group, and the difference was more significant after radiotherapy. Western blot showed that the levels of MMP9 and MMP2 at 24 h after radiotherapy in the overexpression group were higher than those in the control group. Conclusion:The upregulation of HuR can enhance the proliferation, cloning, migration capabilities and decrease the radiosensitivity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells.

Iron is an essential trace element for both humans and bacteria. It plays a vital role in life, such as in redox reactions and electron transport. Strict regulatory mechanisms are necessary to maintain iron homeostasis because both excess and insufficient iron are harmful to life. Competition for iron is a war between humans and bacteria. To grow, reproduce, colonize, and successfully cause infection, pathogens have evolved various mechanisms for iron uptake from humans, principally Fe 3+ -siderophore and Fe 2+ -heme transport systems. Humans have many innate immune mechanisms that regulate the distribution of iron and inhibit bacterial iron uptake to help resist bacterial invasion and colonization. Meanwhile, researchers have invented detection test strips and coupled antibiotics with siderophores to create tools that take advantage of this battle for iron, to help eliminate pathogens. In this review, we summarize bacterial and human iron metabolism, competition for iron between humans and bacteria, siderophore sensors, antibiotics coupled with siderophores, and related phenomena. We also discuss how competition for iron can be used for diagnosis and treatment of infection in the future.
Humans ; Siderophores/metabolism* ; Iron/metabolism* ; Bacteria ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology* ; Biological Transport

Objective:To compare MRI findings of uveal melanomas and other intraocular masses in adults and to evaluate the optimal MRI features for the differential diagnosis.Methods:The MRI data of 254 patients with intraocular masses confirmed by histopathologic or clinical follow-up results from March 2005 to December 2015 in Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University was analyzed retrospectively. A total of 128 patients with uveal melanoma and 126 patients with other intraocular masses were enrolled. MRI findings of the masses including the location, shape, margin, signal intensity on T 1WI and T 2WI compared to the gray matter and vitreous body, homogeneity and degree of enhancement of the mass, secondary retinal detachment, height, and ratio of basal diameter to height were compared between uveal melanoma and other intraocular masses by χ 2 test or independent t test. The logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the most discriminating MRI features. The diagnostic performance of different predictive models was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The model of multiple parameters was established by logistic analysis, and the diagnostic efficacy was evaluated. Results:The location, shape, margin, signal intensity on T 1WI and T 2WI compared to the gray matter and vitreous body, homogeneity and degree of enhancement of the mass, secondary retinal detachment, height and ratio of basal diameter to height were significantly different between the uveal melanoma and other intraocular masses (all P<0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the signal intensity on T 1WI and T 2WI compared to the gray matter, height, shape, location, degree of enhancement of the mass, and secondary retinal detachment were associated with higher likelihood of uveal melanoma. The mass with hypointense on T 2WI (compared with gray matter) was the best MRI feature in the differential diagnosis of uveal melanoma and other intraocular masses (odds ratio 12.237), with the accuracy of 86.2%. The diagnostic accuracy of low signal on T 2WI and high signal on T 1WI (compared with gray matter) was significantly higher than those of vitreous (Delong test, P<0.001). The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the combination of height, degree of enhancement, T 1WI and T 2WI signal compared to the gray matter were 90.6%, 92.1% and 96.1%, respectively. The diagnostic performance of combination features was higher than that of each single sign ( P<0.001). Conclusion:MRI features including the signal intensity on T 1WI and T 2WI compared to the gray matter, height, shape, degree of enhancement of the mass, and secondary retinal detachment are helpful in the differential diagnosis between uveal melanoma and other intraocular masses. In addition, the gray matter as the reference is superior to the vitreous body in the evaluation of the signal intensity of intraocular masses.