Objective To analyze the sleep problems and temperament characteristics of children aged 12-35 months so as to understand the relationship between the sleep problems and temperament in early childhood.Methods 129 toddlers with sleep problems and 129 normal controls were selected.The brief infant sleep questionnaire(BISQ)was used to investigate children's sleep problems and the temperament questionnaire was used to investigate their temperament characteristics.The influence of temperament on sleep problems was analyzed by Logistic regression analysis.Results The temperament types of children aged 12 to 35 months with sleep problems were mainly easy to cultivate and moderately easy to cultivate.There was a statistically significant difference(P<0.05)in the comparison of easily cultivating temperament types between the children with the sleep problems and the control group;Compared with the control group,there were statistically significant differences(P<0.05)in the five dimensions of avoidance,adaptability,emotional essence,persistence,and attention dispersion among children with sleep problems.Compared with the temperament type of easy to cultivate,the proportion of sleep problems in children intermediately easy to cultivate and slow to start was higher(both P<0.05)Conclusion There is a certain relationship between the sleep problems and temperament types in children aged 12 to 35 months.Early understanding of sleep problems and temperament characteristics of toddlers can guide parents to adjust their education methods in time,give parents"individualized"sleep guidance and intervention,reduce the occurrence of long-term development problems and promote the healthy physical and mental development of toddlers.

To standardize the management of adverse drug reactions in medical institutions and ensure medicine safety,based on relevant national regulations,normative documents,international and domestic adverse drug reaction management guide-lines,and expert opinions,the Chinese Hospital Association Pharmaceutical Specialized Committee led the development of the ad-verse drug reaction management standard.This article elaborated on the formulation process of this standard and provides an in-depth analysis of its key contents.It aimed to offer guidance and reference for medical personnel,helping them to thoroughly under-stand and master the management requirements of adverse drug reactions,thereby enhancing the management level of adverse drug reactions and ensuring the safe use of medications for patients.

Clinical pharmacist training is an important way to strengthen the clinical pharmacist team's construction and improve their pharmaceutical service capabilities and levels.The Pharmacy Administration and Pharmacy Practice in Healthcare Institutions-Part 4-8-1:Pharmacy Administration-Pharmacy Training Management-Clinical Pharmacist Training was based on the relevant requirements of the current clinical pharmacist training system of the Chinese Hospital Association,and formulated by sor-ting out relevant materials,such as standards,policies and regulations,technical specifications,literature,the current situation of clinical pharmacist training in China,and expert opinions.A total of 15 key elements of clinical pharmacist training were selected and divided into three aspects(base management,training process and assessment,and the quality management,evaluation and improvement).This article mainly introduced the construction method and content of the clinical pharmacist training standard,to deepen the understanding of the standard for relevant units and to promote the implementation of the standard.

Rescue vehicles and nursing unit drug stock are important in the clinical rescue process.Strengthening the management of rescue vehicles and nursing unit drug stock is conducive to ensuring the safety of clinical medication and impro-ving the quality of medical services.Based on scientificity,universality,guidance,and operability principles,the standard prepa-ration team revealed relevant national policy documents,domestic and foreign standards specifications,and literature.It sorted the key contents of rescue vehicles and base drug management.After several rounds of opinion collection and expert argumentation,the social organization standard Pharmacy administration and pharmacy practice in healthcare institutions—Part 3-7-3:Pharma-ceutical supply services—Key drugs management—Rescue vehicle and nursing unit drug stock management was proved.The main content of the standard includes 10 elements from 3 key parts:basic requirements,management processes,and quality manage-ment and evaluation improvement,to provide guidance in allocating,storing,and managing rescue vehicles and nursing unit drug stock.

Organizational and institutional management plays a pivotal role in the pharmaceutical management of medi-cal institutions.Strengthening management in this area significantly enhances the quality of medical services and promotes the standardization,refinement,and scientific management of hospitals at all levels and types.To achieve homogenization in organiza-tional and institutional management,the Pharmaceutical Specialized Committee,Chinese Hospital Association compilation team adhered to principles of scientific,universality,instructiveness,and operability.After in-depth problem sorting,extensive opinion collection,and rigorous expert deliberation,we have formulated the first domestic group standard for regulating the organizational and institutional systems of pharmaceutical management in medical institutions.This article aims to detail the process of formula-ting this standard and to provide an in-depth analysis of its content,hoping to offer valuable advice and guidance for the construc-tion of organizational and institutional management in pharmaceutical affairs for medical institutions of all levels and types.

Objective:The transcriptome data was utilized to screen cuproptosis-related genes(CRGs)in oral squamous cell car-cinoma(OSCC),and the characteristic genes were identified for constructing a prognostic model for predicting patients'survival time.Methods:OSCC transcriptome gene expression and clinical data were obtained from TCGA and GEO.Through Lasso regres-sion analysis and Cox regression analysis,relevant prognostic genes were screened and prognostic models were constructed.Ac-cording to the median value of risk scores,patients were divided into high and low risk groups,and their survival rates were com-pared.Finally,the predictive performance of the model was verified.Results:In this study,9 characteristic genes with prognostic value(ENO2,P4HA1,SLC2A3,AQP1,PLS1,NXPH4,CTSG,TRAC,THBS1)were screened out and a 9-gene prognostic model was constructed.The survival rate of high-risk group based on prognostic model was significantly lower than that of low-risk group.The area under curve(AUC)of receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was 0.701,0.729 and 0.702 at 1 year,3 years and 5 years,respectively,which verifies that the risk model has good predictive performance.The nomogram predicted that the 1-year,3-year,and 5-year survival probabilities of OSCC patients are 89.6％,72.4％,and 63.9％respectively,and the cal-ibration curve confirmed the accuracy of the nomogram prediction.Conclusion:The 9-gene prognostic model based on CRGs screening could predict the prognosis of OSCC patients,which is helpful for clinical personalized treatment of OSCC patients and prediction of their survival rate.

Objective:To analyze the spatiotemporal correlation between the surveillance data of influenza in students reported by medical institutions and school absenteeism due to illness, and evaluate the application of Bayesian Structural Time Series model (BSTS) in the prediction of school influenza epidemic.Methods:A total of 13 schools in Dapeng new district of Shenzhen were selected. The incidence data of influenza in schools in Shenzhen from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019 were collected from China Disease Control and Prevention Information System and the illness related school absentence data during this period were collected from Shenzhen Student Health Surveillance System, and the spatiotemporal correlation between the data from two systems was analyzed and compared. BSTS was used to make long-term predictions of the monthly incidence of influenza in students in 2019 and short-term predictions of the weekly incidence of influenza in week 1-8 and week 45-52 of 2019 by using the data from two systems.Results:There was a temporal correlation between the data from China Disease Control and Prevention Information System and the data from Shenzhen Student Health Surveillance System ( r=0.93, P<0.001), and the lag of the former one was 1 day ( r=0.73, P<0.001). Influenza outbreaks were randomly distributed in different schools in Shenzhen, and there was no spatial correlation. The root mean square error ( RMSE) and mean absolute error ( MAE) were 0.35 and 0.28, respectively, in the long-term prediction, and the RMSE was 0.33 and 0.34, and the MAE was 0.26 and 0.28, respectively, in the short-term predictions of week 1-8 and week 45-52 of 2019, respectively, showing good prediction accuracy and fitting effect. Conclusion:By analyzing the data from China Disease Control and Prevention Information System and Shenzhen Student Health Surveillance System with BSTS, the dynamics of the school influenza epidemic can be accurately predicted, and effective technical support can be provided for the early warning and prevention and control of influenza epidemic.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective:To analyze the clinical features and prognosis of acute B lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) children carrying a TCF3: : PBX1 fusion gene and to evaluate the prognostic value of this gene.Methods:Retrospective cohort study.A total of 2 164 B-ALL children aged 0-18 years diagnosed and treated at 19 pediatric centers from October 2016 to June 2022 were enrolled.They were divided into the positive group and the negative group according to whether they carried a TCF3: : PBX1 fusion gene.The clinical characteristics, treatment response, adverse reactions, and prognosis of the 2 groups of patients were analyzed.The rank sum and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare two and more than two groups of numerical variables, respectively.Fisher′s exact test was used to compare categorical variables.Results:Among the 2 164 patients, 116 (5.4%) were TCF3: : PBX1 positive, of which 70 patients were female, accounting for 60.3%.There were 840 female patients in the TCF3: : PBX1-negative group, accounting for 41.0%.There was a significant difference in the ratio of females between the TCF3: : PBX1-positive and TCF3: : PBX1-negative groups ( P<0.001).No significant difference was observed in age of onset between the two groups( P>0.05).The proportion of bone marrow naive cells [54.00 (14.00, 76.50)% vs.29.00 (3.00, 68.00)%], white blood cell counts [25.30 (10.46, 60.94)×10 9/L vs.9.03 (4.38, 30.73)×10 9/L] and hemoglobin counts [82.00(63.00, 101.00) g/L vs.74.00(60.00, 90.00) g/L] in the TCF3: : PBX1-positive group were significantly higher than those in the negative group at the onset (all P<0.05).In terms of treatment response, the proportion of peripheral blood naive cells on Day 8 in the TCF3: : PBX1-positive group was significantly higher than that in the negative group [2.00 (0, 9.00)% vs.0 (0, 2.00)%, P<0.001].The proportion of minimal residual disease <0.1% on Day 15 in the TCF3: : PBX1-positive group was significantly higher than that in the negative group ( P=0.038).There were no significant differences in cumulative recurrence rate, treatment-related mortality (TRM), and overall survival (OS) between the TCF3: : PBX1-positive group and TCF3: : PBX1-negative group (all P>0.05).The cumulative recurrence risk of TCF3: : PBX1-positive patients was 9.646 times higher than that of ETV6: : RUNX1-positive patients with better prognosis( HR=9.646, 95% CI: 1.026-90.700, P=0.047).There were no significant differences in TRM and OS between TCF3: : PBX1-positive and ETV6: : RUNX1-positive patients (all P>0.05).A significant enrichment of PAX5 mutations was detected in TCF3: : PBX1-positive patients.Among the 7 high-risk TCF3: : PBX1-positive patients in a single center, 4 patients had PAX5 mutations, and this proportion was significantly higher than that in other patients ( P<0.001). Conclusions:B-ALL children carrying a TCF3: : PBX1 fusion gene have a high remission rate and good long-term prognosis after intensive chemotherapy.It is suggesting that TCF3: : PBX1-positive B-ALL patients should be rated at intermediate risk to receive intensive chemotherapy.

Objective:To analyze the spatiotemporal correlation between the surveillance data of influenza in students reported by medical institutions and school absenteeism due to illness, and evaluate the application of Bayesian Structural Time Series model (BSTS) in the prediction of school influenza epidemic.Methods:A total of 13 schools in Dapeng new district of Shenzhen were selected. The incidence data of influenza in schools in Shenzhen from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019 were collected from China Disease Control and Prevention Information System and the illness related school absentence data during this period were collected from Shenzhen Student Health Surveillance System, and the spatiotemporal correlation between the data from two systems was analyzed and compared. BSTS was used to make long-term predictions of the monthly incidence of influenza in students in 2019 and short-term predictions of the weekly incidence of influenza in week 1-8 and week 45-52 of 2019 by using the data from two systems.Results:There was a temporal correlation between the data from China Disease Control and Prevention Information System and the data from Shenzhen Student Health Surveillance System ( r=0.93, P<0.001), and the lag of the former one was 1 day ( r=0.73, P<0.001). Influenza outbreaks were randomly distributed in different schools in Shenzhen, and there was no spatial correlation. The root mean square error ( RMSE) and mean absolute error ( MAE) were 0.35 and 0.28, respectively, in the long-term prediction, and the RMSE was 0.33 and 0.34, and the MAE was 0.26 and 0.28, respectively, in the short-term predictions of week 1-8 and week 45-52 of 2019, respectively, showing good prediction accuracy and fitting effect. Conclusion:By analyzing the data from China Disease Control and Prevention Information System and Shenzhen Student Health Surveillance System with BSTS, the dynamics of the school influenza epidemic can be accurately predicted, and effective technical support can be provided for the early warning and prevention and control of influenza epidemic.