OBJECTIVE To explore the efficacy of Sour Jujube Seed Decoction combined with Huanglian Wendan Decoction on adult chronic insomnia and its effect on hypnotic withdrawal.METHODS 187 patients with chronic insomnia were included for anal-ysis,including 102 in the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)group and 85 in the western medicine group.The TCM group was trea-ted with Sour Jujube Seed Decoction combined with Huanglian Wendan Decoction,while the western medicine group was treated with benzodiazepine under the consideration of doctor.The intervention period was 1 month,with assessments using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)conducted before and after the intervention.Follow-up evaluations were performed at 3 months and 6 months re-spectively after the intervention.RESULTS There was no significant difference between the two groups at baseline.After the inter-vention,the PSQI scores of patients in both groups were significantly improved(P<0.01).Among them,the TCM group was better than the western medicine group in the improvement of sleep quality and sleeping pills,total PSQI score reduction(P<0.01).The re-sults of linear regression analysis showed that after controlling for confounding factors,the regression coefficients of the TCM group in two different models were1.821 and 1.922 respectively,and the former was statistically significant(P<0.05).By screening patients who took hypnotics at baseline in the TCM group and comparing them with those in the western medicine group,the influencing factors of hypnotic withdrawal were analyzed.During the 3-month follow-up,25 out of 39 patients in the TCM group and 17 out of 80 patients in the western medicine group had hypnotic withdrawal(χ2= 19.25,P<0.001);during the 6-month follow-up,23 of the 39 patients in the TCM group and 18 of the 79 patients in the western medicine group had hypnotic withdrawal(χ2= 13.53,P<0.001),the with-drawal rate of patients in the TCM group was significantly higher than that in the western medicine group.Further regression analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors,the results showed that the western medicine group had a significantly higher rate of not withdrawal than the TCM group at 3 months(OR=5.50,95%CI:2.30～13.72)and 6 months(OR=6.43,95%CI:2.54～17.77),and the results were statistically different(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Sour Jujube Seed Decoction combined with Huangli-an Wendan Decoction is effective in treating adult chronic insomnia and assisting in hypnotic withdrawal.

Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides (MOO) are an oral drug approved in China for the treatment of depression in China. However, MOO is hardly absorbed so that their anti-depressant mechanism has not been elucidated. Here, we show that oral MOO acted on tryptophan → 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) → serotonin (5-HT) metabolic pathway in the gut microbiota. MOO could increase tryptophan hydroxylase levels in the gut microbiota which accelerated 5-HTP production from tryptophan; meanwhile, MOO inhibited 5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase activity, thus reduced 5-HT generation, and accumulated 5-HTP. The raised 5-HTP from the gut microbiota was absorbed to the blood, and then passed across the blood-brain barrier to improve 5-HT levels in the brain. Additionally, pentasaccharide, as one of the main components in MOO, exerted the significant anti-depressant effect through a mechanism identical to that of MOO. This study reveals for the first time that MOO can alleviate depression via increasing 5-HTP in the gut microbiota.

Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum (JSCCR) guideline 2019 recommended that lymph node dissection for advanced rectal cancer should include the lymphatic adipose tissue at the root of the inferior mesenteric vessels, but the ligation site of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) was not determined, and the NCCN guideline did not indicate clearly whether to retain the left colonic artery (LCA). Controversy over whether to retain LCA is no more than whether it can reduce the incidence of anastomotic complications or postoperative functional damage without affecting the patients' oncological outcome. Focusing on the above problems, this paper reviews the latest research progress. In conclusion, it is believed that the advantages of retaining LCA are supported by most studies, which can improve the blood supply of the proximal anastomosis, and technically can achieve the same range of lymph node dissection as IMA high ligation. However, whether it affects the survival of patients, reduces the incidence of anastomotic leakage, and improves the quality of life of patients, more high-quality evidence-based medical evidence is still needed.
Arteries ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Mesenteric Artery, Inferior/surgery* ; Quality of Life ; Rectal Neoplasms/surgery*

The long-term and extensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the cultivation of Chinese materia medica has resulted in serious soil ecological and environmental problems such as secondary salinization, soil consolidation, soil acidification, continuous cropping obstacles, micro-ecological imbalance, and serious soil pests and diseases in the production areas of Chinese materia medica. Therefore, promoting the ecological planting of Chinese materia medica is the only way for the production of Chinese materia medica. Attapulgite(ATP) is a kind of water-rich magnesium-rich aluminosilicate clay mineral with layered and chain structure. It has abundant reserves in China, possesses nano-material properties, strong adsorption and ion exchange properties, and has huge high value utilization space. ATP and its functional products have the potential of water and fertilizer conservation, regulating soil structure and micro-ecology, and are widely used in ecological planting of Chinese materia medica. This paper reviews the resource distribution, structural characteristics, the research and application progress in soil ecological effects of ATP, and prospects the application prospects of it in the ecological planting of Chinese materia medica.
China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Magnesium Compounds ; Materia Medica ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Silicon Compounds ; Soil

Base Sequence ; Binding Sites, Antibody ; Biochemistry ; methods ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments ; genetics ; metabolism ; Immunoglobulin G ; genetics ; metabolism ; Ligands ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plasmids ; Protein Binding ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Staphylococcal Protein A ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the toxicity features of high glucose on the endothelial cell cycle and the influence of Dan Gua-Fang, a Chinese herbal compound prescription, on the reproductive cycle of vascular endothelial cells cultivated under a high glucose condition; to reveal the partial mechanisms of Dan Gua-Fang in the prevention and treatment of endothelial injury caused by hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus (DM); and offer a reference for dealing with the vascular complications of DM patients with long-term high blood glucose.

METHODSBased on the previous 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (z-y1)-3-5-diphenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) experiment, under different medium concentrations of glucose and Dangua liquor, the endothelial cells of vein-304 (ECV-304) were divided into 6 groups as follows: standard culture group (Group A, 5.56 mmol/L glucose); 1/300 herb-standard group (Group B); high glucose culture group (Group C, 16.67 mmol/L glucose); 1/150 herb-high glucose group (Group D); 1/300 herb-high glucose group (Group E); and 1/600 herb-high glucose group (Group F). The cell cycle was assayed using flow cytometry after cells were cultivated for 36, 72 and 108 h, respectively.

RESULTS(1) The percentage of cells in the G0/G1 phase was significantly increased in Group C compared with that in Group A (P<0.05), while the percentage of S-phase (S%) cells in Group C was significantly reduced compared with Group A (P<0.05); the latter difference was dynamically related to the length of growing time of the endothelial cells in a high glucose environment. (2) The S% cells in Group A was decreased by 30.25% (from 40.23% to 28.06%) from 36 h to 72 h, and 12.33% (from 28.06% to 24.60%) from 72 h to 108 h; while in Group C, the corresponding decreases were 23.05% and 21.87%, respectively. The difference of S% cells between the two groups reached statistical significance at 108 h (P<0.05). (3) The percentage difference of cells in the G2/M phase between Group C and Group A was statistically significant at 72 h (P<0.01). (4) 1/300 Dan Gua-Fang completely reversed the harmful effect caused by 16.67 mmol/L high glucose on the cell cycle; moreover it did not disturb the cell cycle when the cell was cultivated in a glucose concentration of 5.56 mmol/L.

CONCLUSIONSHigh glucose produces an independent impact on the cell cycle. Persistent blocking of the cell cycle and its arrest at the G0/G1 phase are toxic effects of high glucose on the endothelial cell cycle. The corresponding variation of the arrest appears in the S phase. 1/300 Dan Gua-Fang completely eliminates the blockage of high glucose on the endothelial cell cycle.

Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; pharmacology ; Cytoprotection ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; physiology ; Flow Cytometry ; Glucose ; adverse effects ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy and feasibility of duodenojejunal bypass(DJB)on non-severe obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).

METHODSThe body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose(FPG), 2h-postprandial plasma glucose(2hPG), fasting insulin(F-ins), fasting c-peptide(F-CP), glycated hemoglobin and hypoglycemic agents dose changes were tested in 7 patients with non-severe obese T2DM undergoing DJB, preoperatively and within 24 weeks after surgery during the follow-up. Data were collected and the clinical outcomes of T2DM were analyzed.

RESULTSIn 7 cases of non-obese T2DM who underwent DJB, one patient was weaned off hypoglycemic agents with normal FPG, 2hPG and HbA1c postoperatively. Five required significantly lower dosage. No significant improvement in 1 case. Complete remission rate of hyperglycemia was 1/7, effective rate was 6/7, and effective rate of HbA1c was 5/7. No significant changes in BMI were observed between the preoperative and postoperative phases.

CONCLUSIONPlasma glucose level can be markedly reduced by duodenojejunal bypass in non-obese T2DM, independent of weight loss, and the mechanism remains unclear.

Adult ; Aged ; Bariatric Surgery ; methods ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; surgery ; Duodenum ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Jejunum ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of anticolchicine cytotoxicity of Dan Gua-Fang, a Chinesea Chinese), a Chinese herbal compound prescription on endothelial cells of vein (ECV304) cultivated in mediums of different glucose concentrations as well as the proliferation of those cells in the same conditions, in order to reveal the value of Dan Gua-Fang in preventing and treating endothelial damage caused by hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus.

METHODSThe research was designed as three stages. The growing state and morphological changes were observed when ECV304 were cultivated in the culture mediums, which have different glucose concentrations with or without Dan Gua-Fang and at the same time with or without colchicine.

RESULTS(1) Dan Gua-Fang at all concentrations reduced the floating cell population of ECV304 cultivated in hyperglycemia mediums. (2) Dan Gua-Fang at all concentrations and hyperglycemia both had a function of promoting "pseudopod-like" structure formation in cultivated ECV304, but the function was not superimposed in mediums containing both hyperglycemia and Dan Gua-Fang. (3) Colchicine reduced and even vanished the "pseudopod-like" structure of the endotheliocyte apparently cultivated in mediums of hyperglycemia or with Dan Gua-Fang. The "pseudopod-like" structure of the endotheliocyte emerged quickly in Dan Gua-Fang groups after colchicine was removed, but it was not the case in hyperglycemia only without Dan Gua-Fang groups. (4) Dan Gua-Fang reduced the mortality of cells cultivated in mediums containing colchicine. The cell revived to its normal state fast after colchicine was removed.

CONCLUSIONDan Gua-Fang has the functions of promoting the formation of cytoskeleton and fighting against colchicine cytotoxicity.

Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Line ; Cell Shape ; drug effects ; Colchicine ; adverse effects ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Culture Media ; adverse effects ; pharmacology ; Cytoprotection ; drug effects ; Cytotoxins ; adverse effects ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Drug Antagonism ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Drug Synergism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; pharmacology ; Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; physiology ; Glucose ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Umbilical Veins ; cytology ; drug effects ; Up-Regulation

Objective To investigate the effect of HER-2/neu siRNA on proliferation of human glioma cell lines U251MG and T98G which over-express HER-2/neu, and explore its mechanism.Methods Liposome-mediated HER-2/neu siRNA was transfected into human glioma cell lines U251MG and T98G;lipofectin group was established as controls. The mRNA and protein levels of HER-2/neu were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting 3 d after the transfection. The proliferation of glioma cells was investigated using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay 3 and 4 d after the transfection. The effects of HER-2/neu siRNA on AKT/FOXO1 pathway and protein expression of p27 and Cyclin D1 were studied using Western blotting. Results HER-2/neu mRNA and protein expressions in the transfected U251MG cells were decreased to (28.833±4.174)% and (22.167±1.955)% while those in cells of the lipofectin group were (92.067±5.698)% and (96.100±1.682)%, respectively,with significant differences (P=0.000, 0.001). HER-2/neu mRNA and protein expressions of the transfected T98G cells were decreased to (28.067 ±6.165)% and (12.433 ±8.864)% while those in the untransfected cells were (96.000 ±5.110)% and (94.333 ±3.215)%, respectively, with significant differences (P=0.001, 0.008). Three d after the transfection, the rates of proliferation in the transfected T98G and U251MG cells were (58.467±5.561)% and (63.933±5.363)%, respectively;4 d after the transfection, the rates of proliferation in the transfected T98G and U251MG cells were (57.500±4.770)% and (60.167±3.253)%, respectively;an obvious decrease was noted as compared them with cells of the lipofectin group (P=0.020, 0.023, 0.021, 0.008). Cyclin Dl expression was decreased, while p27 protein expression was up-regulated in the transfected cells as compared with those in cells of the lipofectin group (P<0.05). Moreover, the levels of phosphorylated AKT and phosphorylated FOXO1 were decreased in the transfected cells as compared with those in cells of the lipofectin group (P<0.05).Conclusion The specific siRNA targeting HER-2/neu in human glioma cell lines U251MG and T98G could inhibit the cell proliferation, which might relate to the suppression of AKT/FOXO1 pathway and the regulation of expresion of thier downstream molecules such as p27 and Cyclin D1.

Objective To analyze the effects of-γ-knife treatment with different dosages on level of prolactin (PRL) in patients with different sizes of functional pituitary prolactinomas, and determine an index to guide hormone replacement therapy and the prognosis of -γ-knife treatment in patients with functional pituitary prolactinomas through comparing the changes of tumor sizes and the levels of PRL before and after -γ-knife treatment. Methods A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 248 patients with functional pituitary prolactinomas was performed; gamma knife treatment was performed on these patients from September 2004 to March 2008. We divided the patients into 3 groups: group Ⅰ (50 Gy≤central dose<60 Gy, 20 Gy＜marginal dose<30 Gy), group Ⅱ (40 Gy≤ central dose＜50 Gy, 15 Gy＜marginal dose<25 Gy) and group Ⅲ (30 Gy ≤ central dose<40 Gy, 12 Gy＜marginal dose<20 Gy). The irradiation dose on optic nerves in the 3 groups was under 9 Gy. Radioimmunoassay was employed to detect the serum PRL level before and 1, 3 and 12 months after γ-knife treatment. The changes of the tumor sizes were observed and compared with cranial MRI 1 and 2 years after -γ-knife treatment.Results Significant differences on the PRL level were noted before -γ-knife treatment between each 2 groups (P<0.05); the PRL level in group Ⅲ was lower as compared with that in group Ⅰ and Ⅱ before γ-knife treatment; however, the PRL level in group Ⅲ was higher as compared with that in group 112 months after -γ-knife treatment; the PRL level in all the 3 groups after γ-knife treatment was significantly lower as compared with that before γ-knife treatment (P<0.05). MRI showed that the tumor had 80% partial response rate (198/248) in the 1st year, 82% complete response rate (203/248) in the 2nd year, increased volume in 19 patients (7.7%) and no change in 26 patients (10.4%). Conclusion Different treatment doses of Gamma knife on functional pituitary prolactinomas has great influences on postoperative recovery of endocrine; the higher doses of the center and edge (especially center), the higher normal rate of postoperative PRL level. Whether it will cause long-term hypopituitarism needs continue follow-up.