Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a common spinal deformity in adolescents, with potential causes etiologies associated with mesenchymal stem cells, genetic factors, histological features, and biomechanical aspects. Biomechanically, the pelvis, serving as the central and majort load-bearing structure, exhibits morphological and alignment abnormalities highly correlated with the development of AIS. Recent studies have extensively explored three-dimensional pelvic parameters and kinematics, demonstrating that abnormal pelvic characteristics may contribute to AIS onset and progression and are increasingly incorporated into clinical interventions. This review summarizes sagittal and coronal features of the spine-pelvis, as well as the influence of three-dimensional kinematic features on the pathogenesis of AIS, providing insights for advancing the study of spine-pelvis features related to AIS.
Humans ; Scoliosis/pathology* ; Adolescent ; Spine/pathology* ; Pelvis/pathology* ; Biomechanical Phenomena

This study aimed to comprehensively examine the association of gallstones, cholecystectomy, and cancer risk. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to estimate the observational associations of gallstones and cholecystectomy with cancer risk, using data from a nationwide cohort involving 239 799 participants. General and gender-specific two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was further conducted to assess the causalities of the observed associations. Observationally, a history of gallstones without cholecystectomy was associated with a high risk of stomach cancer (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=2.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.50-4.28), liver and bile duct cancer (aOR=2.46, 95% CI 1.17-5.16), kidney cancer (aOR=2.04, 95% CI 1.05-3.94), and bladder cancer (aOR=2.23, 95% CI 1.01-5.13) in the general population, as well as cervical cancer (aOR=1.69, 95% CI 1.12-2.56) in women. Moreover, cholecystectomy was associated with high odds of stomach cancer (aOR=2.41, 95% CI 1.29-4.49), colorectal cancer (aOR=1.83, 95% CI 1.18-2.85), and cancer of liver and bile duct (aOR=2.58, 95% CI 1.11-6.02). MR analysis only supported the causal effect of gallstones on stomach, liver and bile duct, kidney, and bladder cancer. This study added evidence to the causal effect of gallstones on stomach, liver and bile duct, kidney, and bladder cancer, highlighting the importance of cancer screening in individuals with gallstones.
Humans ; Mendelian Randomization Analysis ; Gallstones/complications* ; Female ; Male ; Cholecystectomy/statistics & numerical data* ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Aged ; Adult ; Neoplasms/etiology* ; Stomach Neoplasms/epidemiology*

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of hydrogen peroxide disinfectant on terminal disinfection in wards of medical institutions.METHODS The surfaces of highly frequent contact objects of the wards of the First Affilia-ted Hospital of Nanchang University from which the public health center patients were discharged between Apr.2024 and Jun.2024 were respectively disinfected with 0.5％(low)and 5％(high)concentrations of hydrogen peroxide disinfecting wipes,totally 180 samples were randomly collected before and after the disinfection,and the pathogens were detected.The air of the wards from which the public health center patients were discharged be-tween Jul.2024 and Aug.2024 were disinfected with hydrogen peroxide dry mist disinfection device,and 90 sam-ples were respectively collected before and after the disinfection.Geobacillus stearothermophilus was used as the biological indicator and placed at various points within the air-disinfected wards to evaluate the disinfection level.The environmental sampling results and distribution of bacteria were observed and compared.RESULTS The qualified rates of disinfection of the object surfaces were 95.56％(86/90)and 98.89％(89/90)respectively for the low and high concentratioins of hydrogen peroxide disinfecting wipes,and there was no significant difference in the disinfection effect.Totally 120 strains of pathogens were isolated from unqualified samples before the disinfection,among which gram-negative bacteria(69.17％)were dominant,and the isolation rate of multidrug-resistant or-ganisms was 22.50％(27/120);only 1 strain of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii was isolated after the disinfection.The qualified rate of disinfection of air in the wards was 96.00％by 7.5％hydrogen peroxide dry mist disinfection device,the average bacterial colony counts in the air were 2 CFU/(5 min·vsl)after the dis-infection,and the killing rate of Geobacillus stearothermophilus was 100.00％by the air disinfection.CONCLUSION The hydrogen peroxide disinfectant can meet the requirement for terminal disinfection of the wards of the medical institutions,and it is portable and highly efficient.

Objective:This article introduces a novel technique for totally laparoscopic, right thoracic approach, esophagojejunostomy for digestive tract reconstruction.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction who successfully underwent totally laparoscopic esophagojejunostomy via the right thoracic approach at Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, between February 2022 and March 2022.The surgical procedure was performed as follows:(1)Following total laparoscopic resection of the gastric tumor and lymph node dissection, the specimen was transected distal to the tumor margin. The specimen was then placed into a retrieval bag and extracted through the umbilical observation port.(2)Dissection was continued through the esophageal hiatus to mobilize the esophagus. The tumor-bearing tissue, along with the esophagus, was delivered into the thoracic cavity via the esophageal hiatus.(3)The jejunum was transected 20 cm distal to the ligament of Treitz. The distal Jejunum was mobilized for 15-20 cm and subsequently delivered into the thoracic cavity through the esophageal hiatus.(4)A Roux-en-Y jejunojejunostomy was constructed 45-50 cm distal to the cut end of the distal jejunal limb; the mesenteric defect was closed, and the duodenal stump was reinforced.(5)The patient was repositioned into the left lateral decubitus position. Port placement was established as follows: the observation port at the 7th intercostal space (ICS) in the right midaxillary line, the main operating port at the 4th ICS in the anterior axillary line, and the assistant operating port at the 9th ICS in the scapular line.(6)The main operating port incision was enlarged. Using a purse-string instrument, the esophagus was clamped and transected at least 5 cm proximal to the upper tumor margin, and the specimen was removed. (7)The distal jejunum was delivered into the thoracic cavity via the esophageal hiatus. Under total laparoscopic visualization, esophagojejunostomy was completed.Results:Both patients who underwent totally laparoscopic esophagojejunostomy via the right thoracic cavity successfully completed the procedure without conversion to laparotomy, unplanned reoperation, or any intraoperative/postoperative complications. The patients recovered well postoperatively, with no evidence of abdominal or thoracic hemorrhage. Postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans of the chest and abdomen confirmed the absence of anastomotic leakage or other related complications.Conclusions:The esophagojejunostomy was performed totally laparoscopically via the right thoracic cavity. This approach overcomes the drawback of significant trauma associated with open surgery while ensuring safe esophageal resection margins and thorough lymph node dissection. This technique offers advantages including minimal invasiveness, accelerated postoperative recovery, and a reduced incidence of reflux esophagitis. To our knowledge, no similar method of digestive tract reconstruction has been reported in the literature. Its novelty and clinical potential may offer new therapeutic options for patients with Siewert type II adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG).

Objective:This article introduces a novel technique for totally laparoscopic, right thoracic approach, esophagojejunostomy for digestive tract reconstruction.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction who successfully underwent totally laparoscopic esophagojejunostomy via the right thoracic approach at Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, between February 2022 and March 2022.The surgical procedure was performed as follows:(1)Following total laparoscopic resection of the gastric tumor and lymph node dissection, the specimen was transected distal to the tumor margin. The specimen was then placed into a retrieval bag and extracted through the umbilical observation port.(2)Dissection was continued through the esophageal hiatus to mobilize the esophagus. The tumor-bearing tissue, along with the esophagus, was delivered into the thoracic cavity via the esophageal hiatus.(3)The jejunum was transected 20 cm distal to the ligament of Treitz. The distal Jejunum was mobilized for 15-20 cm and subsequently delivered into the thoracic cavity through the esophageal hiatus.(4)A Roux-en-Y jejunojejunostomy was constructed 45-50 cm distal to the cut end of the distal jejunal limb; the mesenteric defect was closed, and the duodenal stump was reinforced.(5)The patient was repositioned into the left lateral decubitus position. Port placement was established as follows: the observation port at the 7th intercostal space (ICS) in the right midaxillary line, the main operating port at the 4th ICS in the anterior axillary line, and the assistant operating port at the 9th ICS in the scapular line.(6)The main operating port incision was enlarged. Using a purse-string instrument, the esophagus was clamped and transected at least 5 cm proximal to the upper tumor margin, and the specimen was removed. (7)The distal jejunum was delivered into the thoracic cavity via the esophageal hiatus. Under total laparoscopic visualization, esophagojejunostomy was completed.Results:Both patients who underwent totally laparoscopic esophagojejunostomy via the right thoracic cavity successfully completed the procedure without conversion to laparotomy, unplanned reoperation, or any intraoperative/postoperative complications. The patients recovered well postoperatively, with no evidence of abdominal or thoracic hemorrhage. Postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans of the chest and abdomen confirmed the absence of anastomotic leakage or other related complications.Conclusions:The esophagojejunostomy was performed totally laparoscopically via the right thoracic cavity. This approach overcomes the drawback of significant trauma associated with open surgery while ensuring safe esophageal resection margins and thorough lymph node dissection. This technique offers advantages including minimal invasiveness, accelerated postoperative recovery, and a reduced incidence of reflux esophagitis. To our knowledge, no similar method of digestive tract reconstruction has been reported in the literature. Its novelty and clinical potential may offer new therapeutic options for patients with Siewert type II adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG).

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of hydrogen peroxide disinfectant on terminal disinfection in wards of medical institutions.METHODS The surfaces of highly frequent contact objects of the wards of the First Affilia-ted Hospital of Nanchang University from which the public health center patients were discharged between Apr.2024 and Jun.2024 were respectively disinfected with 0.5％(low)and 5％(high)concentrations of hydrogen peroxide disinfecting wipes,totally 180 samples were randomly collected before and after the disinfection,and the pathogens were detected.The air of the wards from which the public health center patients were discharged be-tween Jul.2024 and Aug.2024 were disinfected with hydrogen peroxide dry mist disinfection device,and 90 sam-ples were respectively collected before and after the disinfection.Geobacillus stearothermophilus was used as the biological indicator and placed at various points within the air-disinfected wards to evaluate the disinfection level.The environmental sampling results and distribution of bacteria were observed and compared.RESULTS The qualified rates of disinfection of the object surfaces were 95.56％(86/90)and 98.89％(89/90)respectively for the low and high concentratioins of hydrogen peroxide disinfecting wipes,and there was no significant difference in the disinfection effect.Totally 120 strains of pathogens were isolated from unqualified samples before the disinfection,among which gram-negative bacteria(69.17％)were dominant,and the isolation rate of multidrug-resistant or-ganisms was 22.50％(27/120);only 1 strain of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii was isolated after the disinfection.The qualified rate of disinfection of air in the wards was 96.00％by 7.5％hydrogen peroxide dry mist disinfection device,the average bacterial colony counts in the air were 2 CFU/(5 min·vsl)after the dis-infection,and the killing rate of Geobacillus stearothermophilus was 100.00％by the air disinfection.CONCLUSION The hydrogen peroxide disinfectant can meet the requirement for terminal disinfection of the wards of the medical institutions,and it is portable and highly efficient.

Background/Aims: Low educational attainment is a well-established risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in developed areas. However, the association between educational attainment and the risk of NAFLD is less clear in China. Methods: A cross-sectional study including over 200,000 Chinese adults across mainland China was conducted. Information on education level and lifestyle factors were obtained through standard questionnaires, while NAFLD and advanced fibrosis were diagnosed using validated formulas. Outcomes included the risk of NAFLD in the general population and high probability of fibrosis among patients with NAFLD. Logistic regression analysis was employed to estimate the risk of NAFLD and fibrosis across education levels. A causal mediation model was used to explore the potential mediators. Results: Comparing with those receiving primary school education, the multi-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for NAFLD were 1.28 (1.16 to 1.41) for men and 0.94 (0.89 to 0.99) for women with college education after accounting for body mass index. When considering waist circumference, the odds ratios (95% CIs) were 0.94 (0.86 to 1.04) for men and 0.88 (0.80 to 0.97) for women, respectively. The proportions mediated by general and central obesity were 51.00% and 68.04% for men, while for women the proportions were 48.58% and 32.58%, respectively. Furthermore, NAFLD patients with lower educational attainment showed an incremental increased risk of advanced fibrosis in both genders. Conclusions In China, a low education level was associated with a higher risk of prevalent NAFLD in women, as well as high probability of fibrosis in both genders.

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have diverse health-promoting effects, such as potentially protecting in immune, nervous, and cardiovascular systems by targeting a variety of sites, including most ion channels. Voltage-gated potassium channels of the K_V7 family and large-conductance Ca²⁺- and voltage-activated K⁺ (BK_Ca) channels are expressed in many tissues, therefore, their physiological importance is evident from the various disorders linked to dysfunctional K_V7 channels and BK_Ca channels. Thus, it is extremely important to learn how potassium channels are regulated by PUFAs. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the effects of PUFAs on K_V7 channels and BK_Ca channels functions, as well as the mechanisms underlying these effects. In summarizing reported effects of PUFAs on K_V7 and BK_Ca channels mediated currents, we generally conclude that PUFAs increase the current amplitude, meanwhile, differential molecular and biophysical mechanisms are associated with the current increase. In K_V7 channels the currents increasement are associated with a shift in the voltage dependence of channel opening and increased maximum conductance in K_V7 channels, while in BK_Ca channels, they are associated with destabilization the pore domain closed conformation. Furthermore, PUFA effects are influenced by auxiliary subunits of K_V7 and BK_Ca channels, associate with channels in certain tissues. although findings are conflicting. A better understanding of how PUFAs regulate K_V7 and BK_Ca channels may offer insight into their physiological regulation and may lead to new therapeutic strategies and approaches.

Objective To summarize the clinical experience of pulmonary lobectomy by uniportal video-assisted thoracoscope in parallel position.Methods The clinical data of 90 patients who underwent uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy in Zhongshan Hospital(Xiamen Branch),Fudan University were retrospectively analyzed.Among them,41 patients underwent lobectomy by uniportal thoracoscope in parallel position,and 49 patients underwent lobectomy by uniportal thoracoscope in non-parallel position.The perioperative related indicators of the two groups were compared.Results There was no significant statistical difference between the parallel uniportal thoracoscopic group and the non-parallel uniportal thoracoscopic group in terms of operation time[(135.2±18.1)min vs.(132.7±25.6)min],intraoperative blood loss[(100.1±27.2)mL vs.(117.3±33.5)mL],postperative extubation time[(3.0±0.7)d vs.(3.1±0.9)d],hospitalization time after operation[(4.3±1.3)d vs.(4.8±1.5)d]and relapse rate after surgery in 3 year(7.32%vs.10.20%).Conclusion Lobectomy by uniportal thoracoscope in parallel position was safe and feasible in technique.