Objective To understand the main serotypes, antibiotic resistance profiles and molecular typing characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes（LM) isolated from foods in Shandong Province from 2013 to 2016. Methods The antibiotic sensitivity of LM was tested by broth microdilution method. The serotypes were determined by slide agglutination and PCR, and the molecular typing was carried out by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing(MLST) . Results Most of 191 LM strains were sensitive to the eight antibiotics tested. Tetracycline resistance was most prevalent (15/191, 7.85%). There was no significant difference in the 8 antibiotic resistance monitored for 4 years (P=1.000). The serotype 1/2a, 1/2b and 1/2c accounted for 38.82% (66/170), 18.82% (32/170), and 42.36% (72/170), respectively. The patterns of SDSRZXDZ016, S2014L031 and SDSRZX030, totally accounted for 33.78%, were the dominant types. The main ST types were ST9, ST8 and ST121, which accounted for 81.18% (69/85). The clinical common types, ST3, ST7 and ST87 accounted for 8.23% (7/85), mainwhile new ST type was not found. Conclusion The LM strains isolated in Shandong Province from 2013 to 2016 were sensitive to most antibiotics, but some strains were resistant to tetracycline and erythromycin. The dominant serotypes were 1/2c and 1/2a. Serotype 4b, prone to outbreaks of listeriosis, was not found. The main PFGE types were SDSRZXDZ016, S2014L031 and SDSRZX030, which were continuously found from 2013 to 2016. The main ST types were ST8, ST9 and ST121. The clinical types, ST3, ST7 and ST87 were isolated from food and should be paid seriously attention to.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of combined acupuncture and medicine for external hemorrhoids. Method Included 68 patients with external hemorrhoids were allocated, in order of visits, to acupuncture, external application and acupuncture-medicine groups. The acupuncture group received acupuncture at points Chengshan (BL57) and Dachangshu (BL25); the external application group, external application of Divine Pain-Relief Decoction; the acupuncture-medicine group, comprehensive intervention. Result The pain was markedly relieved (P<0.01) but the severity of swelling and the size of hemorrhoids were less reduced (P<0.01, P<0.05) in the acupuncture group compared with the external application group. The therapeutic effect was better in acupuncturemedicine group than in the acupuncture and external application groups with more reduced size of hemorrhoids (P<0.01, P<0.05), lower VAS score (P<0.05, P<0.01) and lower swelling severity score (P<0.01, P<0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture is more effective in relieving the pain, while external application of herbal medicine is more effective in reducing the severity of swelling and the size of hemorrhoids. The combined use of acupuncture and medicine can synergically enhance the clinical therapeutic effect.

Objective To explore the effects of home exercise on sarcopenia obesity elderly.Methods From January to April, 2018, 80 patients with sarcopenia obesity were randomly divided into control group (CONG, n = 20), progressive resistance training group (PRTG, n = 20), aerobic exercise training group (ATG, n =20) and muscle strength combined with aerobic exercise training group (CTG, n = 20). The training groups accepted their exercise in home for eight weeks. Their body composition, muscle strength, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in blood were measured before training, eight weeks and twelve weeks after training.Results Skeletal muscle mass increased in all the training groups compared with that of CONG after training, while fat mass, body mass index and visceral fat area reduced. Muscle strength increased in all the training groups compared with that of CONG after training, while the grip strength, knee extensor strength increased in PRTG and ATG. IGF-1 increased in PRTG and ATG, while IL-6 decreased in PRTG.Conclusion Home exercise can improve the body composition of patients with sarcopenia obesity elderly, as well as muscle strength, which may be related to increase of IGF-1 and decrease of IL-6.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and analyze the accuracy of three-dimensional camera system acquisition based on stereophotography for the photographic acquisition of images of facial deformities. METHODS: 3D digital models of 45 waxen facial models of patients with facial deformities were obtained via a 3D camera system based on stereophotography. A total of 19 feature lines were measured on each 3D model by using the software. The measurements taken by the coordinate-measuring machine were accepted as standard values. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the accuracy of the system and the corresponding factors. RESULTS: Statistical analysis results showed that the measured values of the characteristic distance obtained by 3D camera system were statistically different from the standard values (P<0.001). Convex deformities had significant influence on the measuring error of 3D camera system (P<0.05), while cleft deformities had no significant influence on the measuring error (P>0.05). The facial regions significantly influenced measuring error (P<0.05). The deformities had no significant influence on the percentage of measurement values (P>0.05). The middle facial regions had significant difference with bilateral facial regions on the percentage of measurement values (P<0.05), while the left and right facial regions had no significant difference (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The accuracy of 3D camera system based on stereophotography for the photographic acquisition of facial deformities are influenced by the morphology of the facial deformities and facial regions. Moreover, the measuring error is acceptable in clinical settings.
Craniofacial Abnormalities ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Reproducibility of Results ; Software

The aim of this paper was to systematically evaluate the toxicity-reducing effect of Tripterygium-licorice in animal experiments,and also to provide evidence for basic research on the toxicity reduction of Tripterygium wilfordii. The PubMed,EMbase,Web of Science,CBM,CNKI and Wan Fang Databases from their establishment to August 31 th,2018 were searched. Two independent reviewers screened the papers,extracted the data,assessed the risk of bias using SYRCLE assessment tool and conducted Meta-analysis with Rev Man 5. 3 software. A total of 10 papers involving 31 studies were finally included,15 studies of which were used for Meta-analysis. Four studies were included for chronic hepatotoxicity animal model. In experimental group( 34 animals),Tripterygium was administered at dose of 0. 09-0. 1 mg·kg-1·d-1,and glycyrrhizic acid was administered at dose of 90-100 mg·kg-1,both for 2 weeks; in control group( 34 animals),glycyrrhizic acid was replaced with equal volume of normal saline. Eleven studies were included for acute hepatotoxicity animal model. In experimental group( 66 animals),glycyrrhizic acid was administered at dose of 75-480 mg·kg-1 for 7 days,then glycyrrhizic acid was stopped,and Tripterygium began to be administered at dose of 0. 6-1. 0 mg·kg-1 per 24 h or 48 h for a total of 1-2 times; in control group( 66 animals),glycyrrhizic acid was replaced with equal volume of normal saline or corresponding solvent. The results of Meta-analysis showed that in both chronic hepatotoxicity animal model and acute hepatotoxicity animal model,the transaminase levels in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group( P < 0. 05). Subgroup analysis of acute hepatotoxicity animal model showed that the transaminase levels in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group for every subgroup except " glycyrrhizic acid 75 mg·kg-1" subgroup. However,in terms of the mean difference( MD) and confidence interval( CI),there was no significant difference in transaminase decline between each subgroup. Low dose of glycyrrhizic acid( 90-100 mg·kg-1) has a toxicity-reduction effect on chronic hepatotoxicity induced by tripterygium( 0. 09-0. 10 mg·kg-1). Middle and high doses of glycyrrhizic acid( 120-480 mg·kg-1) have a toxicity-reduction effect on acute hepatotoxicity induced by tripterygium( 0. 6-1. 0 mg·kg-1),but with no significant dose-effect relationship.
Animals ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; prevention & control ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; toxicity ; Glycyrrhiza ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; administration & dosage ; Tripterygium ; chemistry ; toxicity

OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical efficacy of Tri-Lock bio-short prosthesis in artificial total hip arthroplasty(THA) in young patients with Dorr type C femoral medullary cavity. METHODS: From January 2010 to January 2014, 35 young patients(37 hips) with in the chimney-like femoral medullary cavity received Tri-Lock BPS prosthesis of THA, including 18 males(20 hips) and 17 females with an average age of (32.2±3.0) years old ranging from 21.2 to 38.5 years old. There were 16 cases of rheumatoid hip arthritis (17 hips), 8 cases of rheumatoid arthritis (9 hips), and 11 cases of aseptic necrosis of femoral head (11 hips). All cases were complicated with different degrees of osteoporosis. According to Singh index, 26 cases were classified as Grade III and 9 cases as Grade II. Biological prostheses were used for the acetabulum, with ceramic lining and full ceramic femoral head. The proximal femoral medullary cavity was Dorr type C on anteroposterior X-ray. After replacement, X-ray examination was performed to locate the prosthesis stem. Engh and Harris criteria were used to evaluate the stability of bone-prosthesis interface and hip function, respectively. Changes of hip movement pre-operation and at last follow-up were compared. RESULTS: All patients were followed up for 18 to 45 months(means 33.8 months). Harris hip scores in 35 cases (37 hips) increased significantly from preoperative 61.8±3.0 (51.2 to 73.5) to 93.3±6.5 (92.5 to 98.8) points at last follow-up (=54.745, <0.01). The hip mobility increased from (46.5±8.0)°(0° to 55°) before surgery to(101.2±10.5)°(85° to 130°) at the last follow-up, the difference was statistically significant(=133.091, <0.01). Immediately after surgery, the prostheses were tightly packed with the medullary cavity. At the final follow-up, 17 hips had significant femur cortical bone thickening;12 hips had varying degrees of stress occlusal bone resorption at proximal femoral, including 9 degree I(low femur density, round and blunt) and 3 degree II(involving small rotor) hips. Meanwhile, 15 hips had significant femur cortical bone thickening without thigh pain. CONCLUSIONS The cone-shaped short Tri-lock biological short-stem can fill Dorr C chimney-like medullary cavity and effectively retain good proximal femoral bone mass. Titanium microporous coating on the surface can effectively increase the friction of the prosthesis. The short-stem end in the medullary cavity can effectively avoid the occurrence of coxa varus.
Acetabulum ; Adult ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Female ; Femur ; Femur Head ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip Prosthesis ; Humans ; Male ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

As a common soft tissue disease, the mechanism of tendinopathy has not been clarified and is lack of effective treatment method. Change of tissue fibrosis is the one of the main pathological features. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), which is one of the important factor, participated in fibrosis. Inconsonant expressions of TGF-β1 could be found in tendinopathy. The studies are still controversial, but the vast majority of studies had showed that TGF-β1 was abnormal, and it is given priority to increase, which means that TGF-β1 plays an important role in the process of tendinopathy. In the process of tendon injuries and repairs, the time of TGF-β1 increasing is inconsistent. The time for TGF-β1 plays a significant role has not been determined. TGF-β1 has abnormal expressions in both tendinopathy and tendon repairs, which are two opposite processes. Thus, it may not be a one-way adjustment factor, but has a pleiotropic. Recent studies showed that TGF-β1 was considered as binding to receptor and transferring signal into the cell. Now there are three different receptors are found. The classical pathway of TGF-β1 in intracellular signal transduction is mainly through activation of Smad pathway. In the same time, there are also some non-classical pathways. TGF-β1 could break balance of extracellular matrix, which may be a reason to cause tendinopathy. But the regulations of TGF-β1 on the extracellular matrix are complex and diverse, further studies are required. Existing researches showed that the performance of treatments on tendinopathy is unsatisfied by blocking TGF-β1 downstream pathway. Therefore, it is a good way to study the upstream mechanism of produce TGF-β1. It may be an effective method to find new targets to inhibit the development of tendinopathy better by finding the original source of TGF-β1.
Fibrosis ; Humans ; Signal Transduction ; Tendinopathy ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1

OBJECTIVE: To compare the sagittal morphological features of the spine and pelvis between L₅S₁ dysplastic spondylolisthesis and isthmus spondylolisthesis in adolescent. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 24 cases of adolescent L₅S₁ spondylolisthesis with complete imaging data from May 2002 to December 2016. Those included 8 males and 16 females, aged from 10 to 18 years old with an average of (13.4±2.0) years. Among them, 9 cases were diagnosed as dysplastic spondylolisthesis (dysplasia group) and 15 cases isthmic spondylolisthesis (ischemic group). Radiographic parameters including slippage distance, slippage degree, slippage angle, sagittal vertical axis(SVA), thoracic kyphosis(TK), lumbar lordosis(LL), L₅ incidence(L₅I), pelvic incidence(PI), pelvic tilt(PT), sacral slope(SS), sagittal pelvic thickness(SPT), lumbosacral angle (LSA), sacral table angle (STA) were measured on the spinal lateral X-ray of the standing position. Independent-samples t-test was used in the comparison of each variable between two groups. <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in slippage distance, slippage rate, slippage angle between two groups. In dysplasia group, SVA, L₅I, PT, SPT were (37.0±48.4) mm, (57.0±14.8)°, (42.3±15.4)°, (56.1±21.2) mm, respectively, and (-11.0±22.2) mm, (31.7±19.3) °, ( 15.5±10.2)°, (31.4±19.1) mm in ischemic group; and the differences between the two groups were significant(<0.05). In ischemic group, SS, LSA, STA were (44.1±12.6)°, (103.9±21.7)°, (92.7±9.9)°, respectively, and (25.9±20.2) °, (75.4±16.4) °, (75.4±9.7) ° in dysplasia group; and the differences between the two groups were significant(<0.05). There was no significant difference in TK, LL between two groups(>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Significant different from isthmic spondylolisthesis, adolescents with dysplastic spondylolisthesis present a different spino-pelvic sagittal alignment, characterized with trunk forward leaning and pelvic retroversion. In case of sagittal imbalance, early surgical intervention is required to restore a balanced spino-pelvic alignment.
Adolescent ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Male ; Pelvis ; Postural Balance ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine ; Spondylolisthesis ; surgery

Objective To study the characteristics and epidemic trend of Shigella in Shandong province through the analysis of serotype, virulence genes, molecular typing and drug sensitivity. Methods The serotype was classified using the method of slide agglutination. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the related virulence genes. The molecular typing was carried out by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and the antibiotic sensitivity of the strains was determined by micro-broth dilution method. Results The main serogroups of 44 Shigella strains were Shigella flexneri (54.55%) and Shigella sonnei (43.18%). The carrying rates of ipaH, Set1, Sen and ial were 100%, 43.18%, 56.82% and 50.00%, respectively. By PFGE typing, the strains of Shigella flexneri were divided into 18 patterns with a low similarity. The strains of Shigella sonnei were divided into 14 patterns, and the similarity of 89.47% of the strains was more than 90%. 44 strains of Shigella had different levels of resistance to 14 of the 15 antibiotics. 93.18% of the strains were multidrug resistant. Conclusion The Shigella in Shandong province is dominated by serogroups of Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei, with high virulence gene carrying rate, clustering distribution and severe antibiotic resistance. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring on serotype, traceability and antibiotic resistance of Shigella in Shandong province.

Objective To evaluate the antibody persistence following rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) with 2-1-1 regimen and antibody response to two booster doses. Methods A total of 314 healthy volunteers at year 1, year 2, year 3 who had received a complete rabies PEP using 2-1-1 regimen were recruited. Two booster doses of rabies vaccine were inoculated, and blood samples were obtained before and 14 days after two booster doses. Human rabies virus IgG antibody was evaluated by ELISA, and the antibody levels and antibody positive rates were analyzed. Results The antibody GMC of 303 people at year 1, year 2, year 3 after a complete immunization was 1.33 IU/mL, 1.04 IU/mL and 0.72 IU/mL, with an antibody positive rate of 77.78%, 66.67% and 55.56%, respectively. Among 282 people who received 2 doses for booster immunization, the antibody GMC at day 14 of 1 year, 2 year and 3 year immunization group was 16.83 IU/mL, 19.37 IU/mL and 21.05 IU/mL respectively, which was higher than that before booster immunization (t=16.54, P<0.001; t=13.85, P<0.001; t=16.02, P<0.001). The antibody positive rate was 100.00%, 99.00% and 100.00%, respectively. Conclusions The immune persistence of rabies antibody after PEP with antirabies vaccine using the 2-1-1 regimen is good so as to the immune response after 2 doses of booster immunization in 3 years is effective.