This paper systematically reviews the current status of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori （Hp） infection， as well as recent progress in clinical and basic research both in China and internationally. It summarizes the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in Hp infection management， including improving Hp eradication rates， enhancing antibiotic sensitivity， reducing antimicrobial resistance， decreasing drug-related adverse effects， and ameliorating gastric mucosal lesions. These advantages are particularly evident in patients who are intolerant to bismuth-containing regimens， those with refractory Hp infection， and individuals with precancerous gastric lesions. An integrated， whole-process management approach and individualized， staged comprehensive treatment strategies combining TCM and western medicine are proposed for Hp infection. Future prevention and control of Hp infection should adopt an integrative Chinese-western medical strategy， emphasizing prevention， strengthening primary care， implementing proactive long-term monitoring， optimizing screening strategies， and advancing the development of novel technologies and mechanistic studies of Chinese herbal interventions. These efforts aim to provide a theoretical basis and practical pathways for the establishment and improvement of Hp infection prevention and control systems.

Objective Orosomucoid1 （ORM1） is a novel target in the quest for anti-fatigue pharmacotherapy. Preliminary investigations have illuminated oleuropein （OLE） as a promising candidate molecule, poised to enhance ORM1 expression. To elucidate the influence of OLE on ORM1 protein expression and assess its ramifications on muscle endurance. Methods The impact of OLE on ORM1 protein expressions within hepatocytes and liver tissue was meticulously quantified through Western blotting; the effects of OLE on muscle endurance were evaluated via the rotarod and forced swimming tests; glycogen content within liver and muscle tissues was determined utilizing a specialized kit; and PAS staining was employed to visualize glycogen deposition in the gastrocnemius muscle. Results OLE demonstrated a capacity to elevate ORM1 protein expression in hepatocytes in a time- and dose-dependent manner, concurrently prolonging the duration of swimming and rotarod performance in mice, also in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, OLE augmented ORM1 expression in liver tissue, elevated serum ORM1 levels, and enhanced glycogen reserves within the liver and muscle. Conclusion OLE may serve to amplify muscle endurance by elevating ORM1 levels in vivo and augmenting glycogen stores within skeletal muscle.

Objective: To investigate the status of condom use and its influencing factors among men who have sex with men (MSM), so as to provide a basis for improving condom utilization rates and AIDS prevention and control in this population. Methods: From May to October 2024, a snowball sampling method was employed to recruit MSM in Songjiang District, Shanghai Municipality. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data on demographic characteristics, AIDS-related knowledge, sexual behaviors, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), and condom use in the past six months. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for consistent condom use. Results: A total of 921 MSM were surveyed, with a median age of 29.00 (interquartile range, 9.00) years. Among them, 697 (75.68%) were aware of AIDS-related knowledge, 826 (89.69%) expressed willingness to use PrEP, and 835 (90.66%) were willing to use PEP. Additionally, 787 (85.45%) MSM reported their age at first homosexual intercourse as ≥18 years, while 519 (56.35%) reported consistent condom use in the past six months. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that MSM who were aware of AIDS-related knowledge (OR=0.582, 95% CI: 0.423-0.801), willing to use PrEP (OR =0.611, 95% CI: 0.385-0.969), and whose age at first homosexual intercourse was <18 years (OR=0.480, 95% CI: 0.330-0.700) were less likely to consistent use condoms. Conclusion The proportion of consistent condom use among the MSM remains relatively low, which is primarily associated with AIDS-related knowledge, willingness to use PrEP, and the age at first homosexual intercourse.

This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of compound Agrimonia pilosula enteritis capsules (CAPEC) on ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice with dampness-heat syndrome. The mice were randomly divided into five groups: the control group, the model group, the positive drug (5-aminosalicylic acid, 5-ASA) group, the low-dose CAPEC (CAPEC-L) group and the high-dose CAPEC (CAPEC-H) group. The mice models were established by using high-fat high-sucrose diet, feeding with distilled spirit and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). The effects of CAPEC on bile acids (BAs) metabolic profiles in bile and the FXR-SREBP-1 signaling pathway were investigated in the model of UC in mice with dampness-heat syndrome by ELISA, qRT-PCR, UHPLC-QQQ/MS, and histopathological analysis. The results showed that, compared with the model group, the CAPEC-L group and the CAPEC-H group significantly reduced the disease activity index (DAI), and proinflammatory cytokine levels (including IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) in both serum and colon tissues. Additionally, CAPEC markedly ameliorated intestinal inflammation, hepatic lipid accumulation, and pathological alterations in tongue tissue. The CAPEC-H group significantly attenuated the abnormal elevation of BAs profiles in bile, and up-regulated hepatic mRNA levels of Cyp7a1, Cyp7b1, Cyp27a1, Bsep, Fxr, and Shp, while down-regulating Srebp-1 and Cyp8b1 expression. The experimental results suggest that CAPEC alleviates UC with dampness-heat syndrome by ameliorating BAs metabolic disorders, hepatic lipid accumulation, and intestinal inflammation. These findings provide mechanistic insights into CAPEC’s traditional effects of clearing heat and drying dampness, and strengthening the spleen to relieve diarrhea.

AIM: To investigate the prevalence of pterygium in the southeast coastal area, analyze associated risk factors, and develop a multimodal machine learning predictive model.METHODS:A cross-sectional epidemiological study. A random sampling of the resident population of the Zhoushan Islands was performed. Data were collected through on-site ophthalmic examinations and epidemiological surveys. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors associated with pterygium. A multimodal artificial intelligence machine learning model was constructed to integrate and analyze both structured and unstructured data for predictive modeling. RESULTS:A total of 1 842 participants were enrolled in this study, including 926 males(50.27%)and 916 females(49.73%), with a mean age of 48.62±10.35 y. A total of 644 patients(34.96%), including 323 males(50.15%)and 321 females(49.84%)were diagnosed with pterygium, including 502 cases(77.95%)were unilateral, and 142 cases(22.05%)were bilateral. There were 1 198 cases without pterygium, including 603 males(50.33%)and 595 females(49.67%). Occupation, daily outdoor sunlight exposure duration, meibomian gland orifice obstruction, age, smoking, and alcohol consumption were identified as significant risk factors for pterygium. Occupation and daily outdoor sunlight exposure duration were the most potent risk factors(OR=6.125, P<0.001; OR=5.348, P<0.001, respectively), followed by age >40 y(OR=5.295, P<0.001)and meibomian gland orifice obstruction(OR=5.248, P<0.001). The multimodal machine learning model demonstrated good predictive performance, as evidenced by the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve, precision-recall(PR)curve, and confusion matrix, all indicating high predictive value, AUC=0.86, AP=0.77.CONCLUSION: Fishermen and farmers aged over 40 y with more than 4 h of daily sunlight exposure are at high risk for pterygium in the southeast coastal area. Meibomian gland dysfunction is correlated with corneal invasion of pterygium and may facilitate its progression; therefore, active health education and targeted intervention are recommended. The multimodal machine learning model provides accurate and reliable predictive capability for pterygium risk, which may facilitate risk stratification and early warning for pterygium in southeast coastal populations.

Patients with advanced pregnancy complicated by acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction are relatively rare both domestically and internationally,and there are currently no relevant guidelines to guide clinical treatment.In this case,a 39-year-old pregnant woman was admitted to the hospital with sudden chest pain,and the electrocardiogram showed extensive anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.Coronary angiography showed subtotal subtotal occlusion of the proximal left anterior descending artery.Reperfusion and revascularization were given,and the blood flow grade of the trial of thrombolytic in myocardial infarction was restored.Complete intravascular ultrasonography to determine the cause of occlusion due to spontaneous hematoma of the left anterior descending artery.After the operation,a reasonable antiplatelet and anticoagulant treatment regimen was selected according to the coronary artery lesion,and the pregnancy was terminated at the appropriate time,and 1 live male baby was successfully delivered.Maternal and fetal health was followed up after 1、3 and 6 months.Through the experience and summary of the treatment process,combined with the literature,the pathogenesis of this disease is discussed,and the strategy of revascularization,the selection of antithrombotic drugs and the timing of pregnancy termination are discussed in depth for clinical reference.

Aim To explore the key components and mechanisms of Lizhong decoction in treating rats with cold-damp diarrhea based on network pharmacology,molecular docking technology and animal experiments.Methods By literature review and database collec-tion,the components of Lizhong decoction,therapeutic targets,and the mapping with diarrhea disease targets were conducted to construct an intersection target pro-tein-protein interaction network for screening core tar-gets,and GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was performed to build an"active component-target-pathway"network,followed by molecular docking vali-dation.Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into the normal control group(K),model group(DG),Lizhong decoction group(LZDG),and Pulsatilla decoction group(BTDG).Subsequently,a rat cold-damp diar-rhea model was established using Senna combined with low-temperature high-humidity environment,and the rats were intervened with Lizhong decoction and Pul-satilla decoction.HE staining was used to detect path-ological changes in intestinal tissue,ELISA was em-ployed to measure the levels of peripheral blood IL-6,IL-10,IL-1 β,and TNF-α,and western blot was used to determine the expression of colon tight junction pro-teins.Results Network pharmacology initially identi-fied 125 compounds in Lizhong decoction,5 186 drug target components,438 disease targets,and 60"drug-disease"shared targets.GO and KEGG enrichment a-nalysis showed that signaling pathways such as IL-17 and TNF were highly enriched.Molecular docking in-dicated that the core components of the drug had good binding activity with corresponding key targets.Liz-hong decoction could effectively improve the clinical symptoms of rats with cold-damp diarrhea,and com-pared with the DG group,the diarrhea rate,diarrhea in-dex,and other related indicators also gradually de-creased to normal levels.Compared with the DG group,the LZDG group showed reduced inflammation levels and a recovery in energy metabolism levels.Conclusion It can regulate targets such as MMP9 and IL-17 signaling pathways through multi-components like Calycosin and formononetin to exert its therapeutic effect on cold-damp diarrhea.

Objectives:To analyze factors associated with physical fitness and health in children and adolescents from the perspective of cohort and urban-rural differences in order to provide evidence for optimizing health intervention policies.Methods:Using data from the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)from 2012 to 2020,this study examined trends in the health of children and adolescents in terms of height and weight.A hierarchical mixed-effects model was used to examine the impact of socioeconomic factors such as household income,health insurance and regional public health expenditure on physical fitness and health.Interaction models were also used to assess heterogeneous effects across birth cohorts and urban-rural contexts.Results:The physical fitness and health of children and adolescents in China have improved significantly,but urban-rural disparities persist.Household income,parental education and health insurance have protective effects on health,but the strength of these effects varies by cohort and between urban and rural areas.Height and weight outcomes for rural children were more closely associated with economic development and health insurance coverage.Conclusions:The factors associated with physical fitness and health in children and adolescents are dynamic.It is necessary to establish a tiered and targeted health promotion system,strengthening health insurance coverage and interventions in rural areas,while prioritizing family-based healthy lifestyle counselling in urban areas.

Objective:To evaluate the role of silent information regulator factor 2-related enzyme 1 (SIRT1)/Klotho signaling pathway in renal injury induced by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in diabetic rats.Methods:Forty SPF healthy male rats, aged 6-8 weeks, weighing 140-170 g, were divided into 5 groups ( n=8 each) by the random number table method: non-diabetic sham operation group (NS group), non-diabetic I/R group (NIR group), diabetic sham operation group (DS group), diabetic I/R group (DIR group), and diabetic I/R + SIRT1 inhibitor EX-527 group (DIR+ EX-527 group). Diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal streptozotocin 60 mg/kg. The myocardial I/R was produced by temporary ligation of the left anterior descending branch of coronary artery for 30 min followed by 120 min reperfusion. EX-527 5 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected before ischemia and at 10 min before reperfusion in DIR+ EX-527 group. Serum levels of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) were determined at the end of reperfusion. Renal tissues were collected for observation of the pathological changes and for detection of the expression of SIRT1, Klotho, and interleukin-1 β (IL-1β) by Western blot. Results:Compared with NS group, the serum levels of LDH, cTnI, BUN and MDA were significantly increased, the serum levels of SOD were decreased, the expression of Klotho and SIRT1 was down-regulated, the expression of IL-1β was up-regulated ( P<0.05), and the pathological damage to renal tissues was marked in NIR group and DS group. Compared with DS group and NIR group, the serum levels of LDH, cTnI, BUN, Cr and MDA were significantly increased, the serum levels of SOD were decreased, the expression of Klotho and SIRT1 was down-regulated, the expression of IL-1β was up-regulated ( P<0.01), and the pathological damage to renal tissues was aggravated in DIR gruop. Compared with DIR gruop, the serum levels of LDH, cTnI, BUN, Cr and MDA were significantly increased, the level of serum SOD was decreased, the expression of Klotho and SIRT1 was down-regulated, the expression of IL-1β was up-regulated ( P<0.01), and the pathological damage to renal tissues was aggravated in DIR+ EX-527 group. Conclusions:Weakened activation of SIRT1/Klotho signaling pathway may be involved in the mechanism of myocardial I/R-induced renal injury in diabetic rats.

Objective:To evaluate the relationship between nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1 (Rev-erbα) and ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes subjected to high-fat/high-glucose (HFHG) and hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury.Methods:H9c2 cardiomyocytes were cultured under normal conditions. The cells were divided into 4 groups ( n=13 each) using a random number table method: control group (C group), H/R group, HFHG group and HFHG+ H/R1 group. The cells were divided into 3 groups ( n=17 each) using a random number table method: HFHG+ H/R2 group, negative control siRNA + HFHG + H/R group (si-NC+ HFHG+ H/R group), and Rev-erbα gene knockdown + HFHG + H/R group (si-Rev-erbα+ HFHG+ H/R group). The cardiomyocyte model of HFHG combined with H/R injury was established by incubating cells with HFHG medium for 12 h, followed by 6 h of hypoxia and 2 h of reoxygenation. Rev-erbα gene was knocked down using siRNA technology. Cell viability was assessed using CCK-8 and Calcein AM/PI live-dead cell double staining kits. The expression of Rev-erbα, acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4), and nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) was detected by Western blot. The levels of lipid peroxide (LPO) were measured by flow cytometry. Results:Compared with C group, the cell viability was significantly decreased, and the expression of Rev-erbα, ACSL4 and NCOA4 was up-regulated in HFHG, H/R and HFHG+ H/R1 groups( P<0.05). Compared with HFHG group or H/R group, the cell viability was significantly decreased, and the expression of Rev-erbα, ACSL4 and NCOA4 was up-regulated in HFHG+ H/R1 group ( P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the cell viability, levels of LPO, or expression of Rev-erbα, ACSL4 and NCOA4 between HFHG+ H/R2 group and si-NC+ HFHG+ H/R group ( P>0.05). Compared with HFHG+ H/R2 group, the cell viability was significantly increased, the levels of LPO were decreased, and the expression of Rev-erbα, ACSL4 and NCOA4 was down-regulated in si-Rev-erbα+ HFHG+ H/R group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Rev-erbα participates in the process of HFHG and H/R injury to cardiomyocytes by negatively regulating ferroptosis.