Objective: To explore whether the long-term and frequent use of citrate anticoagulants negatively affects the bone metabolism balance of female frequent plateletpheresis donors, so as to better protect their health. Methods: A total of 65 female plateletpheresis donors and 55 female whole-blood donors from Guangzhou Blood Center (May to December 2024) were enrolled as experimental and control groups respectively, stratified into age subgroups (18-39 years and 40-60 years). Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP), osteocalcin (OC), and type I collagen carboxy-terminal telopeptide (CTX) were measured. Differences in bone metabolism markers between experimental and control groups across age subgroups were compared. ANOVA was used to analyze dose-response relationships between donation age, annual apheresis donation frequency, and biochemical indicators. Results: In the 40-60 age subgroup, 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in the experimental group (P<0.05), exhibiting a linear increase with age and a linear decrease with annual donation frequency. No significant differences in CTX or PINP levels were observed between experimental and control groups in either age subgroup. Conclusion: High-frequency plateletpheresis donation does not disrupt bone metabolic balance in female donors. However, it is associated with reduced vitamin D levels in female donors aged >40 years, potentially increasing the risk of osteoporosis. Vitamin D supplementation is recommended for high-frequency female plateletpheresis donors in this age group.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have found that neohesperidin can delay bone loss in ovariectomized mice and has the potential to treat osteoporosis,but its specific mechanism of action remains to be explored. OBJECTIVE:To explore the key targets and possible mechanisms of neohesperidin in the treatment of osteoporosis based on bioinformatics and cell experiments in vitro. METHODS:The gene expression dataset related to osteoporosis was obtained from GEO database,and the differentially expressed genes were screened and analyzed in R language.The osteoporosis-related targets were screened from GeneCards and DisGeNET databases,and the neohesperidin-related targets were screened from ChEMBL and PubChem databases,and the common targets were obtained by intersection of the three.The String database was used to construct the PPI network of intersection genes,and the key targets were screened.The DAVID database was used for GO and KEGG enrichment analysis.The AutoDock software was used to verify the molecular docking between the neohesperidin and the target protein.The effect of neohesperidin on osteogenic differentiation of C57 mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was detected.Complete medium was used as blank control group;osteogenic induction medium was used as the control group;and osteogenic induction medium containing different concentrations of neohesperidin(25,50 μmol/L)was used as experimental group.The expression of alkaline phosphatase,the degree of mineralization,the expression of osteogenic-related genes and target genes during osteogenic differentiation of cells were measured at corresponding time points. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)9 253 differentially expressed genes,2 161 osteoporosis-related targets,and 326 neohesperidin-related targets were screened.There were 53 common targets among the three.All 53 genes were up-regulated in osteoporosis samples.The PPI network screened the target gene PRKACA of research significance.GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that neohesperidin's treatment of osteoporosis through PRKACA target mainly depended on biological processes such as protein phosphorylation and protein autophosphorylation,acting on endocrine resistance,proteoglycan in cancer,and estrogen signaling pathway to play a therapeutic role.Molecular docking results showed that neohesperidin had a certain binding ability to the protein corresponding to the target PRKACA.(2)The results of alkaline phosphatase staining showed that neohesperidin could promote the expression of alkaline phosphatase in the early stage of osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.Alizarin red staining showed that neohesperidin could promote the mineralization of osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.RT-qPCR results showed that neohesperidin could increase the mRNA expression of alkaline phosphatase,PRKACA,and osteocalcin.(3)These results indicate that neohesperidin may promote osteogenic differentiation through PRKACA target on the estrogen signaling pathway to prevent and treat osteoporosis.

Objective: Hundreds of countries have implemented lockdown policies to slow the spread of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), but the impact of these measures on maternal mental health is not well understood. Methods: This study integrated a stress-process model to examine the pathways from lockdown-related stressors to prenatal psychological outcomes, with COVID-19 coping strategies (COP) and self-efficacy in managing negative affect (NEG) as mediators and lockdown duration, hours on pandemic-related information, and number of pregnancies as moderators. Pregnant women in Shanghai completed the Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy Scale, COVID-19 Coping Scale, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test and modify the hypothetical model, and moderated mediation and slope analyses were undertaken. Results: In the final SEM demonstrating satisfactory fit, three stressors—decreased household income, insufficient daily supplies, and acquired infections—showed positive direct relationships with NEG and COP. Acquired infections, NEG, and COP were identified as direct predictors of mental health outcomes. The relationship between these three stressors and mental health was mediated by NEG and COP. Additionally, the number of pregnancies moderated the mediating effect of COP; this effect was more pronounced among first-time pregnant women than those with multiple pregnancies. Conclusion This study provides insights into how lockdown measures impact psychological outcomes in pregnant women quarantined at home. Interventions aimed at increasing coping strategies may be more effective for primiparous women during future public health emergencies.

[摘 要] 目的：筛选炎症性肠病（IBD）和结直肠癌（CRC）的潜在共病基因，探讨关键基因去整合素-金属蛋白酶8（ADAM8）与IBD及CRC发生发展的关系及其潜在机制。方法：基于从GEO数据库和TCGA数据库下载IBD及CRC患者的转录组数据及对应临床资料，通过差异分析、预后基因筛选及交集分析鉴定同致共病基因。用多个数据集分析和验证关键基因ADAM8在IBD及CRC中的表达特征及其与临床病理指标的关系。生存分析探究ADAM8在CRC中的预后价值。功能和通路富集分析探究ADAM8影响CRC进展的潜在机制，进一步用肿瘤微环境算法评估ADAM8与肿瘤微环境的关系。用免疫组化（IHC）法检测中国人CRC组织中的表达验证数据库数据。结果： ADAM8为IBD和CRC的潜在关键共病基因。ADAM8在IBD和CRC组织中均呈高表达（均P < 0.01），且其高表达提示疾病病理进展（P < 0.01）。高表达ADAM8的CRC患者总生存期（OS）更短（P < 0.05或P < 0.01）。ADAM8在中国人CRC组中也呈高表达（P < 0.01）。免疫细胞迁移、细胞因子产生及免疫受体相互作用等通路与ADAM8表达密切关联，ADAM8表达与中性粒细胞、巨噬细胞等免疫细胞浸润水平呈正相关（P < 0.01或P < 0.001）。结论：ADAM8在IBD和CRC组织中呈高表达，与患者预后、疾病进展及免疫细胞浸润密切关联，有望成为2种疾病的共同干预靶点。

Tumor metabolic reprogramming and immune escape synergistically promote tumor progression, in which methionine (Met) metabolism plays a key role through epigenetic regulation and immune microenvironment remodelling. This paper systematically summarzes the mechanisms by which aberrant Met metabolism leads to “methionine addiction” and maintains the malignant phenotype of tumor cells, and describes its multiple modulations of the immune system: inducing T-cell depletion, promoting the polarization of M2-type macrophages, inhibiting the activity of NK cells, and enhancing the function of tumor-associated fibroblasts. Furthermore, therapeutic strategies targeting Met metabolism, including methionine-restricted diets, metabolic enzyme (MAT2A, NNMT) inhibitors, and epigenetic targets (PRMT5 inhibitors), are explored to provide theoretical reference for the development of Met-targeted therapies.

Objective: To explore the efficacy of focal radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in the treatment of low-to-intermediate risk localized prostate cancer and its impact on postoperative urinary control and sexual function recovery，in order to explore the feasibility of minimally invasive methods for the treatment of localized prostate cancer. Methods: Clinical data of 28 patients with low-to-intermediate risk localized prostate cancer who underwent RFA in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital，Affiliated Hospital of Medical School during Jun.2017 and Feb.2021 were retrospectively analyzed.The 5-year failure-free survival (FFS) rate，surgery related complications，postoperative urinary control and sexual function were collected.The differences between the survival curves of patients in the low-risk and intermediate-risk subgroups were assessed with log-rank test and Breslow test. Results: All surgeries were successfully completed under local anesthesia.During the median follow-up of 43 (40-49) months，the 5-year FFS rate predicted by Kaplan-Meier method was 78.57%; 25 patients (89.29%) did not experience surgery-related complications; 27 patients (96.43%) were able to control urination; 1 patient developed new-onset sexual dysfunction.There was no significant difference in the survival curves between patients in the low-risk and intermediate-risk groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: RFA for patients with low-to-intermediate risk localized prostate cancer has good clinical efficacy，little impact on urinary control and sexual function recovery，and few postoperative complications，which can be used as one of the treatment options for these patients.

AIM:To analyze the clinical phenotypes and genotypes of children with incontinentia pigmenti(IP)and enhance clinicians' understanding of the condition.METHODS: A family with IP diagnosed in February 2020 at the ophthalmology department of People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was enrolled. The proband and family members underwent comprehensive systemic and ocular examinations. Peripheral venous blood was collected for DNA extraction, followed by whole-exome sequencing and MLPA assay to identify pathogenic variants. Corresponding treatments were administered based on the severity of fundus lesions, and ocular clinical features and therapeutic outcomes were monitored during follow-up.RESULTS: The child in this study was a female, aged 8 years, with typical skin changes and scarring alopecia and dental abnormalities at the time of initial consultation. The results of genetic testing suggested that the child carried a heterozygous deletion of exons 4-10 of the IKBKG gene chrX:153440010-153446570del. The child had asymmetric lesions in both eyes, with severe lesions in the left eye, atrophy of the eyeballs, and ocular B-ultrasound suggesting structural disturbances in the eye, and neovascularization was seen in the peripheral retina of the right eye, and the patient was given laser photocoagulation treatment for the right eye, and no progression of retinopathy was detected during follow-up.CONCLUSION:Children with IP have different ocular clinical phenotypes, and retinal vasculopathy is the main change. Early screening and timely and standardized treatment are crucial for children diagnosed with IP.

After years of development, Europe has accumulated extensive experience in the discipline development and global health degree education, laying a strong foundation for cultivating professionals with a global perspective and practical competencies. European universities have continuously explored and innovated in curriculum development and resource integration, offering valuable insights into establishing a comprehensive global health degree education system. This study reviews global health degree programs at 13 representative universities (ranked approximately among the top 100 medical schools in the QS World University Rankings) and two university alliances in Europe. The results of analysis reveals several key features of global health degree education in Europe, such as a wide variety of program types with shorter program durations, strong emphasis on interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral integration in teaching, resource sharing through university alliances, and extensive internship and employment opportunities. These findings offer the following implications for the development of global health degree education in China: providing diversified degree programs to meet the needs of different groups; strengthening interdisciplinary teaching to enhance the quality of practical education; and establishing platforms for shared teaching resources to promote international exchange and cooperation.

[摘 要] 目的：探讨白蛋白结合型紫杉醇联合PD-1抑制剂用于治疗一线化疗失败的骨与软组织肉瘤的疗效及安全性。方法：回顾性分析北京积水潭医院骨肿瘤科2017年8月至2020年8月收治的一线化疗失败的晚期骨与软组织肉瘤患者。患者接受白蛋白结合型紫杉醇（125~140 mg/m2，第1天和第8天）与PD-1抑制剂（信迪利单抗或特瑞普利单抗，每21 d一次）联合治疗。每2个治疗周期评估1次疗效，按RECIST 1.1标准评估肿瘤疗效，按NCI-CTCAE5.0标准评估不良反应。结果：共20名患者纳入研究，完成1至8个治疗周期，中位治疗周期数为3个。所有患者均可评估疗效，完全缓解4例（20%），部分缓解0例，稳定9例（45%），疾病进展7例（35%）。客观缓解率（ORR）为20%，疾病控制率（DCR）为65%。中位无进展生存期（PFS）为3.0个月。治疗期间主要不良反应包括2级白细胞减少（40%）、1-2级神经毒性反应（20%），以及2级甲状腺功能减退（10%）。结论：白蛋白结合型紫杉醇联合PD-1抑制剂治疗为一线化疗失败的晚期骨与软组织肉瘤患者提供了一种潜在的治疗选择，其不良反应可控，值得开展更大样本的前瞻性研究进一步验证其疗效。

Immobilized enzyme-based enzyme electrode biosensors, characterized by high sensitivity and efficiency, strong specificity, and compact size, demonstrate broad application prospects in life science research, disease diagnosis and monitoring, etc. Immobilization of enzyme is a critical step in determining the performance (stability, sensitivity, and reproducibility) of the biosensors. Random immobilization (physical adsorption, covalent cross-linking, etc.) can easily bring about problems, such as decreased enzyme activity and relatively unstable immobilization. Whereas, directional immobilization utilizing amino acid residue mutation, affinity peptide fusion, or nucleotide-specific binding to restrict the orientation of the enzymes provides new possibilities to solve the problems caused by random immobilization. In this paper, the principles, advantages and disadvantages and the application progress of enzyme electrode biosensors of different directional immobilization strategies for enzyme molecular sensing elements by specific amino acids (lysine, histidine, cysteine, unnatural amino acid) with functional groups introduced based on site-specific mutation, affinity peptides (gold binding peptides, carbon binding peptides, carbohydrate binding domains) fused through genetic engineering, and specific binding between nucleotides and target enzymes (proteins) were reviewed, and the application fields, advantages and limitations of various immobilized enzyme interface characterization techniques were discussed, hoping to provide theoretical and technical guidance for the creation of high-performance enzyme sensing elements and the manufacture of enzyme electrode sensors.