Objective To investigate the correlation between cognitive impairment and depression in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods Based on China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2011,totally 521 elderly T2DM patients were enrolled,and according to the results of minimum mental state examination(MMSE)and their education lev-els,they were divided into a cognitively impaired group(437 cases)and a cognitively normal group(84 cases).Center for ED Epidemiological Survey Depression Scale was used to assess the depression symptoms.The correlation between cognitive impairment and depression was analyzed.Results Compared with the cognitively normal group,the cognitively impaired group had signifi-cantly advanced age(71.98±5.29 year vs 69.42±3.98 year,P=0.000),larger proportion of de-pression(60.6％vs 35.7％,P=0.000),and higher C-reactive protein level(5.09±12.80 mg/L vs 2.25±2.43 mg/L,P=0.000),and obviously lower ratios of being married(72.1％vs 86.9％,P=0.001)and having cardiovascular disease(20.1％vs 32.1％,P=0.010),and decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate[77.15±15.88 ml/(min·1.73 m2)vs 81.91±13.55 ml/(min·1.73 m2),P=0.001].Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that cognitive impairment was an independent risk factor for the development of depression in elderly T2DM patients(OR=3.44,95％CI:1.89-6.27,P＜0.01).ROC curve analysis indicated that the AUC value of MMSE score in predicting depression in elderly T2DM patients was 0.669(95％CI:0.626-0.709,P＜0.01).The direct effect of cognitive impairment and the mediating effect of loneliness on depression in elderly T2DM patients accounted for 72.22％and 27.78％of the total effect,respectively.Conclu-sion Cognitive impairment is associated with the presence of depression in elderly T2DM pa-tients,and loneliness plays a mediating role.

Family with sequence similarity 3 member A(FAM3A),a novel mitochondrial protein,plays a pivotal role in hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism by enhancing ATP synthesis and secretion and mod-ulating the ATP-P2 receptor-Akt signaling pathway.Dysregulation of FAM3A is closely associated with the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).In this study,targeting FAM3A as a therapeutic candidate,we conducted virtual screening to identify 47 small-molecule compounds with potential binding activity.Surface plasmon resonance(SPR)analysis re-vealed three compounds exhibiting high binding affinity to FAM3 A.Further structural characterization of the FAM3A-compound complexes,combined with intermolecular interaction analysis,elucidated the binding mode of the lead compound Index 2(taxifolin)to FAM3A at atomic resolution.These findings provide critical insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying ligand-FAM3A interactions and deliver valuable chemical scaffolds for the development of therapeutics targeting NAFLD and T2DM.This work establishes a foundation for advancing drug discovery efforts focused on FAM3A-mediated metabolic disor-ders.

Family with sequence similarity 3 member A(FAM3A),a novel mitochondrial protein,plays a pivotal role in hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism by enhancing ATP synthesis and secretion and mod-ulating the ATP-P2 receptor-Akt signaling pathway.Dysregulation of FAM3A is closely associated with the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).In this study,targeting FAM3A as a therapeutic candidate,we conducted virtual screening to identify 47 small-molecule compounds with potential binding activity.Surface plasmon resonance(SPR)analysis re-vealed three compounds exhibiting high binding affinity to FAM3 A.Further structural characterization of the FAM3A-compound complexes,combined with intermolecular interaction analysis,elucidated the binding mode of the lead compound Index 2(taxifolin)to FAM3A at atomic resolution.These findings provide critical insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying ligand-FAM3A interactions and deliver valuable chemical scaffolds for the development of therapeutics targeting NAFLD and T2DM.This work establishes a foundation for advancing drug discovery efforts focused on FAM3A-mediated metabolic disor-ders.

AIM To establish the near-infrared spectroscopy quantitative models for moisture,23-acetylalismol B and 23-acetylalismol C in Alismatis Rhizoma decoction pieces.METHODS The near-infrared spectroscopy(NIRS)data were collected in 95 batches of decoction pieces,after which drying method was adopted in the content determination of moisture,HPLC was applied to determining the contents of 23-acetylalismol B and 23-acetylalismol C,the quantitative models were established by partial least squares method combined with feature extraction algorithms.RESULTS The model training determination coefficients were 0.952 6,0.958 1 and 0.920 8,along with the prediction determination coefficients of 0.930 0,0.905 2 and 0.906 4,the residual prediction deviations(PRD)of 4.00,3.58 and 3.46,and the root mean square error ratios of prediction values to calibration values(RMSEP/RMSEC)of 1.15,1.11 and 1.06,respectively.CONCLUSION The quantitative models based on NIRS exhibit good prediction effects,which can be used for the rapid quality detection of Alismatis Rhizoma decoction pieces.

OBJECTIVE: To compare clinical effect of arthroscopic double row fixation and single row fixation in treating Ideberg typeⅠA scapular glenoid fracture. METHODS: From June 2018 to December 2022, 26 patients with Ideberg typeⅠA scapular glenoid fracture treated with shoulder arthroscopy were divided into single-row anchor group and double-row anchor group according to the fixation method of fracture block. There were 12 patients in single-row anchor group, including 7 males and 5 females, aged from 25 to 53 years old with an average of (38.42±9.61) years old;the time from injury to operation ranged from 2 to 7 days with an average of (4.75±1.82) days. There were 14 patients in double-row anchor group, including 10 males and 4 females, aged from 21to 53 years old with an average of (37.36±10.19) years old;the time from injury to operation ranged from 1 to 8 days with an average of (4.21±2.01) days. The changes of shoulder joint flexion, abduction, lateral lateral rotation, Constant-Murley shoulder function score and Rowe scores were compared between two groups before operation and 1 year after operation. The percentage of bone mass in pelvis area before operation and the percentage of bone defect in pelvis area at the latest follow-up were compared between two groups. RESULTS: All patients were followed up for 12 to 15 months with an average of (13.08±1.17) months in single-row anchor group and 12 to 15 months with an average of (13.29±1.07) months in double-row anchor group, with no statistical significance between two groups (P>0.05). The results of anterior flexion, abduction and lateral lateral rotation in single-row anchor group were(86.67±6.62) °, (79.50±5.68) °, (38.17±1.70) ° before operation, and (162.50±4.52)°, (169.17±3.35)°, (50.67±10.20)° at 1 year after operation; while in double-row anchor group were (84.14±5.48) °, (81.71±5.20) °, (39.29±3.63) ° before operation and (162.29 ± 5.53) °, (167.14±3.61) °, (56.93±9.56) ° at 1 year after operation;the difference between two groups before operation and 1 year after operation was statistically significant (P<0.05). There were no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). Constant-Murley scores and Rowe scores in single-row anchor group were (55.42±3.75), (43.75±18.49) before operation and (94.83±2.21), (95.42±4.50) at 1 year after operation, respectively;while in double-row anchor group were (54.50±7.88), (41.79±18.25) before operation and (94.36±4.73), (95.00±4.80) at 1 year after operation;there was no significant difference in Constant-Murley score and Rowe score between two groups before operation and 1 year after operation (P>0.05). There was significant difference in the percentage of bone mass in pelvis area between two groups before operation (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the percentage of bone defect in the shoulder area between single-row anchor group(4.42±1.51)% and double-row anchor group (2.71±1.44)% at 1 year after operation (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Both single and double row fixation techniques for the treatment of Ideberg typeⅠA scapular glenoid fracture could receive satisfactory functional recovery. However, double-row fixation has more advantages in reducing bone resorption of fracture mass.
Humans ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Arthroscopy/methods* ; Adult ; Scapula/surgery* ; Case-Control Studies ; Fractures, Bone/physiopathology* ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods* ; Shoulder Joint/physiopathology* ; Range of Motion, Articular

Objective To investigate the correlation between cognitive impairment and depression in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods Based on China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2011,totally 521 elderly T2DM patients were enrolled,and according to the results of minimum mental state examination(MMSE)and their education lev-els,they were divided into a cognitively impaired group(437 cases)and a cognitively normal group(84 cases).Center for ED Epidemiological Survey Depression Scale was used to assess the depression symptoms.The correlation between cognitive impairment and depression was analyzed.Results Compared with the cognitively normal group,the cognitively impaired group had signifi-cantly advanced age(71.98±5.29 year vs 69.42±3.98 year,P=0.000),larger proportion of de-pression(60.6％vs 35.7％,P=0.000),and higher C-reactive protein level(5.09±12.80 mg/L vs 2.25±2.43 mg/L,P=0.000),and obviously lower ratios of being married(72.1％vs 86.9％,P=0.001)and having cardiovascular disease(20.1％vs 32.1％,P=0.010),and decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate[77.15±15.88 ml/(min·1.73 m2)vs 81.91±13.55 ml/(min·1.73 m2),P=0.001].Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that cognitive impairment was an independent risk factor for the development of depression in elderly T2DM patients(OR=3.44,95％CI:1.89-6.27,P＜0.01).ROC curve analysis indicated that the AUC value of MMSE score in predicting depression in elderly T2DM patients was 0.669(95％CI:0.626-0.709,P＜0.01).The direct effect of cognitive impairment and the mediating effect of loneliness on depression in elderly T2DM patients accounted for 72.22％and 27.78％of the total effect,respectively.Conclu-sion Cognitive impairment is associated with the presence of depression in elderly T2DM pa-tients,and loneliness plays a mediating role.

AIM To establish the near-infrared spectroscopy quantitative models for moisture,23-acetylalismol B and 23-acetylalismol C in Alismatis Rhizoma decoction pieces.METHODS The near-infrared spectroscopy(NIRS)data were collected in 95 batches of decoction pieces,after which drying method was adopted in the content determination of moisture,HPLC was applied to determining the contents of 23-acetylalismol B and 23-acetylalismol C,the quantitative models were established by partial least squares method combined with feature extraction algorithms.RESULTS The model training determination coefficients were 0.952 6,0.958 1 and 0.920 8,along with the prediction determination coefficients of 0.930 0,0.905 2 and 0.906 4,the residual prediction deviations(PRD)of 4.00,3.58 and 3.46,and the root mean square error ratios of prediction values to calibration values(RMSEP/RMSEC)of 1.15,1.11 and 1.06,respectively.CONCLUSION The quantitative models based on NIRS exhibit good prediction effects,which can be used for the rapid quality detection of Alismatis Rhizoma decoction pieces.

Osteoporosis(OP)is a bone-related disease characterized by an imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation.Recent studies have shown that endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)plays an important role in the pathogenesis of OP.On the one hand,moderate ERS can regulate the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells,osteoblasts and osteoclasts through multiple signaling pathways to promote bone homeostasis.On the other hand,excessive ERS can induce apoptosis of bone-related cells through various ways to disrupt bone homeostasis.Traditional Chinese medicine monomer and compound have significant therapeutic effect on OP.Recent studies have found that regulating ERS is one of the important mechanisms of effective treatment of OP by traditional Chinese medicine.From the perspective of ER stress,many studies have explored the mechanism of action in the treatment of OP by Chinese medicine.In this paper,through analyzing and summarizing the literature at home and abroad in recent years,the relevant studies on the involvement of ERS process in osteoporosis and the studies on the treatment of OP by Chinese medicine ERS process were reviewed.To further reveal the involvement of ERS process in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and the regulatory role of traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective:To evaluate the screw placement assisted by robotic navigation in cannulated screw fixation for treatment of fracture of scapular coracoid process.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the data of 24 patients with fracture of scapular coracoid process who had been treated by cannulated screw fixation at Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Red Cross Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2020 to December 2023. According to whether the intraoperative screw placement was assisted by robotic navigation or not, the patients were divided into 2 groups. In group A of 11 cases, there were 6 males and 5 females with an age of (47.4±3.4) years whose screw placement was assisted by robotic navigation during the internal fixation with cannulated screws. In group B of 13 cases, there were 10 males and 3 females with an age of (43.5±4.9) years whose screw placement was assisted by conventional C-arm X-ray fluoroscopy during the internal fixation with cannulated screws. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, fracture healing time, intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency, intraoperative adjustments of guide wire, Constant-Murley score of shoulder function at the last follow-up and postoperative complications were compared between the 2 groups.Results:There was no significant difference in the preoperative general data between the 2 groups, indicating comparability ( P>0.05). The follow-up time was (25.3±9.1) months for group A and (27.6±10.8) months for group B, showing no statistically significant difference ( P>0.05). The intraoperative blood loss [(51.8±35.7) mL], intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency [(5.7±1.0) times] and intraoperative adjustments of guide wire [(1.6±0.7) times] in group A were significantly less than those in group B [(123.8±73.9) mL, (12.5±2.7) times, and (5.3±1.0) times] ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in operative time [(88.2±21.3) min versus (80.4±31.1) min], fracture healing time [(10.0±1.3) weeks versus (11.5±2.7) weeks] or Constant Murley score of shoulder function at the last follow-up [(86.7±6.1) points versus (91.1±10.0) points] between group A and group B ( P>0.05). No patient reported such complications as wound infection, fracture nonunion, or failure of internal fixation during the follow-up period. Conclusions:In the treatment of fracture of scapular coracoid process by cannulated screw fixation, robotic navigation can be used to assist screw placemen to achieve good efficacy comparable to conventional C-arm X-ray fluoroscopy. Moreover, assistance by robotic navigation can help reduce intraoperative blood loss and radiation, and improve surgical accuracy.